Chinese Journal of Cancer Research最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy, safety, and multi-omics analysis of pembrolizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel and platinum as first-line treatment in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A single-arm phase 2 study.","authors":"Lin Gui, Xinrui Chen, Wen Zhang, Zucheng Xie, Yu Zhang, Weihua Li, Tongji Xie, Jiarui Yao, Haohua Zhu, Le Tang, Jianliang Yang, Peng Liu, Yan Qin, Changgong Zhang, Xiaohui He, Yuankai Shi","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.09","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Based on the findings of the KEYNOTE-048 study, pembrolizumab in combination with platinum and fluorouracil is the standard first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). The efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel and platinum in such patients remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-arm phase 2 study enrolled patients with R/M HNSCC who received pembrolizumab (200 mg), nab-paclitaxel (260 mg/m²), and either cisplatin (75 mg/m²) or carboplatin [area under the curve (AUC) 5] every 21 d for up to six cycles, followed by pembrolizumab maintenance therapy. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), duration of response (DoR), overall survival (OS), and safety. Exploratory multi-omics analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between April 23, 2021, and August 20, 2023, a total of 67 patients with R/M HNSCC were enrolled and received the study treatment. By the data cut-off date of March 2, 2024, 62 (92.5%) patients had received cisplatin, while five (7.5%) patients had received carboplatin. The median follow-up duration was 12.7 (range: 2.3-34.8) months. The ORR was 62.7%, and the DCR was 88.1%. The median PFS, DoR, and OS were 9.7, 13.0, and 18.7 months, respectively. The most common grade 3 adverse events (AEs) were leukopenia (22.4%) and neutropenia (28.4%). Genomic alterations correlated with efficacy outcomes, and dynamic changes in 17 plasma proteins were associated with treatment response. Upregulation of serum interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL) 8 levels was linked to treatment-related AEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pembrolizumab in combination with nab-paclitaxel and platinum demonstrated promising efficacy and a manageable safety profile in patients with R/M HNSCC. Future studies are warranted to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"713-728"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National validation of laparoscopic approach for locally advanced gastric cancer: Comparison of a randomized controlled trial and real-world practice results.","authors":"Bang Wool Eom, Mira Han, Hong Man Yoon, Woo Jin Hyung, Han-Kwang Yang, Young-Kyu Park, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Ji Yeong An, Wook Kim, Hyoung-Il Kim, Hyung-Ho Kim, Seung Wan Ryu, Hoon Hur, Min-Chan Kim, Seong-Ho Kong, Gyu Seok Cho, Jin-Jo Kim, Do Joong Park, Young-Woo Kim, Jong Won Kim, Joo-Ho Lee, Sang-Uk Han, Keun Won Ryu, The Information Committee Of The Korean Gastric Cancer Association","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.11","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The laparoscopic approach for locally advanced gastric cancer has recently been adopted based on the results of several randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, findings from RCTs have not been examined at the national level. This study aimed to investigate the external validity of the Korean Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study-02 (KLASS-02) trial involving 13 tertiary hospitals, using data from the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA)-led nationwide survey involving 68 tertiary or general hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on patients who underwent laparoscopic or open distal gastrectomy for pathological stage IB-IIIC gastric cancer under the same conditions were collected from the KLASS-02 trial and the KGCA nationwide survey datasets. Surgical outcomes were assessed for each dataset and multivariable analyses were performed to examine the effect of the laparoscopic approach on surgical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The laparoscopic group had a lower overall complication rate than the open group in both KLASS-02 and KGCA datasets (16.1% <i>vs</i>. 23.5% for the KLASS-02 and 12.6% <i>vs</i>. 19.6% for the KGCA). Moreover, the laparoscopic group had fewer wound problems, and fewer grade II, IIIa, and IV complications than the open group in the KGCA data (0.8% <i>vs</i>. 3.4%, 5.8% <i>vs</i>. 10.4%, 2.3% <i>vs</i>. 3.7%, and 0.5% <i>vs</i>. 