Chinese Journal of Cancer Research最新文献

{"title":"Myeloid cells meet CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion in cancer: What, why and how.","authors":"Yijie Zhai, Xiaoting Liang, Mi Deng","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.04","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exhausted T cell (Tex) is a specific state of T cell dysfunction, in which these T cells gradually lose their effector function and change their phenotype during chronic antigen stimulation. The enrichment of exhausted CD8⁺ T cell (CD8⁺ Tex) in the tumor microenvironment is one of the important reasons leading to the poor efficacy of immunotherapy. Recent studies have reported many reasons leading to the CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion. In addition to cancer cells, myeloid cells can also contribute to T cell exhaustion via many ways. In this review, we discuss the history of the concept of exhaustion, CD8⁺ T cell dysfunction states, the heterogeneity, origin, and characteristics of CD8⁺ Tex. We then focus on the effects of myeloid cells on CD8⁺ Tex, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells (DCs) and neutrophils. Finally, we systematically summarize current strategies and recent advancements in therapies reversing and CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"616-651"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in gastric cancer treatment in 2024: Key breakthroughs and emerging trends.","authors":"Jingtao Wei, Zhaode Bu","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.02","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"592-595"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty acid metabolism: A new target for nasopharyngeal carcinoma therapy.","authors":"Juan Li, Pengbin Ping, Yanhua Li, Xiaoying Xu","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.05","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipid metabolic reprogramming is considered one of the most prominent metabolic abnormalities in cancer, and fatty acid metabolism is a key aspect of lipid metabolism. Recent studies have shown that fatty acid metabolism and its related lipid metabolic pathways play important roles in the malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). NPC cells adapt to harsh environments by enhancing biological processes such as fatty acid metabolism, uptake, production, and oxidation, thereby accelerating their growth. In addition, the reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism plays a central role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of NPC, and the phenotypic transformation of immune cells is closely related to fatty acid metabolism. Moreover, the reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism in NPC contributes to immune escape, which significantly affects disease treatment, progression, recurrence, and metastasis. This review explores recent advances in fatty acid metabolism in NPC and focuses on the interconnections among metabolic reprogramming, tumor immunity, and corresponding therapies. In conclusion, fatty acid metabolism represents a potential target for NPC treatment, and further exploration is needed to develop strategies that target the interaction between fatty acid metabolic reprogramming and immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"652-668"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota and urinary tumor immunity: Mechanisms, therapeutic implications, and future perspectives.","authors":"Dengxiong Li, Ruicheng Wu, Qingxin Yu, Zhouting Tuo, Jie Wang, Koo Han Yoo, Wuran Wei, Yubo Yang, Luxia Ye, Yiqing Guo, Premkamon Chaipanichkul, Uzoamaka Adaobi Okoli, Toryn M Poolman, Jeremy P Burton, William C Cho, Susan Heavey, Dechao Feng","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.03","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"596-615"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in systematic therapy of breast cancer: Chinese contribution for international progress.","authors":"Yan Wang, Binghe Xu","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.01","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"587-591"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive role of <i>DICER1</i> mutations in distant metastatic thyroid cancer.","authors":"Cong Shi, Zhuanzhuan Mu, Wenting Guo, Xin Zhang, Di Sun, Yuqing Sun, Hao Wang, Dingding Zhang, Jun Liang, Yansong Lin","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.08","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the clinical significance of <i>DICER1</i> mutations in patients with distant metastatic follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer (FDTC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 310 Chinese patients with distant metastatic FDTC. We analyzed the interactions between <i>DICER1</i> mutations and other gene alterations and compared the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with pathogenic (P) or likely pathogenic (LP) <i>DICER1</i> mutations (n=9), other gene alterations (n=253), and no gene alterations (n=37). To compare FDTCs with different drivers, isolated <i>BRAFV600E</i>, <i>RAS</i> mutations, and <i>RET</i> fusions were compared with isolated <i>DICER1</i> mutations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of <i>DICER1</i> mutations was 6.5% (20/310) in the patient cohort. Among patients with <i>DICER1</i> mutations, 45% (9/20) harbored P or LP <i>DICER1</i> variants and 55% (11/20) harbored <i>DICER1</i> variants of uncertain significance (VUS). The coexistence of <i>DICER1</i> mutations and other gene alterations was detected in 65% (13/20) of patients. Compared with VUS, P or LP <i>DICER1</i> variants were almost mutually exclusive with early driver alterations (such as <i>BRAFV600E</i>) (11.1% <i>vs.