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{"title":"Water erosion in soybean farming areas under different soil covers and simulated rainfall patterns in the Southern Amazon, Brazil","authors":"Camila Calazans da Silva Luz ,&nbsp;Adilson Pacheco de Souza ,&nbsp;Frederico Terra de Almeida ,&nbsp;Charles Campoe Martim ,&nbsp;Wanderson Carvalho da Silva ,&nbsp;Rafaela Rocha Pereira ,&nbsp;Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Controlling water erosion is a challenge for agricultural producers, especially in extensive soybean production areas. This study aimed to evaluate soil and water losses in soybean farming areas under different soil cover conditions and simulated rainfall patterns, on a typic Hapludox in the Southern Amazon region. A factorial arrangement was used to assess four soil cover conditions (soybean over corn straw − SS, straw only − SO, no cover − NC, and no cover with soil tillage − NT) and four rainfall patterns (Advanced − AV, Intermediate − IN, Delayed − DE, and Constant − CT). Rainfall simulations were performed by <em>InfiAsper</em> equipment, producing an average precipitation intensity (PI) of 75 mm h⁻¹, a maximum PI of 133.1 mm h⁻¹, and a duration of 60 min. Regardless of soil cover conditions, DE rainfall pattern provided the longest runoff start time (19.15 min), while the AV pattern had the shortest end time (45.87 min). Soil cover removal resulted in an average maximum runoff rate of 80.9 mm min⁻¹, 50.9 % higher than the SS and SO conditions. This effect was also observed for runoff depth (64.4 %) and sediment loss (1,173 %), especially in NT areas. IN and DE rainfall patterns produced significantly higher average maximum runoff rate (89.32 mm min⁻¹) and soil losses (5.69 g m⁻²) compared to the AV and CT ones (45.21 mm min⁻¹ and 2.48 g m⁻²). These results demonstrate the importance of conservation practices, such as maintaining crop residues and soil cover, in reducing erosion in agricultural areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108959"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree-ring based analysis of shallow creep: Possibilities and limits on a case study on flysch rocks","authors":"Filip Schlesinger,&nbsp;Karel Šilhán","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil creep is a slow type of mass movement that, despite its low velocity, can significantly influence slope stability and landscape evolution over time. Understanding its mechanisms and spatial variability is essential for assessing slope stability. However, obtaining high-quality long-term data on creep activity remains a challenge. Dendrogeomorphic methods offer a promising approach to reconstruct past creep movements, but their application to shallow creep processes still requires further refinement.</div><div>Therefore, this research undertakes a dendrogeomorphic analysis of shallow creep movements on flysch rock slopes, utilizing tree-ring eccentricity as an indicator of this geomorphic process. A total of 136 increment cores from 68 Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em> (L.) H. Karst.) trees were analysed, revealing the spatio-temporal dynamics of shallow creep and its relationship with slope morphometry and weathering mantle thickness. The eccentricity values were spatially interpolated to visualize the evolution of creep activity over decades, which showed its significant spatial variability. Statistical analyses, including Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients, were employed to examine the relationships between tree-ring eccentricity and various environmental factors. Results indicated that tree age influences the sensitivity to creep signals, with older trees showing increased eccentricity, suggesting a heightened response to creep movements. The study also explored the impact of precipitation on creep activity, identifying a weak, non-significant positive relationship. This comprehensive analysis enhances the understanding of shallow creep mechanisms and contributes to the broader field of dendrogeomorphology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108953"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memories of the deep past: The importance of the soil memory concept for paleopedology studies","authors":"Diego Luciano Nascimento ,&nbsp;Francisco Sérgio Bernardes Ladeira","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paleopedology is an interdisciplinary and historical scientific field focused on the study of fossil soils and ancient landscapes. Like other historical sciences such as geology and paleontology, paleopedology works with incomplete datasets and preservation biases. Despite these challenges, paleosols provide valuable paleoenvironmental, paleobiological, and paleoecological data, allowing for inferences about past events and entities. The aim of this paper is to engage in a reflective exercise on the role played by the soil memory concept as an epistemic tool to overcome contingency, underdetermination, and equifinality—common phenomena within historical sciences—in interpretation of paleosols. The soil memory concept is related to the capacity of soil record information about soil forming factors and pedogenic processes in their characteristics. This work discusses how soil memory serves as a conceptual and methodological framework that facilitates the establishment of analogical reasoning in paleopedology. Soil memory