Cell Regeneration最新文献_第10页

Generation of functional organs from stem cells 从干细胞生成功能器官

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-2-1

Yunying Liu , Ru Yang , Zuping He , Wei-Qiang Gao

{"title":"Generation of functional organs from stem cells","authors":"Yunying Liu , Ru Yang , Zuping He , Wei-Qiang Gao","doi":"10.1186/2045-9769-2-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/2045-9769-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We are now well entering the exciting era of stem cells. Potential stem cell therapy holds great promise for the treatment of many diseases such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral-sclerosis, myocardial infarction, muscular dystrophy, diabetes, and etc. It is generally believed that transplantation of specific stem cells into the injured tissue to replace the lost cells is an effective way to repair the tissue. In fact, organ transplantation has been successfully practiced in clinics for liver or kidney failure. However, the severe shortage of donor organs has been a major obstacle for the expansion of organ transplantation programs. Toward that direction, generation of transplantable organs using stem cells is a desirable approach for organ replacement and would be of great interest for both basic and clinical scientists. Here we review recent progress in the field of organ generation using various methods including single adult tissue stem cells, a blastocyst complementation system, tissue decellularization/recellularization and a combination of stem cells and tissue engineering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 2:1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/2045-9769-2-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32823655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

The involvement of interleukin-22 in the expression of pancreatic beta cell regenerative Reg genes 白细胞介素22在胰腺细胞再生regg基因表达中的作用

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-2-2

Thomas Hill , Olga Krougly , Enayat Nikoopour , Stacey Bellemore , Edwin Lee-Chan , Lynette A Fouser , David J Hill , Bhagirath Singh

{"title":"The involvement of interleukin-22 in the expression of pancreatic beta cell regenerative Reg genes","authors":"Thomas Hill , Olga Krougly , Enayat Nikoopour , Stacey Bellemore , Edwin Lee-Chan , Lynette A Fouser , David J Hill , Bhagirath Singh","doi":"10.1186/2045-9769-2-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/2045-9769-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In Type 1 diabetes, the insulin-producing β-cells within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are destroyed. We showed previously that immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice can prevent disease process and pancreatic β-cell loss. This was associated with increased islet Regenerating (<em>Reg</em>) genes expression, and elevated IL-22-producing Th17 T-cells in the pancreas.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We hypothesized that IL-22 was responsible for the increased <em>Reg</em> gene expression in the pancreas. We therefore quantified the <em>Reg1, Reg2,</em> and <em>Reg</em> 3δ (INGAP) mRNA expression in isolated pre-diabetic NOD islets treated with IL-22. We measured <em>IL-22,</em> and <em>IL-22 receptor(R)-</em> α mRNA expression in the pancreas and spleen of pre-diabetic and diabetic NOD mice. Our results showed: 1) <em>Reg1</em> and <em>Reg2</em> mRNA abundance to be significantly increased in IL-22-treated islets <em>in vitro</em>; 2) IL-22 mRNA expression in the pre-diabetic mouse pancreas increased with time following CFA treatment; 3) a reduced expression of <em>IL-22R</em> α following CFA treatment; 4) a down-regulation in <em>Reg1 and Reg</em> 2 mRNA expression in the pancreas of pre-diabetic mice injected with an IL-22 neutralizing antibody; and 5) an increased islet β-cell DNA synthesis <em>in vitro</em> in the presence of IL-22.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We conclude that IL-22 may contribute to the regeneration of β-cells by up-regulating Regenerating <em>Reg1</em> and <em>Reg2</em> genes in the islets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 2:2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/2045-9769-2-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32824077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51

Cohesin complexes with a potential to link mammalian meiosis to cancer 可能将哺乳动物减数分裂与癌症联系起来的内聚蛋白复合物

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-2-4

Alexander Strunnikov

{"title":"Cohesin complexes with a potential to link mammalian meiosis to cancer","authors":"Alexander Strunnikov","doi":"10.1186/2045-9769-2-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/2045-9769-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Among multiple genes aberrantly activated in cancers, invariably, there is a group related to the capacity of cell to self-renewal. Some of these genes are related to the normal process of development, including the establishment of a germline. This group, a part of growing family of Cancer/Testis (CT) genes, now includes the meiosis specific subunits of cohesin complex. The first reports characterizing the <em>SMC1</em> and <em>RAD21</em> genes, encoding subunits of cohesin, were published 20 years ago; however the exact molecular mechanics of cohesin molecular machine in vivo remains rather obscure notwithstanding ample elegant experiments. The matters are complicated by the fact that the evolution of cohesin function, which is served by just two basic types of protein complexes in budding yeast, took an explosive turn in Metazoa. The recent characterization of a new set of genes encoding cohesin subunits specific for meiosis in vertebrates adds several levels of complexity to the task of structure-function analysis of specific cohesin pathways, even more so in relation to their aberrant functionality in cancers. These three proteins, SMC1β, RAD21L and STAG3 are likely involved in a specific function in the first meiotic prophase, genetic recombination, and segregation of homologues. However, at present, it is rather challenging to pinpoint the molecular role of these proteins, particularly in synaptonemal complex or centromere function, due to the multiplicity of different cohesins in meiosis. The roles of these proteins in cancer cell physiology, upon their aberrant activation in tumors, also remain to be elucidated. Nevertheless, as the existence of Cancer/Testis cohesin complexes in tumor cells appears to be all but certain, this brings a promise of a new target for cancer therapy and/or diagnostics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 2:4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/2045-9769-2-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32824079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Targeted genome engineering in human induced pluripotent stem cells by penetrating TALENs 穿透TALENs的人诱导多能干细胞靶向基因组工程研究