</i> 81.8%, P=0.002) and more coexisted with late-hit events, particularly <i>TP53</i> mutations (44.4% <i>vs.</i> 27.3%, P=0.642). Clinically, compared with the no alteration and other alteration groups, the <i>DICER1</i> mutation group exhibited larger primary tumors, higher poorly differentiated thyroid cancer proportion, more extrathyroidal extension, more extrapulmonary metastases, and higher radioactive iodine-refractory proportion (all P<0.05). Cases with isolated <i>DICER1</i> mutations differed from those with isolated <i>BRAFV600E</i> and <i>RET</i> fusions in terms of tumor size, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer proportion, and metastatic sites, but were similar to cases with isolated <i>RAS</i> mutations in the high proportion of follicular thyroid cancer, N0, and extrapulmonary metastases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mutation of <i>DICER1</i> gene is a non-negligible molecular event and it may represent an aggressive subset of FDTCs. <i>DICER1</i> has <i>RAS</i>-like clinical characteristics and <i>DICER1</i>-mutant tumors exhibit more aggressive clinical behaviors compared with those with <i>BRAFV600E</i> and <i>RET</i> fusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"700-712"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HER2-low status improves prognosis prediction in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment: A comparison of pathological stage, modified CPS+EG scoring system, and Neo-Bioscore.","authors":"Yujie Lu, Siji Zhu, Chenghui Wu, Xiaochun Fei, Kunwei Shen, Xiaosong Chen","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.10","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the prognosis-predictive influence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low status in breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent NAT and surgery from January 2009 to December 2020 at multiple centers were included. A modified CPS+EG scoring system that integrates HER2-low status, CPS+EGH_low was developed. Multiple scoring systems were compared via receiver operating characteristic curves with the area under curve (AUC), the Akaike information criterion, the C-index, and calibration curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,141 patients were included: 1,074, 640, and 427 patients in the training, internal validation, and external validation groups, respectively. HER2-low patients had a significantly better breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS, P=0.008) and recurrence-free interval (RFI, P=0.030) compared to HER2-zero patients (P=0.038) but inferior outcomes than HER2-amplified ones (BCSS, P=0.002; RFI, P<0.001). The CPS+EGH_low (AUC: 0.846, 0.817, 0.901) could stratify patients according to BCSS in training, internal validation, and external validation group, respectively, overperforming pathological stage (PS) (AUC: 0.746, 0.779, 0.754), CPS+EG (AUC: 0.771, 0.752, 0.748), and Neo-Bioscore (AUC: 0.783, 0.777, 0.786, all P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HER2-low status showed a significant prognostic value in breast cancer patients after NAT. The CPS+EGH_low model significantly outperformed PS, CPS+EG, and Neo-Bioscore in clinical outcome prediction, which may guide further therapy targeting HER2-low.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"729-741"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer, 1990<b>-</b>2021: An analysis from global burden of disease study 2021.","authors":"Jiachen Wang, Siyi He, Mengdi Cao, Yi Teng, Qianru Li, Nuopei Tan, Yujie Wu, Tingting Zuo, Tianyi Li, Yuanjie Zheng, Changfa Xia, Wanqing Chen","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.12","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Data on the global, regional and national changes in the trends of colorectal cancer (CRC) are analyzed to understand the trends in its burden, in order to assist policymakers in allocating healthcare resources and developing prevention and control strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for CRC from 1990 to 2021 using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. The trends of burden and effectiveness of control strategies were assessed using jointpoint regression analysis, decomposition analysis and frontier analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, the ASMR and age-standardized DALYs for CRC have shown a declining trend, but the ASIR was still increasing. The number of new cases of CRC in 2021 was higher in males than in females, the values were 1,263.46 thousands [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1,146.50, 1,400.38] <i>vs</i>. 