Cell RegenerationPub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00203-z
Xinyang Li, Gaoxiang Zhu, Bing Zhao
{"title":"Chromatin remodeling in tissue stem cell fate determination.","authors":"Xinyang Li, Gaoxiang Zhu, Bing Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s13619-024-00203-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-024-00203-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue stem cells (TSCs), which reside in specialized tissues, constitute the major cell sources for tissue homeostasis and regeneration, and the contribution of transcriptional or epigenetic regulation of distinct biological processes in TSCs has been discussed in the past few decades. Meanwhile, ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to remodel nucleosomes, thereby affecting chromatin dynamics and the regulation of gene expression programs in each cell type. However, the role of chromatin remodelers in tissue stem cell fate determination is less well understood. In this review, we systematically discuss recent advances in epigenetic control by chromatin remodelers of hematopoietic stem cells, intestinal epithelial stem cells, neural stem cells, and skin stem cells in their fate determination and highlight the importance of their essential role in tissue homeostasis, development, and regeneration. Moreover, the exploration of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of TSCs is crucial for advancing our understanding of tissue maintenance and for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"13 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell RegenerationPub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00202-0
Xueli Hu, Jianjian Sun, Meng Wan, Bianhong Zhang, Linhui Wang, Tao P Zhong
{"title":"Expression levels and stoichiometry of Hnf1β, Emx2, Pax8 and Hnf4 influence direct reprogramming of induced renal tubular epithelial cells.","authors":"Xueli Hu, Jianjian Sun, Meng Wan, Bianhong Zhang, Linhui Wang, Tao P Zhong","doi":"10.1186/s13619-024-00202-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-024-00202-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Generation of induced renal epithelial cells (iRECs) from fibroblasts offers great opportunities for renal disease modeling and kidney regeneration. However, the low reprogramming efficiency of the current approach to generate iRECs has hindered potential therapeutic application and regenerative approach. This could be in part attributed to heterogeneous and unbalanced expression of reprogramming factors (RFs) Hnf1β (H1), Emx2 (E), Pax8 (P), and Hnf4α (H4) in transduced fibroblasts. Here, we establish an advanced retroviral vector system that expresses H1, E, P, and H4 in high levels and distinct ratios from bicistronic transcripts separated by P2A. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) harboring Cdh16-Cre; mT/mG allele are utilized to conduct iREC reprogramming via directly monitoring single cell fate conversion. Three sets of bicistronic RF combinations including H1E/H4P, H1H4/EP, and H1P/H4E have been generated to induce iREC reprogramming. Each of the RF combinations gives rise to distinct H1, E, P, and H4 expression levels and different reprogramming efficiencies. The desired H1E/H4P combination that results in high expression levels of RFs with balanced stoichiometry. substantially enhances the efficiency and quality of iRECs compared with transduction of separate H1, E, P, and H4 lentiviruses. We find that H1E/H4P-induced iRECs exhibit the superior features of renal tubular epithelial cells, as evidenced by expressing renal tubular-specific genes, possessing endocytotic arrogation activity and assembling into tubules along decellularized kidney scaffolds. This study establishes H1E/H4P cassette as a valuable platform for future iREC studies and regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"13 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell RegenerationPub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00200-2
Yuling Peng, Jieying Zhu, Qi Zhang, Ran Zhang, Zhenhua Wang, Zesen Ye, Ning Ma, Dajiang Qin, Duanqing Pei, Dongwei Li
{"title":"Endogenous retroviral ERVH48-1 promotes human urine cell reprogramming.","authors":"Yuling Peng, Jieying Zhu, Qi Zhang, Ran Zhang, Zhenhua Wang, Zesen Ye, Ning Ma, Dajiang Qin, Duanqing Pei, Dongwei Li","doi":"10.1186/s13619-024-00200-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13619-024-00200-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), once thought to be mere remnants of ancient viral integrations in the mammalian genome, are now recognized for their critical roles in various physiological processes, including embryonic development, innate immunity, and tumorigenesis. Their impact on host organisms is significant driver of evolutionary changes, offering insight into evolutionary mechanisms. In our study, we explored the functionality of ERVs by examining single-cell transcriptomic profiles from human embryonic stem cells and urine cells. This led to the discovery of a unique ERVH48-1 expression pattern between these cell types. Additionally, somatic cell reprogramming efficacy was enhanced when ERVH48-1 was overexpressed in a urine cell-reprogramming system. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated with ERVH48-1 overexpression recapitulated the traits of those produced by traditional reprogramming approaches, and the resulting iPSCs demonstrated the capability to differentiate into all three germ layers in vitro. Our research elucidated the role of ERVs in somatic cell reprogramming.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"13 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11399365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Standard: human intestine-on-a-chip.","authors":"Haitao Liu, Yaqing Wang, Xu Zhang, Min Zhang, Peng Wang, Jing Shang, Zhongqiang Li, Likun Gong, Jiabin Guo, Wei Sun, Jingbo Pi, Xianliang Li, Wei Ding, Dianbing Wang, Zhongyu Li, Jingzhong Zhang, Lan Wang, Xingchao Geng, Ruifu Yang, Pingkun Zhou, Wanjin Tang, Xian'en Zhang, Chunying Chen, Shengli Yang, Jianhua Qin","doi":"10.1186/s13619-024-00198-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-024-00198-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organs-on-chips are microphysiological systems that allow to replicate the key functions of human organs and accelerate the innovation in life sciences including disease modeling, drug development, and precision medicine. However, due to the lack of standards in their definition, structural design, cell source, model construction, and functional validation, a wide range of translational application of organs-on-chips remains a challenging. \"Organs-on-chips: Intestine\" is the first group standard on human intestine-on-a-chip in China, jointly agreed and released by the experts from the Chinese Society of Biotechnology on 29th April 2024. This standard specifies the scope, terminology, definitions, technical requirements, detection methods, and quality control in building the human intestinal model on a chip. The publication of this group standard will guide the institutional establishment, acceptance and execution of proper practical protocols and accelerate the international standardization of intestine-on-a-chip for translational applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"13 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"METTL3 restricts RIPK1-dependent cell death via the ATF3-cFLIP axis in the intestinal epithelium.","authors":"Meimei Huang, Xiaodan Wang, Mengxian Zhang, Yuan Liu, Ye-Guang Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13619-024-00197-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-024-00197-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are pivotal for maintaining intestinal homeostasis through self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and regulated cell death. While apoptosis and necroptosis are recognized as distinct pathways, their intricate interplay remains elusive. In this study, we report that Mettl3-mediated m<sup>6</sup>A modification maintains intestinal homeostasis by impeding epithelial cell death. Mettl3 knockout induces both apoptosis and necroptosis in IECs. Targeting different modes of cell death with specific inhibitors unveils that RIPK1 kinase activity is critical for the cell death triggered by Mettl3 knockout. Mechanistically, this occurs via the m<sup>6</sup>A-mediated transcriptional regulation of Atf3, a transcription factor that directly binds to Cflar, the gene encoding the anti-cell death protein cFLIP. cFLIP inhibits RIPK1 activity, thereby suppressing downstream apoptotic and necroptotic signaling. Together, these findings delineate the essential role of the METTL3-ATF3-cFLIP axis in homeostatic regulation of the intestinal epithelium by blocking RIPK1 activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"13 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11297012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell RegenerationPub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00196-9
Xuan Zhuang, Jun Ruan, Canquan Zhou, Zhiming Li
{"title":"The emerging and diverse roles of F-box proteins in spermatogenesis and male infertility.","authors":"Xuan Zhuang, Jun Ruan, Canquan Zhou, Zhiming Li","doi":"10.1186/s13619-024-00196-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-024-00196-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>F-box proteins play essential roles in various cellular processes of spermatogenesis by means of ubiquitylation and subsequent target protein degradation. They are the substrate-recognition subunits of SKP1-cullin 1-F-box protein (SCF) E3 ligase complexes. Dysregulation of F‑box protein‑mediated proteolysis could lead to male infertility in humans and mice. The emerging studies revealed the physiological function, pathological evidence, and biochemical substrates of F-box proteins in the development of male germ cells, which urging us to review the current understanding of how F‑box proteins contribute to spermatogenesis. More functional and mechanistic study will be helpful to define the roles of F-box protein in spermatogenesis, which will pave the way for the logical design of F-box protein-targeted diagnosis and therapies for male infertility, as the spermatogenic role of many F-box proteins remains elusive.