in paleopedology identifies regularities between paleosols and soils, linking different pedogenic characteristics and processes across various spatial and temporal scales, thereby allowing paleoenvironmental explanation. Soil memory provides an ’experimental context’ to emphasize the observed regularities between different objects, such as Precambrian and Quaternary paleosols at different scales. Soil memory is not a definitive explanation but rather an open, dynamic, and exploratory tool that helps guide subsequent research steps and refine questions based on weak and in some cases unrelated evidence. Recent years have seen increased interest in the capacity of historical sciences, particularly geology and paleontology, to provide comprehensive explanations for complex events from the deep past. Integrating paleopedology into this discussion enhances our understanding of how scientific knowledge about past environments is constructed, and how the historical sciences contribute to scientific explanations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108945"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of rock slope failures in the flysch area − insight from the Babia Góra massif (Western Carpathians, Poland)","authors":"Piotr Kłapyta ,&nbsp;Michał Zatorski ,&nbsp;Marta Kondracka","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Babia Góra (1725 m a.s.l.) is the highest and most prominent mountain massif in the Western Flysch Carpathians (WFC). Its monoclinal flysch structure, combined with tectonically controlled high local relief, has led to the development of a striking pattern of rock slope failures (RSFs), particularly along the steep, anti-dip northern slope cuesta. This study integrates field geomorphological, geophysical, and sedimentological data, along with Schmidt-hammer relative age dating, to provide a detailed account of the development and relative chronology of ancient RSFs in this area. The northern slope of Babia Góra exhibits all major types of RSFs, including rock slope deformations, rock slides and rock avalanches, with a total volume of approximately 418 M m³. The inventory encompasses 125 RSFs, which affect 45 % of the northern slope, and up to 77 % of the sandstone cuesta slope. Among these, multi-temporal rock slides with long-runout, flow-like tongues represent the largest mass movement complexes in the range and rank among the largest in the WFC. Morphotectonic analysis suggests that the primary mechanism of gravitational failure involved backward rotation along listric-shaped structures, with vertical displacements ranging from 6 to 90 m, although the depth of gravitational disintegration may exceed 150 m. The Schmidt-hammer weathering index provides evidence for the multi-temporal activity of RSFs, identifying five distinct phases of RSF activity. The oldest of these phases corresponds to the timing of local deglaciation and periglacial processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108948"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of various soil moisture replenishment patterns on plant water use strategies in the Third Pole region","authors":"Xiaoying Liu ,&nbsp;Zongxing Li ,&nbsp;Zongjie Li ,&nbsp;Mengqing Liu ,&nbsp;Bin Xu ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Fang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impacts of soil moisture replenishment patterns on plant water use strategies in the source region of the Yangtze River on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Understanding these patterns is crucial for ecological security and vegetation restoration in the face of global environmental change. In August 2021, plant, soil, and water samples were collected across the study area. Stable isotope analysis was conducted using the MixSIAR and End-Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA) models to identify the sources of plant and soil water. In the study area, plants primarily utilize soil water but also rely on additional sources, such as glacier snow meltwater, supra-permafrost water, ground ice and precipitation. Plant water use strategies vary with altitude, reflecting the influence of distinct soil moisture replenishment patterns across the region. Specifically, between 4 100 m-4 400 m, plants predominantly use soil water, with relatively lower use of other sources. Between 4 400 m-4 600 m, plants increasingly rely on soil water, while their reliance on other sources diminishes. Between 4 600 m-4 800 m, the contribution of soil water decreases, while the use of glacier snow meltwater and supra-permafrost water intensifies. These variations reflect the impact of altitude on plant water use strategies. The results emphasize the crucial role of altitude in shaping plant water use strategies and underscore the importance of understanding soil moisture replenishment in high-altitude ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108942"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trees slow down erosion and allow soil progression in an extremely high-rainfall old-growth mixed dipterocarp forest of southwest Sri Lanka","authors":"Jakub Jaroš ,&nbsp;Pavel Šamonil ,&nbsp;Pavel Daněk ,&nbsp;Dušan Adam ,&nbsp;Dmitry Tikhomirov ,&nbsp;Sisira Ediriweera ,&nbsp;Marcus Christl ,&nbsp;Markus Egli","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent studies have revealed that trees can significantly drive soil evolution and