1.4%, respectively), which were not observed in the KLASS-02 data. Multivariable analyses revealed that the laparoscopic approach was not associated with overall complications, but reduced wound problems and more harvested lymph nodes in the KGCA survey data (adjusted odds ratios, 0.19 for wound problems, adjusted β coefficient 4.39 for number of harvested lymph nodes), which were not shown in the KLASS-02 data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The safety and feasibility of the laparoscopic approach for locally advanced gastric cancer were validated at a national level. The laparoscopic approach for locally advanced gastric cancer can be implemented in the Republic of Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"742-751"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term survival outcomes of laparoscopic surgery in patients with colorectal cancer: A propensity score matching retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Ruoxi Tian, Jiyun Li, Fei Huang, Pu Cheng, Mandoula Bao, Liming Zhao, Zhaoxu Zheng","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.13","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) surgeries can be performed using either laparoscopic or open laparotomy approaches. However, the long-term outcomes based on tumor location and age remain unclear. This study compared the long-term outcomes of laparoscopic and laparotomy surgeries in patients with CRC, focusing on tumor location and age to identify suitable subgroups and determine an optimal cut-off age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 2,014 patients with CRC who underwent radical surgery. Patients were categorized into laparoscopy and laparotomy groups, and propensity score matching (PSM) was performed. Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank tests, and Cox regression models were used to identify the independent factors affecting overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis results before PSM indicated higher OS in the laparoscopy group (P=0.035); however, it was no significant difference in mean OS between the two groups after PSM analysis. Cox regression analysis identified several factors influencing the OS of patients with CRC, with age, T stage, nodal involvement, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, ascites, preoperative intestinal obstruction, and local tumor spread as independent risk factors. Family history was a protective factor [hazard ratio (HR)=0.33; 95% CI, 0.16-0.68; P=0.002], and the surgical modality did not independently affect OS. The subgroup analysis highlighted the advantages of laparoscopic surgery in specific subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, laparoscopic and laparotomy surgeries resulted in similar mid- and long-term prognoses for patients with CRC. Laparoscopic surgery showed better outcomes in specific subgroups, particularly in patients aged >60 years and in those with right-sided colon carcinoma. This study suggests that age >64 years might be the optimal cut-off age for laparoscopic surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"768-780"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of lysine-specific demethylase 1 in immunotherapy of gastric cancer: An update.","authors":"Yongjing Ren, Yanan Gong, Huan Zhao, Duo You, Zhifei Li, Sai-Qi Wang, Xiaobing Chen","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.06","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer (GC) ranks 3rd in incidence rate and mortality rate among malignant tumors in China, and the age-standardized five-year net survival rate of patients with GC was 35.9% from 2010 to 2014. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), which includes T cells, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells and B cells, significantly affects tumor progression, immunosuppression and drug resistance in patients with GC. In recent years, immunotherapy has become the first-line or second-line treatment for GC. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, also known as KDM1A) was the first identified human histone demethylase, and high expression of LSD1 in GC is closely related to the dysfunction of the above types of immune cells. Therefore, LSD1 inhibitors could regulate the cytotoxic effects of immune cells against tumor cells through a variety of mechanisms to control tumor progression. In this review, we discuss the effects of LSD1 inhibitors on immune cells in GC and propose LSD1 as a new potential target for immunotherapy in GC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"669-682"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myeloid cells meet CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion in cancer: What, why and how.","authors":"Yijie Zhai, Xiaoting Liang, Mi Deng","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.04","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exhausted T cell (Tex) is a specific state of T cell dysfunction, in which these T cells gradually lose their effector function and change their phenotype during chronic antigen stimulation. The enrichment of exhausted CD8⁺ T cell (CD8⁺ Tex) in the tumor microenvironment is one of the important reasons leading to the poor efficacy of immunotherapy. Recent studies have reported many reasons leading to the CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion. In addition to cancer cells, myeloid cells can also contribute to T cell exhaustion via many ways. In this review, we discuss the history of the concept of exhaustion, CD8⁺ T cell dysfunction states, the heterogeneity, origin, and characteristics of CD8⁺ Tex. We then focus on the effects of myeloid cells on CD8⁺ Tex, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells (DCs) and neutrophils. Finally, we systematically summarize current strategies and recent advancements in therapies reversing and CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"616-651"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in gastric cancer treatment in 2024: Key breakthroughs and emerging trends.","authors":"Jingtao Wei, Zhaode Bu","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.02","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"592-595"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty acid