930.68 thousands (95% CI: 824.67, 1,017.65). The change in DALYs was mainly due to population growth (111.42%). The high socio-demographic index (SDI) region had an ASIR of 40.52 (95% CI: 37.45, 42.45), and the low SDI region had an ASIR of 7.39 (95% CI: 6.65, 8.19). The ASIR for CRC showed an upward trend in all SDI regions before age of 40 years. Among the four world regions, only America showed a downward trend in ASIR, with an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of -0.62 (95% CI: -0.71, -0.53). Among the 204 countries and territories, Netherlands, Monaco, and Bermuda were the top 3 countries with the highest ASIR in 2021. In the frontier analysis of DALYs, the 10 countries with the longest effective distances all had SDI levels above 0.70.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although ASMR and age-standardized DALYs are declining, ASIR is still increasing globally and in many regions. The burden of CRC varies significantly across the globe, and more targeted screening strategies and prevention measures are needed to address the problem of CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"752-767"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intratumor microbiota and colorectal cancer: Comprehensive and lucid review.","authors":"Zhen Zong, Wenjuan Zeng, Yin Li, Menghui Wang, Yuke Cao, Xifu Cheng, Zhenhua Jin, Shengxun Mao, Xingen Zhu","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.07","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a key component of tumor microenvironment, the microbiota has gradually played a key role in cancer research. Particularly in colorectal cancer, the specific population of microbiota within the tumor shows a strong association with the tumor type. Although the existence and potential role of microbiota in tumors have been recognized, the specific associations between the microbiota and tumor tissue and the mechanism of action still need to be further explored. This paper reviews the discovery, origin, and emerging role of the intratumor microbiota in the immune microenvironment and systematically outlines the oncogenic and metastasis-promoting strategies of the intratumor microbiota. Moreover, it comprehensively and holistically evaluates therapeutic strategies and prognostic performance on the basis of the intratumor microbiota, with the goal of providing strong support for future research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"683-699"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of visceral obesity on outcomes of fluorescence-guided lymphadenectomy during laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: <i>Post hoc</i> analysis of a randomized phase 3 trial.","authors":"Yihui Tang, Zening Huang, Xingqi Zhang, Ping Li, Jianwei Xie, Jiabin Wang, Qiyue Chen, Longlong Cao, Mi Lin, Ruhong Tu, Guangtan Lin, Hualong Zheng, Qing Zhong, Juli Lin, Zihao Yao, Dong Wu, Chaohui Zheng, Jianxian Lin, Changming Huang","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.05.04","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.05.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the impact of visceral fat area (VFA) on the short- and long-term efficacy of indocyanine green (ICG)-guided D2 lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer (GC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A <i>post hoc</i> analysis was performed in patients who participated in a phase 3 randomized clinical trial of ICG-guided laparoscopic radical gastrectomy <i>vs.</i> conventional laparoscopic radical gastrectomy from November 2018 to July 2019. The VFA was calculated based on preoperative computed tomography images. Short-term efficacy included the quality of lymph node (LN) dissection and surgical outcomes, while long-term efficacy included overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 126 patients each in the ICG (high-VFA, n=43) and non-ICG groups (high-VFA, n=38). Compared with the non-ICG group, the ICG group had significantly more retrieved LNs (low-VFA: 50.1 <i>vs.</i> 43.9, P=0.001; high-VFA: 49.6 <i>vs.</i> 37.5, P<0.001) and a significantly lower LN noncompliance rate (low-VFA: 32.5% <i>vs.</i> 50.0%, P=0.020; high-VFA: 32.6% <i>vs.</i> 73.7%, P<0.001), regardless of the VFA. The ICG group had a shorter postoperative hospital stay and fewer intra-abdominal infections than the ICG group in the high-VFA patients (P=0.025 and P=0.020, respectively) but not in the low-VFA patients. Regardless of the VFA, the 3-year OS (RFS) was better in the ICG group than in the non-ICG group [low-VFA: 83.1% (76.9%) <i>vs.</i> 73.9% (67.0%); high-VFA: 90.7% (90.7%) <i>vs</i>. 73.7% (73.5%); P for interaction =0.474 (0.547)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The short- and long-term efficacies of ICG tracing were not influenced by visceral obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 5","pages":"503-516"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11555203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}