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"13 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Macrophages in tissue repair and regeneration: insights from zebrafish.","authors":"Changlong Zhao, Zhiyong Yang, Yunbo Li, Zilong Wen","doi":"10.1186/s13619-024-00195-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-024-00195-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macrophages play crucial and versatile roles in regulating tissue repair and regeneration upon injury. However, due to their complex compositional heterogeneity and functional plasticity, deciphering the nature of different macrophage subpopulations and unraveling their dynamics and precise roles during the repair process have been challenging. With its distinct advantages, zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as an invaluable model for studying macrophage development and functions, especially in tissue repair and regeneration, providing valuable insights into our understanding of macrophage biology in health and diseases. In this review, we present the current knowledge and challenges associated with the role of macrophages in tissue repair and regeneration, highlighting the significant contributions made by zebrafish studies. We discuss the unique advantages of the zebrafish model, including its genetic tools, imaging techniques, and regenerative capacities, which have greatly facilitated the investigation of macrophages in these processes. Additionally, we outline the potential of zebrafish research in addressing the remaining challenges and advancing our understanding of the intricate interplay between macrophages and tissue repair and regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"13 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New progress in roles of TGF-β signaling crosstalks in cellular functions, immunity and diseases.","authors":"Shuchen Gu, Rik Derynck, Ye-Guang Chen, Xin-Hua Feng","doi":"10.1186/s13619-024-00194-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-024-00194-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The family of secreted dimeric proteins known as the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) family plays a critical role in facilitating intercellular communication within multicellular animals. A recent symposium on TGF-β Biology - Signaling, Development, and Diseases, held on December 19-21, 2023, in Hangzhou, China, showcased some latest advances in our understanding TGF-β biology and also served as an important forum for scientific collaboration and exchange of ideas. More than twenty presentations and discussions at the symposium delved into the intricate mechanisms of TGF-β superfamily signaling pathways, their roles in normal development and immunity, and the pathological conditions associated with pathway dysregulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"13 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11116299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141081056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell RegenerationPub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1186/s13619-024-00190-1
Mengdi Cheng, Yujie Nie, Min Song, Fulin Chen, Yuan Yu
{"title":"Forkhead box O proteins: steering the course of stem cell fate.","authors":"Mengdi Cheng, Yujie Nie, Min Song, Fulin Chen, Yuan Yu","doi":"10.1186/s13619-024-00190-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13619-024-00190-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stem cells are pivotal players in the intricate dance of embryonic development, tissue maintenance, and regeneration. Their behavior is delicately balanced between maintaining their pluripotency and differentiating as needed. Disruptions in this balance can lead to a spectrum of diseases, underscoring the importance of unraveling the complex molecular mechanisms that govern stem cell fate. Forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins, a family of transcription factors, are at the heart of this intricate regulation, influencing a myriad of cellular processes such as survival, metabolism, and DNA repair. Their multifaceted role in steering the destiny of stem cells is evident, as they wield influence over self-renewal, quiescence, and lineage-specific differentiation in both embryonic and adult stem cells. This review delves into the structural and regulatory intricacies of FOXO transcription factors, shedding light on their pivotal roles in shaping the fate of stem cells. By providing insights into the specific functions of FOXO in determining stem cell fate, this review aims to pave the way for targeted interventions that could modulate stem cell behavior and potentially revolutionize the treatment and prevention of diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9811,"journal":{"name":"Cell Regeneration","volume":"13 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10928065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}