Chinese Herbal Medicines最新文献

{"title":"DNA metabarcoding analysis of fungal community on surface of four root herbs","authors":"Yujie Dao,&nbsp;Jingsheng Yu,&nbsp;Meihua Yang,&nbsp;Jianping Han,&nbsp;Chune Fan,&nbsp;Xiaohui Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><em>Angelicae Sinensis Radix</em> (ASR, Danggui in Chinese), <em>Cistanches Herba</em> (CH, Roucongrong in Chinese), <em>Ginseng Radix</em> et <em>Rhizoma</em> (PG, Renshen in Chinese), and <em>Panacis Quinquefolii Radix</em> (PQ, Xiyangshen in Chinese), widely used as medicine and dietary supplement around the world, are susceptible to fungal and mycotoxin contamination. In this study, we aim to analyze their fungal community by DNA metabarcoding.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 12 root samples were collected from three main production areas in China. The samples were divided into four groups based on herb species, including ASR, CH, PG, and PQ groups. The fungal community on the surface of four root groups was investigated through DNA metabarcoding via targeting the internal transcribed spacer 2 region (ITS2).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All the 12 samples were detected with fungal contamination. <em>Rhizopus</em> (13.04%−74.03%), <em>Aspergillus</em> (1.76%−23.92%), and <em>Fusarium</em> (0.26%−15.27%) were the predominant genera. Ten important fungi were identified at the species level, including two potential toxigenic fungi (<em>Penicillium citrinum</em> and <em>P</em>. <em>oxalicum</em>) and eight human pathogenic fungi (<em>Alternaria infectoria</em>, <em>Candida sake</em>, <em>Hyphopichia burtonii</em>, <em>Malassezia globosa</em>, <em>M</em>. <em>restricta</em>, <em>Rhizopus arrhizus</em>, <em>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</em>, and <em>Ochroconis tshawytschae</em>). Fungal community in ASR and CH groups was significantly different from other groups, while fungal community in PG and PQ groups was relatively similar.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>DNA metabarcoding revealed the fungal community in four important root herbs. This study provided an important reference for preventing root herbs against fungal and mycotoxin contamination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 143-150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000461/pdfft?md5=a057dc5cad3ba0b1c38dea69ba691bd5&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000461-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47427595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gain deeper insights into traditional Chinese medicines using multidimensional chromatography combined with chemometric approaches","authors":"Xinyue Yang ,&nbsp;Pingping Zeng ,&nbsp;Jin Wen ,&nbsp;Chuanlin Wang ,&nbsp;Liangyuan Yao ,&nbsp;Min He","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) possess a rich historical background, unique theoretical framework, remarkable therapeutic efficacy, and abundant resources. However, the modernization and internationalization of TCMs have faced significant obstacles due to their diverse ingredients and unknown mechanisms. To gain deeper insights into the phytochemicals and ensure the quality control of TCMs, there is an urgent need to enhance analytical techniques. Currently, two-dimensional (2D) chromatography, which incorporates two independent separation mechanisms, demonstrates superior separation capabilities compared to the traditional one-dimensional (1D) separation system when analyzing TCMs samples. Over the past decade, new techniques have been continuously developed to gain actionable insights from complex samples. This review presents the recent advancements in the application of multidimensional chromatography for the quality evaluation of TCMs, encompassing 2D-gas chromatography (GC), 2D-liquid chromatography (LC), as well as emerging three-dimensional (3D)-GC, 3D-LC, and their associated data-processing approaches. These studies highlight the promising potential of multidimensional chromatographic separation for future phytochemical analysis. Nevertheless, the increased separation capability has resulted in higher-order data sets and greater demands for data-processing tools. Considering that multidimensional chromatography is still a relatively nascent research field, further hardware enhancements and the implementation of chemometric methods are necessary to foster its robust development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 27-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423001004/pdfft?md5=8922549bf8ef791e11211a87f5de8063&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423001004-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135764295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemoside B4 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Mingyue Xiao ,&nbsp;Ronghua Luo ,&nbsp;Qinghua Liang ,&nbsp;Honglv Jiang ,&nbsp;Yanli Liu ,&nbsp;Guoqiang Xu ,&nbsp;Hongwei Gao ,&nbsp;Yongtang Zheng ,&nbsp;Qiongming Xu ,&nbsp;Shilin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Anemoside B4 (AB4), the most abundant triterpenoidal saponin isolated from <em>Pulsatilla chinensis</em>, inhibited influenza virus FM1 or <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>-induced pneumonia. However, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect of AB4 has not been unraveled. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antiviral activity and potential mechanism of AB4 in inhibiting human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The cytotoxicity of AB4 was evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay. SARS-CoV-2 infected HEK293T, HPAEpiC, and Vero E6 cells were used for <em>in vitro</em> assays. The antiviral effect of AB4 <em>in vivo</em> was evaluated by SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2-IRES-luc transgenic mouse model. Furthermore, label-free quantitative proteomics and bioinformatic analysis were performed to explore the potential antiviral mechanism of action of AB4. Type I IFN signaling-associated proteins were assessed using Western blotting or immumohistochemical staining.