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-2-5

Renli Ru , Yongchao Yao , Songlin Yu , Benpeng Yin , Wanwan Xu , Siting Zhao , Li Qin , Xiaoping Chen

{"title":"Targeted genome engineering in human induced pluripotent stem cells by penetrating TALENs","authors":"Renli Ru , Yongchao Yao , Songlin Yu , Benpeng Yin , Wanwan Xu , Siting Zhao , Li Qin , Xiaoping Chen","doi":"10.1186/2045-9769-2-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/2045-9769-2-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) have been successfully used to knock out endogenous genes in stem cell research. However, the deficiencies of current gene-based delivery systems may hamper the clinical application of these nucleases. A new delivery method that can improve the utility of these nucleases is needed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, we utilized a cell-penetrating peptide-based system for ZFN and TALEN delivery. Functional TAT-ZFN and TAT-TALEN proteins were generated by fusing the cell-penetrating TAT peptide to ZFN and TALEN, respectively. However, TAT-ZFN was difficult to purify in quantities sufficient for analysis in cell culture. Purified TAT-TALEN was able to penetrate cells and disrupt the gene encoding endogenous human chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5, a co-receptor for HIV-1 entry into cells). Hypothermic treatment greatly enhanced the TAT-TALEN-mediated gene disruption efficiency. A 5% modification rate was observed in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) treated with TAT-TALEN as measured by the Surveyor assay.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>TAT-TALEN protein-mediated gene disruption was applicable in hiPSCs and represents a promising technique for gene knockout in stem cells. This new technique may advance the clinical application of TALEN technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 2:5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/2045-9769-2-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32824080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Increased oxygen consumption and OXPHOS potential in superhealer mesenchymal stem cells 超愈合间充质干细胞的耗氧量增加和OXPHOS电位

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-1-3

Curtis C Hughey , Maria P Alfaro , Darrell D Belke , Jeffery N Rottman , Pampee P Young , David H Wasserman , Jane Shearer

{"title":"Increased oxygen consumption and OXPHOS potential in superhealer mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Curtis C Hughey , Maria P Alfaro , Darrell D Belke , Jeffery N Rottman , Pampee P Young , David H Wasserman , Jane Shearer","doi":"10.1186/2045-9769-1-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/2045-9769-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cell-based therapies show promise in repairing cardiac tissue and improving contractile performance following a myocardial infarction. Despite this, ischemia-induced death of transplanted cells remains a major hurdle to the efficacy of treatment. ‘<em>Superhealer</em>’ MRL/MpJ mesenchymal stem cells (MRL-MSCs) have been reported to exhibit increased engraftment resulting in reduced infarct size and enhanced contractile function. This study determines whether intrinsic differences in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) assist in explaining the enhanced cellular survival and engraftment of MRL-MSCs.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Compared to wild type MSCs (WT-MSCs), mitochondria from intact MRL-MSCs exhibited an increase in routine respiration and maximal electron transport capacity by 2.0- and 3.5-fold, respectively. When routine oxygen utilization is expressed as a portion of maximal cellular oxygen flux, the MRL-MSCs have a greater spare respiratory capcity. Additionally, glutamate/malate- and succinate-supported oxygen consumption in permeabilized cells was elevated approximately 1.25- and 1.4-fold in the MRL-MSCs, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results from intact and permeabilized MSCs indicate MRL-MSCs exhibit a greater reliance on and capacity for aerobic metabolism. The greater capacity for oxidative metabolism may provide a protective effect by increasing ATP synthesis per unit substrate and prevent glycolysis-mediated acidosis and subsequent cell death upon transplantation into the glucose-and oxygen-deprived environment of the infarcted heart.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 1:3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/2045-9769-1-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32823648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

SNX17 regulates Notch pathway and pancreas development through the retromer-dependent recycling of Jag1 SNX17通过Jag1的逆转录依赖循环调控Notch通路和胰腺发育

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-1-4

Wenguang Yin , Dapeng Liu , Nian Liu , Liangliang Xu , Song Li , Shuo Lin , Xiaodong Shu , Duanqing Pei

