Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"Experiences of restrictive practices in child and adolescent mental health inpatient care: an integrative review.","authors":"S U Larsen, M L Pedersen, J Baker, J P Hansen, S Lemcke, F A Gildberg","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01119-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13034-026-01119-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children and adolescents admitted to psychiatric inpatient units may be subjected to restrictive practices. Such practices can have significant psychological and physical consequences for the young inpatients, as well as for their relatives and the staff involved. Despite this, experiences of restrictive practices remain underreported particularly regarding the mechanisms that sustain their continued use, even in the face of international and national regulations aimed at reducing restrictiveness. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms can help nuance clinical decision-making and illuminate the complex relationships between staff, children, and relatives. This integrative review aims to provide such insights through a systematic literature search that includes both peer-reviewed and grey literature across quantitative and qualitative studies. The included papers were assessed using JBI and GRADE-CERQual and findings were analyzed using Systematic Text Condensation showing that restrictive practices persist not only due to acute crises but through intertwined mechanisms: their ethical justification in care, their institutional and legal normalization, and their embeddedness in everyday ward culture. Children and adolescents, relatives, and staff each shape how safety and responsibility are understood, reinforcing restrictive practices in different ways. These findings point to the need for strategies extending beyond regulation toward cultural and relational approaches that promote emotional safety, agency, and recovery-even when restrictive practices remain necessary. The review was preregistered at PROSPERO (CRD420251032437).</p>","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13632292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood adversity moderates the association between serum cortisol and earlier-onset posttraumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Jae-Min Kim, Hee-Ju Kang, Ju-Wan Kim, Ju-Yeon Lee, Hyunseok Jang, Jung-Chul Kim, Sung-Wan Kim, Il-Seon Shin","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01129-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13034-026-01129-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of cortisol in Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains controversial due to inconsistent findings. Childhood adversity may recalibrate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, altering the prognostic value of cortisol. Furthermore, the biological mechanisms underlying earlier- versus delayed-onset PTSD trajectories may differ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 895 patients hospitalized for physical injuries were prospectively followed for 2 years. Baseline serum cortisol levels and childhood adversity were assessed within one month of injury. PTSD diagnoses and onset timing were determined at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5. Logistic regression models evaluated individual and interactive effects of cortisol and childhood adversity on PTSD onset, adjusting for relevant covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neither baseline serum cortisol levels nor childhood adversity independently predicted PTSD onset. However, a significant interaction was observed for earlier-onset PTSD, such that lower cortisol levels were associated with increased risk only among individuals without childhood adversity. This interaction was not observed for delayed-onset PTSD. Cortisol levels were not correlated with childhood adversity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baseline cortisol predicts earlier-onset PTSD only in the absence of childhood adversity, suggesting that developmental context modifies the prognostic significance of cortisol. Biological risk stratification for PTSD must consider developmental history and symptom onset timing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and effectiveness of the web‑based skills training START NOW in adolescents in residential youth care: a cluster randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Donja Brunner, Valentine Savary, David Bürgin, Linda Kersten, Janine Alfano, Nikki Rommers, Lelia Lanz, Chiara Chillà, Andreas Papageorgiou, Noortje Vriends, Christina Stadler","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01127-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13034-026-01127-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescents and young adults in residential youth care (RYC) face cumulated adversity and high emotional and behavioral problems yet face structural barriers that limit access to evidence-based mental health care. While digital tools promise scalability and flexibility, real-world implementation and effectiveness in vulnerable youth in institutional care remain understudied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of a newly developed web-based self-help or group-facilitated version of the START NOW intervention in a three-arm cluster-randomized control trial for youth in RYC in Switzerland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>164 adolescents and young adults (M = 16.6 years, SD = 1.5; 43.8% female) from 27 RYC institutions were enrolled in a 9-week self-help or group-facilitated START NOW intervention