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The data showed that AB4 reduced the propagation of SARS-CoV-2 along with the decreased Nucleocapsid protein (N), Spike protein (S), and 3C-like protease (3CLpro) in HEK293T cells. <em>In vivo</em> antiviral activity data revealed that AB4 inhibited viral replication and relieved pneumonia in a SARS-CoV-2 infected mouse model. We further disclosed that the antiviral activity of AB4 was associated with the enhanced interferon (IFN)-β response <em>via</em> the activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-1) like receptor (RLP) pathways. Additionally, label-free quantitative proteomic analyses discovered that 17 proteins were significantly altered by AB4 in the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infections cells. These proteins mainly clustered in RNA metabolism.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results indicated that AB4 inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication through the RLR pathways and moderated the RNA metabolism, suggesting that it would be a potential lead compound for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 106-112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423001089/pdfft?md5=a228a84cdfef70160b6bb41e1ac28864&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423001089-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138993115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jatonik polyherbal mixture induced rat liver MMPT pore opening in normal Wistar rat: In vitro and in vivo studies","authors":"Olabinri P. Folashade ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Damilare Boyenle ,&nbsp;Tolulope A. Oyedeji ,&nbsp;Fiyinfoluwa Demilade Ojeniyi ,&nbsp;Adisa Ayobami Damilare ,&nbsp;Leonard O. Ehigie ,&nbsp;Adeola Folasade Ehigie","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess acute toxicity, the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> effects of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts (JME and JEE) of Jatonik polyherbal mixture on some mitochondria-related parameters and their effect on the activity of some liver enzymes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Acute toxicity of JME and JEE was determined using Lorke’s method. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (MMPT pore) was spectrophotometrically assayed. Production of malondialdehyde (MDA) as an index of lipid peroxidation and the activity of mitochondrial ATPase was evaluated <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> and the effect of JME and JEE on the activity of liver enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was also investigated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>JME had an LD₅₀ of 3 808 mg/kg b.w whereas JEE had an LD₅₀ greater than 5 000 mg/kg b.w. of rats. After the rats have been fed with both extracts, a photomicrograph of a piece of liver tissue showed no apparent symptoms of toxicity. From the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies, both extracts prompted intact mitochondria to open their MMPT pores. When compared to the control, lipid peroxide product release and ATPase activity were significantly increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. The activities of AST, ALT, and GGT were all reduced at 50 mg/kg when treated with JME, but the activity of AST was considerably enhanced when treated with JEE (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The results revealed that both JME and JEE of the Jatonik polyherbal mixture had low toxicity, profound MMPTpore induction, and enhanced ATPase activity, but an increased MDA production.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Jatonik extracts may be a promising target for drug development in diseases where there is dysregulation of apoptosis, however, further studies are needed to better clarify the molecular mechanism involved in these phenomena.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000989/pdfft?md5=f893ba38ab811e15ba73fa8ad1886576&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000989-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135809730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, characterization and modulatory potentials of β-stigmasterol, ergosterol and xylopic acid from Anchomanes difformis on mitochondrial permeability transition pore in vitro","authors":"Kehinde Oluseun Sodeinde ,&nbsp;Akinwunmi Oluwaseun Adeoye ,&nbsp;Adedeji Adesipo ,&nbsp;Adebayo A. Adeniyi ,&nbsp;John Adeolu Falode ,&nbsp;Tajudeen Olabisi Obafemi ,&nbsp;Samuel Olalekan Olusanya ,&nbsp;Linette Twigge ,&nbsp;Jeanet Conradie ,&nbsp;Timothy O. Mosaku","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Secondary metabolites and polyphenolic compounds from medicinal plants have been demonstrated to have multiple biological functions with promising research and development prospects. This study examined the effect of <em>β</em>-stigmasterol (with ergosterol) and xylopic acid isolated from <em>Anchomanes difformis</em> on liver mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The compounds were isolated by vacuum liquid chromatography. Mitochondrial swelling was assessed as changes in absorbance under succinate-energized conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopic elucidation of the isolates affirmed the presence of <em>β</em>-stigmasterol with ergosterol (1:0.3) and xylopic acid. The isolates reversed the increase in lipid peroxidation and inhibited the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores caused by calcium and glucose. Pharmacological inhibition of mPTP offers a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of