hillslope processes in some temperate forests through mechanical soil disturbances such as tree uprootings. Such tree-soil interactions have resulted in improved biogeomorphic state transition models for old-growth forests. However, the situation in humid tropical forests, with extreme precipitation and different soil-forming processes, is less explored. Here, we focus on the erosion rates and biogeomorphic roles of trees in the Sinharaja Old-Growth Mixed Dipterocarp Forest, Southwest Sri Lanka. The site is notable for the fact that, despite high rainfall in this tropical primary forest reaching 5674 mm per year, there are well-developed Alisols. We hypothesized that the erosion rate would still be similar to the expected soil production rate (ca 1 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹), despite the precipitation, and that there would be a significant bioprotective function of trees.</div><div>Total denudation was assessed using various radiometrical methods, resulting in a long-term erosion rate ranging from 0.24 to 0.9 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, and a recent erosion rate of 10.8 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. The ability of trees to protect and stabilize soil was indeed significant in the Sinharaja forest reserve, with 3.65 t ha⁻¹ of measurably protected soil. However, trees also contribute to erosion as well, and interestingly, tree uprootings had a lesser impact than tree breakages.</div><div>Such biotic-abiotic interactions can allow the progression of soils and may be important in protecting soils during ongoing climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108911"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying impact of different surface covers on sediment transport capacity: Insights from flume experiments","authors":"Kai Zhang,&nbsp;Ning Li,&nbsp;Suhua Fu,&nbsp;Dike Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sediment transport capacity (<em>Tc</em>) serves as a crucial determinant in soil erosion models. While surface cover types are recognized as key factors influencing sediment transport capacity, their effects have not been systematically quantified. This study provides mechanistic insights into the pathways through which surface cover modulates sediment transport capacity and quantitatively establishes the combined effects of cover type and coverage. The flume experiments were conducted using four cover types (corn residue, rock fragment, sweet potato, and corn stem) with coverage ranging from 2.5 % to 70 %, under a fixed slope gradient (15°) and a constant flow discharge (1 × 10^–3 m³ s⁻¹). The results showed that sediment transport capacity was significantly correlated (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) with flow velocity (<em>v</em>), flow depth (<em>h</em>), and coverage (<em>C</em>) across different cover types. A significant power function increase was observed between sediment transport capacity and flow velocity for all cover types (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01, <em>R</em>² &gt; 0.93). When estimating sediment transport capacity using a single flow velocity, coverage effects can be disregarded, but the velocity exponent must be adjusted based on cover type. Surface cover type primarily influences sediment transport capacity by altering flow velocity and flow depth. Flow velocity, flow depth, and coverage can be jointly used to describe sediment transport capacity under different cover conditions, thereby quantifying the effects of cover type. The findings of this study elucidate the pathways through which surface cover types affect sediment transport capacity, providing insights into the hydrodynamic mechanisms underlying this influence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108951"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A modified curve number method for runoff prediction of different soil types in China","authors":"Miaomiao Wang ,&nbsp;Yangdong Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenhai Shi ,&nbsp;Jinle Yu ,&nbsp;Tiantian Chen ,&nbsp;Jiachi Bao ,&nbsp;Wenyi Song ,&nbsp;Hongjun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number Model, proposed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), has only one parameter <em>CN</em>, and is a tool for predicting runoff. According to the SCS-CN methodology, soils are categorized into four distinct hydrologic soil groups (HSGs) based on their inherent ability to generate runoff. However, the delineation of these four discrete HSG levels can lead to abrupt shifts in the Curve Number (<em>CN</em>) value as one category transitions to another. To obtain more accurate <em>CN</em> values that better reflect the hydrological soil conditions in China, <em>CN</em> values for each <em>HSG</em> were assessed using both the median method (<em>CN_M</em>) and the least squares fit method (<em>CN_F</em>) based on monitored rainfall-runoff data from 48 sites across China. These values were found to significantly deviate from the curve number values (<em>CN_T</em>) provided in the USDA-SCS handbook. The findings indicated that replacing <em>CN_T</em> with <em>CN_F</em>, derived through the least squares fit method, improved the efficacy of the conventional SCS-CN approach. Nevertheless, <em>CN_F</em> exhibited suboptimal performance within HSGs A and B. The subpar performance could be attributed to the significant