tested against treatment-as-usual (TAU). Psychological inflexibility was the primary outcome; secondary outcomes included trait resilience, well-being, self-efficacy, functional impairment, and distress. Surveys were administered at baseline, post-intervention, 3-, and 6-month follow-up. Primary analyses employed linear mixed models in an intention-to-treat approach imputing missing data to estimate treatment effects at 3-month follow up. The trial was registered: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05313581; 6th April 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The group-facilitated condition showed higher intervention compliance than the self-help help condition, over 50% of youth in the self-help group did not conduct a single session. Longitudinal follow‑up completion rates declined substantially, with only 37.8% providing data at T3 with the self-help group displaying the lowest levels (TAU 47.8%, 20.7% self-help, 48.3% facilitated group). No significant differences in psychological inflexibility or any secondary outcomes were found between study arms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In contrast to prior evidence from group-based START NOW interventions with more intensive facilitator support, the web-based START NOW adaptation evaluated in this found no evidence for additional benefits over TAU in RYC settings. Findings highlight critical implementation barriers to high attrition and missing data. Successful adoption of digital interventions in RYC require tailored, blended approaches with active facilitation and adaptive support structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticipated discrimination and suicidal behaviors among Black gay and bisexual male adolescents: the moderating role of developmental assets.","authors":"Donte T Boyd, Arielle H Sheftall","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01128-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13034-026-01128-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Black gay and bisexual male adolescents (BGBMA) face disproportionately high rates of suicidal behaviors, shaped by intersecting racial and sexual minority stressors. Anticipated discrimination-a future-oriented minority stressor-may be an important yet understudied correlate of suicidality in this population. Guided by the Developmental Assets Framework, this study examined whether internal developmental assets (positive identity, positive values, social competencies) mitigate the association between anticipated discrimination and suicidal behaviors among BGBMA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from 384 BGBMA aged 14-17 years residing in three Midwestern U.S. cities who completed an anonymous online Qualtrics survey between December 2023 and January 2024. Suicidal behaviors were assessed using a self-report adaptation of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Anticipated discrimination was measured with a nine-item subscale of the Intersectional Discrimination Index, and internal developmental assets were assessed with validated scales of positive identity, positive values, and social competencies. Linear regression models tested main effects of anticipated discrimination and internal assets on suicidal behaviors, followed by moderation analyses examining interaction terms between anticipated discrimination and each asset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher anticipated discrimination was significantly associated with greater suicidal behaviors (b = 0.46, p = 0.001). Positive identity (b = - 0.56, p < 0.001) and social competencies (b = - 0.78, p < 0.001) were each associated with lower suicidal behaviors. Two significant moderation effects emerged. Positive identity buffered the association between anticipated discrimination and suicidal behaviors (interaction b = - 0.23, p = 0.011); at high levels of positive identity, anticipated discrimination was no longer significantly associated with suicidal behaviors. In contrast, social competencies amplified the discrimination-suicidality association (interaction b = 0.49, p = 0.015), such that anticipated discrimination was most strongly related to suicidal behaviors at high levels of social competencies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Anticipated discrimination is a robust correlate of suicidal behaviors among BGBMA. Internal developmental assets do not function uniformly: positive identity appears protective, whereas higher social competencies may confer vulnerability under conditions of anticipated discrimination. Findings underscore the need for developmentally and culturally grounded suicide prevention strategies that both strengthen identity-related assets and address discrimination-related stress in Black gay and bisexual male adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicidal behaviour and resilience-related factors among adolescents in Poland and war-affected Western Ukraine.","authors":"Krzysztof Ostaszewski, Agnieszka Bielawska, Anna Borucka, Jakub Greń, Inna Haletska, Halyna Herasym, Larysa Klymanska, Milena Markiewicz, Iryna Mirchuk, Agnieszka Pisarska, Viktor Savka, Oksana Zelena, Maryna Klimanska","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01126-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13034-026-01126-0","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of the research was to verify compensatory and protective models of resilience [14, 27] , among adolescents from Poland and war-affected Ukraine. Guided by the socio-ecological model of resilience theory, we examined the relationship between several psychosocial risk and protective factors and suicidal behaviour among adolescents.