{"title":"SNX17 regulates Notch pathway and pancreas development through the retromer-dependent recycling of Jag1","authors":"Wenguang Yin , Dapeng Liu , Nian Liu , Liangliang Xu , Song Li , Shuo Lin , Xiaodong Shu , Duanqing Pei","doi":"10.1186/2045-9769-1-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/2045-9769-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Notch is one of the most important signaling pathways involved in cell fate determination. Activation of the Notch pathway requires the binding of a membrane-bound ligand to the Notch receptor in the adjacent cell which induces proteolytic cleavages and the activation of the receptor. A unique feature of the Notch signaling is that processes such as modification, endocytosis or recycling of the ligand have been reported to play critical roles during Notch signaling, however, the underlying molecular mechanism appears context-dependent and often controversial.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Here we identified SNX17 as a novel regulator of the Notch pathway. SNX17 is a sorting nexin family protein implicated in vesicular trafficking and we find it is specifically required in the ligand-expressing cells for Notch signaling. Mechanistically, SNX17 regulates the protein level of Jag1a on plasma membrane by binding to Jag1a and facilitating the retromer-dependent recycling of the ligand. In zebrafish, inhibition of this SNX17-mediated Notch signaling pathway results in defects in neurogenesis as well as pancreas development.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results reveal that SNX17, by acting as a cargo-specific adaptor, promotes the retromer dependent recycling of Jag1a and Notch signaling and this pathway is involved in cell fate determination during zebrafish neurogenesis and pancreas development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 1:4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/2045-9769-1-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32823649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

A feeder-free, human plasma-derived hydrogel for maintenance of a human embryonic stem cell phenotype in vitro 一种在体外维持人胚胎干细胞表型的无饲料、人血浆来源的水凝胶

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-1-6

Fiona C Lewis , Nicholas Bryan , John A Hunt

{"title":"A feeder-free, human plasma-derived hydrogel for maintenance of a human embryonic stem cell phenotype in vitro","authors":"Fiona C Lewis , Nicholas Bryan , John A Hunt","doi":"10.1186/2045-9769-1-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/2045-9769-1-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) represent a tremendous resource for cell therapies and the study of human development; however to maintain their undifferentiated state <em>in vitro</em> they routinely require the use of mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder-layers and exogenous protein media supplementation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>These well established requirements can be overcome and in this study, it will be demonstrated that phenotypic stability of hESCs can be maintained using a novel, human plasma protein-based hydrogel as an extracellular culture matrix without the use of feeder cell co-culture. hESCs were resuspended in human platelet poor plasma (PPP), which was gelled by the addition of calcium containing DMEM-based hESC culture medium. Phenotypic and genomic expression of the pluripotency markers <em>OCT4</em>, <em>NANOG</em> and <em>SOX2</em> were measured using immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR respectively. Typical hESC morphology was demonstrated throughout <em>in vitro</em> culture and both viability and phenotypic stability were maintained throughout extended culture, up to 25 passages.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PPP-derived hydrogel has demonstrated to be an efficacious alternative to MEF co-culture with its hydrophilicity allowing for this substrate to be delivered via minimally invasive procedures in a liquid phase with polymerization ensuing <em>in situ</em>. Together this provides a novel technique for the study of this unique group of stem cells in either 2D or 3D both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo.</em></p></div>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 1:6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/2045-9769-1-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32823651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Pluripotency and its layers of complexity 多能性及其复杂的层次

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-1-7

Jolene Ooi , Pentao Liu

{"title":"Pluripotency and its layers of complexity","authors":"Jolene Ooi , Pentao Liu","doi":"10.1186/2045-9769-1-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/2045-9769-1-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pluripotency is depicted by a self-renewing state that can competently differentiate to form the three germ layers. Different stages of early murine development can be captured on a petri dish, delineating a spectrum of pluripotent states, ranging from embryonic stem cells, embryonic germ cells to epiblast stem cells. Anomalous cell populations displaying signs of pluripotency have also been uncovered, from the isolation of embryonic carcinoma cells to the derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells. Gaining insight into the molecular circuitry within these cell types enlightens us about the significance and contribution of each stage, hence deepening our understanding of vertebrate development. In this review, we aim to describe experimental milestones that led to the understanding of embryonic development and the conception of pluripotency. We also discuss attempts at exploring the realm of pluripotency with the identification of pluripotent stem cells within mouse teratocarcinomas and embryos, and the generation of pluripotent cells through nuclear reprogramming. In conclusion, we illustrate pluripotent cells derived from other organisms, including human derivatives, and describe current paradigms in the comprehension of human pluripotency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 1:7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/2045-9769-1-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32823652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Using mouse models to study function of transcriptional factors in T cell development 利用小鼠模型研究转录因子在T细胞发育中的作用

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-1-8

Peng Li , Yiren Xiao , Zhixin Liu , Pentao Liu

引用次数: 1

Cell regeneration- bridging discoveries in applied and basic research 细胞再生-应用与基础研究中的桥梁发现

Cell Regeneration Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9769-1-1

Duanqing Pei

引用次数: 3