mitochondrial-associated disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Reduction in the activity of calcium ATPase and the expression of Caspase-3 and −9 were observed, suggesting that they could play a role in protecting physicochemical properties of membrane bilayers from free radical-induced severe cellular damage and be useful in the management of diseases where much apoptosis occurs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 533-541"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000709/pdfft?md5=8756c81ae21b161363cbb5e50eb810a4&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000709-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41837347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese medicines for non-small cell lung cancer: Therapies and mechanisms","authors":"Fanming Kong ,&nbsp;Chaoran Wang ,&nbsp;Linlin Zhao ,&nbsp;Dongying Liao ,&nbsp;Xiaoqun Wang ,&nbsp;Binxu Sun ,&nbsp;Peiying Yang ,&nbsp;Yingjie Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The most common subtype of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which has a poor prognosis and seriously threatens the health of human beings. The multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment model has gradually become the mainstream of NSCLC treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can be used effectively either as an adjunctive therapy or alone throughout the NSCLC therapy, which has a significant impact on survival, quality of life, and reduction of toxicity. Therefore, this paper reviewed the theoretical basis, the latest clinical application, and combined treatment mechanisms in order to explore the advantage stage of TCM treatment and the synergistic therapeutic mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 509-515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000801/pdfft?md5=5434f1a1ba99a76b699a5118c81accfc&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000801-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135389737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mangiferin alleviates renal inflammatory injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats by inhibiting MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway","authors":"Xiaoqin Hu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiagang Deng ,&nbsp;Zhengcai Du ,&nbsp;Xuewen Zeng ,&nbsp;Bei Zhou ,&nbsp;Erwei Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2022.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2022.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Hypertension is a low-grade inflammation state of the disease and was easily complicated by kidneys’ inflammatory response. Mangiferin (MGF), a pharmacologically active compound in various plants including <em>Mangifera indica</em>, has a strong anti-inflammatory activity. However, the effects of MGF on renal inflammatory injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of MGF on renal inflammatory injury in SHRs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>MGF was used in SHRs at the doses of 10, 20, 40 mg/kg/d for 8 weeks consecutively. The blood and urine were collected for assessment of renal function. Renal tissues were collected for histological, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, Western blot and real time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and recombinant chemokine C-C-Motif receptor 2 (CCR2) were increased in SHRs, meanwhile, the level of IL-10 was decreased in SHR. Treatment of MGF inhibited the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1 and CCR2, and promoted the expression of IL-10. Furthermore, the content of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum uric acid (SUA) was significantly increased in the model group, and treatment of MGF had no obvious effects on these parameters at all dose levels.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study proved that the kidneys of SHRs had significant inflammatory injury, and MGF had the protective effects on renal inflammatory injury in SHRs; The protective mechanism may be mediated partly by the MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway. Thus, it is a potential new drug for the treatment of hypertension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 556-563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000278/pdfft?md5=6707013f79dfd6787a740f507142ff9d&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000278-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41797119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant and antiarthritic potential of berberine: In vitro and in vivo studies","authors":"Shweta Jain ,&nbsp;Shalini Tripathi ,&nbsp;Pushpendra Kumar Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To extract and isolate berberine from <em>Berberis aristata</em> (Berberidaceae). Isolated berberine was characterised using spectroscopy and its antioxidant and antiarthritic activity was analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The berberine was isolated from <em>B. aristata</em> using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and characterised by a spectroscopic technique. The isolated berberine was evaluated for its antioxidant activity in DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide scavenging assays, while antiarthritic activity was evaluated in the complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis rat model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The antioxidant activity of berberine revealed potent antioxidant activity in DPPH, nitric oxide, and superoxide scavenging assays. The <em>in vivo</em> antiarthritic activity of berberine in the CFA-induced arthritis rat model showed a significant reduction in paw diameter, arthritic score, and an increase in body weight. Furthermore, a concentration-dependent ameliorating action of berberine on haematological parameters was noticed. Proinflammatory biomarkers, including IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-b in serum were reported, and histopathology examination revealed that berberine decreased pannus formation, synovial hyperplasia, and bone erosion. Radiographic investigation showed soft tissue inflammation, bone resorption and erosion, joint gap reduction, and substantial connective tissue expansion after treatment with berberine.