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Data were collected via online self-report questionnaires in Autumn 2024 from 14 to 15 year olds in Western Ukraine (N = 2179) and Warsaw, the capital of Poland (N = 1154). The response rate achieved was 75% in Lviv, 73% in Drohobych and 70% in Warsaw. Suicidal behaviour was measured by a 3-item Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours scale adapted from the MINI Kid (Sheehan et al. 2010) (α = 0.87 - 0.90). Four groups of risk factors were examined: 1/ exposure to traumatic experiences, with a 9-item index, and victimization measured by two single questions; 2/ mental health problems (symptoms of depression measured by the shortened 4-item CES-D scale, non-suicidal self-injuries measured by a single question, problems of conduct measured with a 12-item index, problematic internet use measured with the Internet Disorder Scale - Short Form (IDS9-SF); 3/ substance use (alcohol, drug, cigarette and tranquiliser use, all measured with single questions); and 4/ personality characteristics that increase vulnerability (impulsiveness, measured by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-Brief (BIS-Brief), sensation seeking measured by a 6-item scale). Three groups of protective factors were also measured: 1/ parental/ familial (parental management, family relationships measured using the Brief Family Relationship Scale); 2/ school (school bonding measured with a 6-item scale, sense of safety at school measured by a single question); and 3/ individual (religiosity, measured by two single questions, individual physical activity measured by a single question, positive perception of the future, and five key aspects of positive youth development (connection, confidence, character, caring, competences), measured with the Positive Youth Development (PYD-VSF) scale. Hierarchical linear regression was conducted to test models of resilience.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Descriptive analyses showed that significantly more teenagers in Warsaw (Poland) than in Lviv and Drohobych (Ukraine) had suicidal thoughts in the past 12 months (33.6% vs. 14.7%), had at some time planned suicide (35.5% vs. 16.9%), and had at some time attempted suicide (17% vs. 7.2%). In both countries, suicidal behaviours were significantly more prevalent among girls than boys. Further analyses also showed that adolescents in Warsaw were more exposed to significant risk factors than their peers in Lviv and Drohobych and, conversely, that youth in Lviv and Drohobych were more strongly protected against these risks than those in Warsaw. Regression analysis indicated that traumatic experiences, victimization, dep","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13621684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148338169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality among adolescent and young adults in specialized substance use treatment: a Swedish register study.","authors":"Patrik Karlsson, Mats Ekendahl, Philip Lindner","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01125-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13034-026-01125-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with substance use problems have higher mortality risks than the general population. This study aimed to assess all-cause and specific-cause mortality among adolescents and young adults in specialized substance use treatment in Sweden, a largely overlooked group in the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A registry cohort was compiled of patients (13-25 years) who between 2011 and 2021 were in contact with Sweden's largest healthcare provider of adolescent substance use treatment, with mortality data covering the same period. Sex, migrant background, parental education, convictions and treatment variables were compiled from registries and included as predictors. We calculated crude mortality rates (CMRs) and estimated Cox regression models to explore the associations between the predictors and mortality. This also included testing for interactions between convictions and treatment variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 23,709 patients, 229 deaths were recorded, meaning that slightly less than 1% died during the follow-up window. The overall CMR was 1.68 deaths per 1000 person years (95% CI = 1.47-1.91), with differences across some predictors. In the fully adjusted Cox regression, significantly elevated mortality risks were observed among males (HR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.23-2.32), those who had received inpatient treatment (HR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.42-2.52), and those who had been convicted (HR = 2.64, 95%CI = 1.92-3.63). No significant difference in mortality risk was observed for migrant status, parental education, or number of outpatient visits in the fully adjusted models. Among convicted patients, more outpatient visits were related to a lower mortality risk (HR = 0.98, 95%CI = 0.98-0.99), whereas inpatient treatment was associated with a higher mortality risk (HR = 2.14, 95%CI = 1.13-4.