metabolism: A new target for nasopharyngeal carcinoma therapy.","authors":"Juan Li, Pengbin Ping, Yanhua Li, Xiaoying Xu","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.05","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipid metabolic reprogramming is considered one of the most prominent metabolic abnormalities in cancer, and fatty acid metabolism is a key aspect of lipid metabolism. Recent studies have shown that fatty acid metabolism and its related lipid metabolic pathways play important roles in the malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). NPC cells adapt to harsh environments by enhancing biological processes such as fatty acid metabolism, uptake, production, and oxidation, thereby accelerating their growth. In addition, the reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism plays a central role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of NPC, and the phenotypic transformation of immune cells is closely related to fatty acid metabolism. Moreover, the reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism in NPC contributes to immune escape, which significantly affects disease treatment, progression, recurrence, and metastasis. This review explores recent advances in fatty acid metabolism in NPC and focuses on the interconnections among metabolic reprogramming, tumor immunity, and corresponding therapies. In conclusion, fatty acid metabolism represents a potential target for NPC treatment, and further exploration is needed to develop strategies that target the interaction between fatty acid metabolic reprogramming and immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"652-668"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota and urinary tumor immunity: Mechanisms, therapeutic implications, and future perspectives.","authors":"Dengxiong Li, Ruicheng Wu, Qingxin Yu, Zhouting Tuo, Jie Wang, Koo Han Yoo, Wuran Wei, Yubo Yang, Luxia Ye, Yiqing Guo, Premkamon Chaipanichkul, Uzoamaka Adaobi Okoli, Toryn M Poolman, Jeremy P Burton, William C Cho, Susan Heavey, Dechao Feng","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.03","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"596-615"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in systematic therapy of breast cancer: Chinese contribution for international progress.","authors":"Yan Wang, Binghe Xu","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.01","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"587-591"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive role of <i>DICER1</i> mutations in distant metastatic thyroid cancer.","authors":"Cong Shi, Zhuanzhuan Mu, Wenting Guo, Xin Zhang, Di Sun, Yuqing Sun, Hao Wang, Dingding Zhang, Jun Liang, Yansong Lin","doi":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.08","DOIUrl":"10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the clinical significance of <i>DICER1</i> mutations in patients with distant metastatic follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer (FDTC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 310 Chinese patients with distant metastatic FDTC. We analyzed the interactions between <i>DICER1</i> mutations and other gene alterations and compared the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with pathogenic (P) or likely pathogenic (LP) <i>DICER1</i> mutations (n=9), other gene alterations (n=253), and no gene alterations (n=37). To compare FDTCs with different drivers, isolated <i>BRAFV600E</i>, <i>RAS</i> mutations, and <i>RET</i> fusions were compared with isolated <i>DICER1</i> mutations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of <i>DICER1</i> mutations was 6.5% (20/310) in the patient cohort. Among patients with <i>DICER1</i> mutations, 45% (9/20) harbored P or LP <i>DICER1</i> variants and 55% (11/20) harbored <i>DICER1</i> variants of uncertain significance (VUS). The coexistence of <i>DICER1</i> mutations and other gene alterations was detected in 65% (13/20) of patients. Compared with VUS, P or LP <i>DICER1</i> variants were almost mutually exclusive with early driver alterations (such as <i>BRAFV600E</i>) (11.1% <i>vs.</i> 81.8%, P=0.002) and more coexisted with late-hit events, particularly <i>TP53</i> mutations (44.4% <i>vs.</i> 27.3%, P=0.642). Clinically, compared with the no alteration and other alteration groups, the <i>DICER1</i> mutation group exhibited larger primary tumors, higher poorly differentiated thyroid cancer proportion, more extrathyroidal extension, more extrapulmonary metastases, and higher radioactive iodine-refractory proportion (all P<0.05). Cases with isolated <i>DICER1</i> mutations differed from those with isolated <i>BRAFV600E</i> and <i>RET</i> fusions in terms of tumor size, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer proportion, and metastatic sites, but were similar to cases with isolated <i>RAS</i> mutations in the high proportion of follicular thyroid cancer, N0, and extrapulmonary metastases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mutation of <i>DICER1</i> gene is a non-negligible molecular event and it may represent an aggressive subset of FDTCs. <i>DICER1</i> has <i>RAS</i>-like clinical characteristics and <i>DICER1</i>-mutant tumors exhibit more aggressive clinical behaviors compared with those with <i>BRAFV600E</i> and <i>RET</i> fusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9882,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"36 6","pages":"700-712"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}