Cell RegenerationPub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.1186/s13619-023-00180-9
Chenglu Xiao, Jing-Wei Xiong
{"title":"ERK signaling waves via body-wall muscles guide planarian whole-body regeneration across long distances.","authors":"Chenglu Xiao, Jing-Wei Xiong","doi":"10.1186/s13619-023-00180-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-023-00180-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whole-body regeneration is a multifaceted process that reinstates a body to its initial three-dimension size and structure after resection injury. It is well-known that signaling waves such as calcium and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling waves can efficiently transmit information between tissues or cells. However, the mechanisms responsible for coordinating wound responses over long distances are largely unexplored. A recent study has reported that the propagation of ERK signaling waves via longitudinal body-wall muscles play an essential role in wound response and whole-body regeneration in planarians, underscoring the significance of feedback interactions between spatially distinct tissues during whole-body regeneration over long distances. These findings not only address the central questions of regenerative biology but also have potential implications for regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"12 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10632249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71478539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell RegenerationPub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.1186/s13619-023-00179-2
Zhifen Tu, Yan Bi, Tengyan Mao, Hong Wang, Shaorong Gao, Yixuan Wang
{"title":"Discordance between chromatin accessibility and transcriptional activity during the human primed-to-naïve pluripotency transition process.","authors":"Zhifen Tu, Yan Bi, Tengyan Mao, Hong Wang, Shaorong Gao, Yixuan Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13619-023-00179-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-023-00179-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Naïve pluripotent state can be obtained by several strategies from various types of cells, in which the cell fate roadmap as well as key biological events involved in the journey have been described in detail. Here, we carefully explored the chromatin accessibility dynamics during the primed-to-naïve transition by adopting a dual fluorescent reporter system and the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin (ATAC)-seq. Our results revealed critical chromatin remodeling events and highlight the discordance between chromatin accessibility and transcriptional activity. We further demonstrate that the differential epigenetic modifications and transcription factor (TF) activities may play a critical role in regulating gene expression, and account for the observed variations in gene expression despite similar chromatin landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"12 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10632355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71478538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell RegenerationPub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1186/s13619-023-00176-5
Maria Victoria Romualdez-Tan
{"title":"Modelling in vitro gametogenesis using induced pluripotent stem cells: a review.","authors":"Maria Victoria Romualdez-Tan","doi":"10.1186/s13619-023-00176-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-023-00176-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vitro gametogenesis (IVG) has been a topic of great interest in recent years not only because it allows for further exploration of mechanisms of germ cell development, but also because of its prospect for innovative medical applications especially for the treatment of infertility. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying gamete development in vivo has inspired scientists to attempt to recapitulate the entire process of gametogenesis in vitro. While earlier studies have established IVG methods largely using pluripotent stem cells of embryonic origin, the scarcity of sources for these cells and the ethical issues involved in their use are serious limitations to the progress of IVG research especially in humans. However, with the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) due to the revolutionary discovery of dedifferentiation and reprogramming factors, IVG research has progressed remarkably in the last decade. This paper extensively reviews developments in IVG using iPSCs. First, the paper presents key concepts from groundwork studies on IVG including earlier researches demonstrating that IVG methods using embryonic stem cells (ESCs) also apply when using iPSCs. Techniques for the derivation of iPSCs are briefly discussed, highlighting the importance of generating transgene-free iPSCs with a high capacity for germline transmission to improve efficacy when used for IVG. The main part of the paper discusses recent advances in IVG research using iPSCs in various stages of gametogenesis. In addition, current clinical applications of IVG are presented, and potential future applications are discussed. Although IVG is still faced with many challenges in terms of technical issues, as well as efficacy and safety, novel IVG methodologies are emerging, and IVG using iPSCs may usher in the next era of reproductive medicine sooner than expected. This raises both ethical and social concerns and calls for the scientific community to cautiously develop IVG technology to ensure it is not only efficacious but also safe and adheres to social and ethical norms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"12 