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Almost one out of hundred patients died during the follow-up period, greatly exceeding the mortality rate in adolescents and young adults in the general Swedish population. The mortality risk varied according to sex, treatment experiences, and convictions, but not according to migrant background or parental education. In sum, we report a complex relation between convictions, treatment, and excess mortality among adolescents and young adults enrolled in specialized substance use treatment, signaling profound unmet clinical and social work needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13317170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148316045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INSPIRE: a pilot cluster randomised feasibility trial of a school-based mental health literacy programme for adolescents and parents in Indonesia.","authors":"Desy Indra Yani, Tan Ai Peng, Hung Chew Wong, Tor Phern Chern, Yong Shian Shawn Goh, Shefaly Shorey","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01085-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-026-01085-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This pilot study primarily aimed to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a cluster randomised controlled trial of the Integrated Network for Student Psychosocial Interventions, Resilience, and Education (INSPIRE) programme, including recruitment, retention, counsellor-led delivery, attendance, and completeness of outcome data. As a secondary aim, the study explored preliminary signals of change in adolescent mental health knowledge and related outcomes to inform the design of a future definitive trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two-centre, two-arm cluster randomised controlled pilot trial with pretest and posttest design. Adolescents aged 13-15 years and their parents were recruited from public junior high schools in West Java, Indonesia. Two schools were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups using a computer-generated sequence. The eight-week INSPIRE programme, delivered by a school counsellor, included three joint sessions with parents and two home-based activities. Feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, intervention fidelity, attendance, and outcome data completeness. Preliminary signals of change were described at baseline and 2‑month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recruitment achieved 74% of eligible adolescent-parent dyads (52/70). Retention was excellent, with 100% of adolescents and 96% of parents completing follow-up assessments, and outcome data were complete. Programme attendance was high (adolescents 91%; parents 79%), and the intervention was delivered as planned by a trained school counsellor, with minor scheduling adjustments for public holidays. Consistent with the primary feasibility objectives, indicators such as recruitment, retention, and delivery were favourable. As secondary findings, adolescents demonstrated preliminary signals of improvement in mental health knowledge and selected literacy domains. In contrast, parents showed gains in mental health knowledge and attitudes, with favourable trends in help-seeking attitudes observed across both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>INSPIRE demonstrated feasibility and acceptability, with preliminary signals supporting progression to a fully powered trial. The findings support its further evaluation in a fully powered cluster-randomised trial and its integration into school health programmes involving families and counsellors. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06942637).</p>","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148307217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Music therapy for mental health in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.","authors":"Zhiyong Zhang, Ming Ye, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01102-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13034-026-01102-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Child and adolescent mental disorders impose substantial individual and societal burdens. This study synthesized randomized evidence on the effects of music therapy on depressive and anxiety symptoms, self-esteem, and health-related quality of life in young people, and explored whether intervention characteristics were associated with variations in effect estimates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA 2020, this review was retrospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD420261382585). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched from inception to July 31, 2025, without language limits. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials enrolling participants aged 6 to 18 years; comparators were no treatment, waitlist, attention control, or usual care; the planned intervention duration was at least four weeks; and outcomes were validated continuous measures at end of treatment. Random-effects models with restricted maximum likelihood generated standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95 percent confidence intervals. Prespecified moderators included age group, session length, session frequency, program duration, and adherence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine trials (n = 690) met inclusion criteria. Music therapy reduced depressive symptoms versus controls (SMD - 0.55; 95% CI, - 0.71 to - 0.38) and improved self-esteem (SMD 0.45; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.64) and quality of life (SMD 0.69; 95% CI, 0.37 to 1.01). Two trials showed reduced anxiety (SMD - 0.42; 95% CI, - 0.75 to - 0.08). Exploratory subgroup analyses suggested larger effect estimates in younger children and in interventions with longer sessions, higher weekly frequency, longer duration, and higher adherence; however, these findings should be interpreted cautiously given the small number of trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Music therapy may offer meaningful benefits for youth mental health, although evidence for anxiety and quality of life is based on a limited number of