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The ameliorating action on haematological parameters and proinflammatory biomarkers of berberine makes them a suitable remedy for the treatment of arthritis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 549-555"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000795/pdfft?md5=1f604152a56a0220550eaadbd512354d&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000795-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative quantitative analysis of fruit oil from Hippophae rhamnoides (seabuckthorn) by qNMR, FTIR and GC–MS","authors":"Dattatraya Dinkar Gore ,&nbsp;Furkan Ahmad ,&nbsp;Kulbhushan Tikoo ,&nbsp;Arvind Kumar Bansal ,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Inder Pal Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To develop a qNMR method for quantitative analysis of triacylglycerols in fruit oil of <em>Hippophae rhamnoides</em> (seabuckthorn, SBT) and analyze commercial samples of SBT oils using GC–MS and FTIR.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>SBT fruit oil (IPHRFH) was extracted with hexane and the triglyceride (TAG) was isolated by vacuum liquid chromatography. Six different branded SBT oils purchased from e-commerce suppliers (Amazon) and in-house prepared SBT oil was analyzed by qNMR and fatty acyl composition of TAGs determined by using NMR. In-house oil was also analysed by GC–MS and FTIR spectroscopy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The qNMR results showed that the oil contained 80.3% of triacylglycerol (TAG). The SBT oil TAGs comprised of linolenate 6.6%, palmitoleate/oleate 65.4%, and total saturated fatty acyl chain including palmitate 28% as determined by qNMR. GC–MS analysis revealed that the major acyl functionalities present in the TAG were palmitoleic acid 36.5%, oleic acid 12.9%, palmitic acid 21.2%, and linoleic acid 18%. Of the six commercial samples analyzed, samples from only one supplier (SW) were fruit oil; All others were the seed oils or mix of fruit oil and seed oil. The labels for samples except for the SW did not indicate whether it was fruit oil or seed oil.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results suggest that SBT oil should be analyzed by combination of GC–MS, FTIR and qNMR for factual content of free fatty acid or TAGs, which are chemically different in nature and affect the quality of oil. GC–MS showed the content of omega free fatty acids after hydrolysis, while qNMR and FTIR showed the content of TAGs. The major acyl functionalities found in SBT fruit oil TAGs are palmitoleate/palmitate/oleate, while linoleate and linonelate make up a minor fraction. Furthermore, analysis of commercial samples showed discrepancies between label claims and actual content.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 607-613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000825/pdfft?md5=efd14233176aa7b13ccb96d3195b9ebd&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000825-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scutellarin alleviates liver injury in type 2 diabetic mellitus by suppressing hepatocyte apoptosis in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Xiaoming Fan ,&nbsp;Yiyu Wang ,&nbsp;Xifan Li ,&nbsp;Taiqing Zhong ,&nbsp;Chunlan Cheng ,&nbsp;Yunfei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Scutellarin is a primary active composition come from <em>Erigeron<!--> <!-->breviscapus</em>. It is well known that scutellarin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant physiological functions. In this study, we detected the effects of scutellarin on hepatocyte cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Sprague Dawley (SD) (6–8 weeks, 160–180 g) rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, model, scutellarin low-dose, medium-dose, high-dose treatment, and rosiglitazone positive groups; with 10 SD rats in each group (<em>n</em> = 10). The changes of biochemical factors in serum were detected by automatic biochemical instrument, the pathological changes of liver tissue were detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, the apoptosis of liver tissue and cells was detected by tissue staining and flow analyzer, and the expression of apoptosis-related factors were determined by qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry in liver tissues or cells.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that scutellarin decreased the levels of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein and increased the levels of high-density lipoprotein. Meanwhile, scutellarin decreased the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and improved liver function. In addition, scutellarin suppressed the secretion of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and reduced hepatocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, scutellarin inhibited the expression of cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, and cytochrome C (Cyt-C) and promoted the expression of Bcl-2.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Scutellarin can inhibit the apoptotic pathway, thereby relieving T2DM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 542-548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000771/pdfft?md5=28cb6954eb5690e77db3eb678d0f9048&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000771-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47961688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}