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10579208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41232665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical stretching boosts expansion and regeneration of intestinal organoids through fueling stem cell self-renewal.","authors":"Fanlu Meng, Congcong Shen, Li Yang, Chao Ni, Jianyong Huang, Kaijun Lin, Zanxia Cao, Shicai Xu, Wanling Cui, Xiaoxin Wang, Bailing Zhou, Chunyang Xiong, Jihua Wang, Bing Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s13619-022-00137-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13619-022-00137-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal organoids, derived from intestinal stem cell self-organization, recapitulate the tissue structures and behaviors of the intestinal epithelium, which hold great potential for the study of developmental biology, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. The intestinal epithelium is exposed to dynamic mechanical forces which exert profound effects on gut development. However, the conventional intestinal organoid culture system neglects the key role of mechanical microenvironments but relies solely on biological factors. Here, we show that adding cyclic stretch to intestinal organoid cultures remarkably up-regulates the signature gene expression and proliferation of intestinal stem cells. Furthermore, mechanical stretching stimulates the expansion of SOX9<sup>+</sup> progenitors by activating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling. These data demonstrate that the incorporation of mechanical stretch boosts the stemness of intestinal stem cells, thus benefiting organoid growth. Our findings have provided a way to optimize an organoid generation system through understanding cross-talk between biological and mechanical factors, paving the way for the application of mechanical forces in organoid-based models.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":" ","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9626719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40659610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Glioma stem cells and neural stem cells respond differently to BMP4 signaling.","authors":"Xin-Xin Han, Chunhui Cai, Li-Ming Yu, Min Wang, Wenhan Yang, Dai-Yu Hu, Jie Ren, Lu-Ying Zhu, Jia-Jia Deng, Qing-Qing Chen, Hua He, Zhengliang Gao","doi":"10.1186/s13619-022-00136-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13619-022-00136-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant glioma is a highly heterogeneous and invasive primary brain tumor characterized by high recurrence rates, resistance to combined therapy, and dismal prognosis. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are likely responsible for tumor progression, resistance to therapy, recurrence, and poor prognosis owing to their high self-renewal and tumorigenic potential. As a family member of BMP signaling, bone morphogenetic protein4 (BMP4) has been reported to induce the differentiation of GSCs and neural stem cells (NSCs). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the BMP4-mediated effects in these two cell types are unclear. In this study, we treated hGSCs and hNSCs with BMP4 and compared the phenotypic and transcriptional changes between these two cell types. Phenotypically, we found that the growth of hGSCs was greatly inhibited by BMP4, but the same treatment only increased the cell size of hNSCs. While the RNA sequencing results showed that BMP4 treatment evoked significantly transcriptional changes in both hGSCs and hNSCs, the profiles of differentially expressed genes were distinct between the two groups. A gene set that specifically targeted the proliferation and differentiation of hGSCs but not hNSCs was enriched and then validated in hGSC culture. Our results suggested that hGSCs and hNSCs responded differently to BMP4 stimulation. Understanding and investigating different responses between hGSCs and hNSCs will benefit finding partner factors working together with BMP4 to further suppress GSCs proliferation and stemness without disturbing NSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":" ","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9622962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40658938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell RegenerationPub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.1186/s13619-022-00144-5
Binxu Yin, Xinyun Li, Gufa Lin, Heng Wang
{"title":"High-resolution single-cell analysis paves the cellular path for brain regeneration in salamanders.","authors":"Binxu Yin, Xinyun Li, Gufa Lin, Heng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13619-022-00144-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13619-022-00144-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salamanders are excellent models for studying vertebrate brain regeneration, with the promise of developing novel therapies for human brain lesions. Yet the molecular and cellular mechanism of salamander brain regeneration remains largely elusive. The insight into the evolution of complex brain structures that lead to advanced functions in the mammalian brain is also inadequate. With high-resolution single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, three recent studies have reported the differentiation paths of cells in the salamander telencephalon in the journal Science, bringing both old and new cell types into the focus and shedding light on vertebrate brain evolution, development, and regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":" ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9579219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40337146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}