studies. Findings related to age and intervention delivery characteristics should be considered exploratory and hypothesis-generating rather than evidence of causality or optimal dosing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13584578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148307201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health trajectories of children and adolescents up to 5 years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Viviane Richard, Elsa Lorthe, Roxane Dumont, Nicolas Bovio, Natalia B Fernandez, Mayssam Nehme, Rémy P Barbe, Klara M Posfay-Barbe, Idris Guessous, Silvia Stringhini","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01121-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13034-026-01121-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic had heterogeneous effects on the mental health of children and adolescents according to individual experiences, with some consequences persisting beyond the lifting of restrictions. We aimed to examine whether the perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with 2022-2025 trajectories of mental health difficulties in children and adolescents, and to identify associated risk and protective factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data was drawn from the population-based SEROCoV-KIDS cohort study conducted in Geneva, Switzerland. The multidimensional perceived impact of the pandemic, as well as potential socio-demographic, health, family, social, and behavioral risk and protective factors were parent-reported at baseline, in 2022. Mental health difficulties were collected annually between 2022 and 2025. Generalized mixed effects models were used to estimate mental health trajectories by pandemic impact, and to assess risk and protective factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1907 children aged 2-17 years, 9.3% and 7.9% had experienced a negative and positive pandemic impact, respectively, while most of them were not or minimally affected (82.8%). Compared to their unaffected peers, negatively impacted children had more mental health difficulties in 2022 (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34-1.70) and improving trends between 2022 and 2025 (IRR: 0.98; 95% CI 0.95-1.01). An average-to-poor financial situation was related to a milder mental health response to a negative impact in 2022 (IRR: 0.64; 95% CI 0.46-0.89). A positive pandemic impact tended to be associated with higher difficulties in 7-12 year old children in 2022 (IRR: 1.36; 95% CI 0.98-1.89), with stable trends over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>About 5 years after the onset of COVID-19, the lasting mental health difficulties presented by children with a negative perceived impact of the pandemic had largely improved. Although globally reassuring, these findings call for proactive measures to prevent such long-term consequences on youth mental health in the event of future crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13576257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the offense: clinical correlates of repeated incarceration among justice-involved male adolescents with substance use disorder.","authors":"Samet Can Demi̇rci̇, Ahmet Özaslan","doi":"10.1186/s13034-026-01124-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13034-026-01124-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examined whether repeated incarceration among justice-involved male adolescents with substance use disorder (SUD) reflects not only a legal consequence but also a marker of a more severe clinical risk profile. It also evaluated the roles of addiction severity, family criminal history, psychological resilience, and meaning in life in repeated incarceration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised 203 male adolescents with a history of substance use who were incarcerated in a closed correctional facility. Participants were classified as first-time incarcerated or repeatedly incarcerated. Addiction severity was assessed with the Addiction Profile Index for Adolescents, psychological resilience with the Brief Resilience Scale, and meaning in life with the Meaning in Life Questionnaire. Group differences were examined using chi-square tests and independent-samples t-tests, and independent predictors of repeated incarceration were analyzed with binary logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 32.5% of participants had a history of repeated incarceration. Compared with first-time incarcerated adolescents, this group showed greater addiction severity and lower psychological resilience and meaning in life, whereas age and offense type did not differ significantly. In binary logistic regression, the model was significant and explained 34.2% of the variance in repeated incarceration. Family history of crime was the strongest predictor, increasing the risk 5.20-fold. Higher addiction severity increased the likelihood of repeated incarceration, whereas meaning in life was protective. Age and psychological resilience were not independently significant in the multivariable model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Repeated incarceration may represent not merely a legal outcome, but a clinical indicator of greater addiction burden, adverse family context, and limited psychological protective resources. Rehabilitation should therefore extend beyond containment and address clinical severity, family functioning, and purpose-related psychological resources simultaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":9934,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13536646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}