variability in <em>CN</em> values observed within each hydrological soil group. Therefore, the proposed model taking the influence of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (<em>K_s</em>) on runoff prediction into account was developed to reflect the influence of <em>CN</em> changes under different soil types. The proposed method underwent a reliability test using data from 44 study sites, and subsequently, it was carried over into the remaining 4 typical sites, employing parameters calibrated using the initial 44 sites data. The proposed method with high <em>NSE</em> and low <em>RMSE</em> values demonstrated remarkable predictive precision for runoff at the sites, surpassing the original SCS-CN approach regardless of using <em>CN_F</em> or <em>CN_T</em>. Hence, the proposed method offers versatility and is advantageous for widespread use across China’s diverse hydrological soil environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108957"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid degradation of frozen soil environments in thermokarst-affected alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under climate change","authors":"Yuanhong Deng ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Li ,&nbsp;Chao Yang ,&nbsp;Fangzhong Shi ,&nbsp;Shaojie Zhao ,&nbsp;Sha Zhou ,&nbsp;Chiyuan Miao ,&nbsp;Ruiqiang Ding ,&nbsp;Yongshuo H. Fu ,&nbsp;Xiaofan Yang ,&nbsp;Zhigang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil freeze–thaw state influences multiple terrestrial ecosystem processes, such as soil hydrology and carbon cycling. However, knowledge of historical long-term changes in the timing, duration, and temperature of freeze–thaw processes remains insufficient, and studies exploring the combined or individual contributions of climatic factors—such as air temperature, precipitation, snow depth, and wind speed—are rare, particularly in current thermokarst landscapes induced by abrupt permafrost thawing. Based on ERA5-Land reanalysis, MODIS observations, and integrated thermokarst landform maps, we found that: 1) Hourly soil temperature from the reanalysis effectively captured the temporal variations of in-situ observations, with Pearson’ r of 0.66–0.91. 2) Despite an insignificant decrease in daily freeze–thaw cycles in 1981–2022, other indicators in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) changed significantly, including delayed freezing onset (0.113 d yr⁻¹), advanced thawing onset (−0.22 d yr⁻¹), reduced frozen days (−0.365 d yr⁻¹), increased frozen temperature (0.014 °C yr⁻¹), and decreased daily freeze–thaw temperature range (−0.015 °C yr⁻¹). 3) Total contributions indicated air temperature was the dominant climatic driver of these changes, while indicators characterizing daily freeze–thaw cycles were influenced mainly by the combined effects of increased precipitation and air temperature, with remarkable spatial heterogeneity. 4) When regionally averaged, completely thawed days increased faster in the thermokarst-affected areas than in their primarily distributed grasslands—alpine steppe (47.69%) and alpine meadow (22.64%)—likely because of their stronger “warming effect” of precipitation. Locally, paired comparison within 3 × 3 pixel windows from MODIS data revealed consistent results, which were pronounced when the thermokarst-affected area exceeded about 38% per 1 km². Conclusively, the “warming and wetting” climate has significantly altered soil freeze–thaw processes on the QTP, with the frozen soil environment in thermokarst-affected areas, dominated by thermokarst lakes, undergoing more rapid degradation. These insights are crucial for predicting freeze–thaw dynamics and assessing their ecological impacts on alpine grasslands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108936"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satellite images reveal soil color changes in typical black soil region of China: brighter, redder, and yellower","authors":"Xiang Wang ,&nbsp;Sijia Li ,&nbsp;Chaosheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Dehua Mao ,&nbsp;Liping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The soil quality of cropland in the black soil region of China has been declining, and soil color is the most intuitive soil parameter reflecting soil degradation. While there is substantial research on changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) in this region, studies on soil color changes are relatively scarce. This study quantitatively investigated the soil color changes in a typical black soil region of China (Black soils and Chernozems) over the past 32 years based on conversions of CIELAB color space and Munsell color system from remote sensing data. Landsat images of 1990 and 2022 were acquired through Google Earth Engine, and Synthetic Soil Image (SYSI) system were applied to obtain the barest soil images before converting to soil color. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values were calculated to analyze the contributions of environmental factors. Our study indicated that: (1) The lightness values, red-green and blue-yellow components of cropland in the typical black soil region have shown an increasing trend from 1990 to 2022, becoming brighter, redder and yellower; (2) Areas with hues G (Green), GY (Green-Yellow) and Y (Yellow) have gradually decreased, with 10GY 1/2 showing the largest reduction of 9,500 km2, while the area with hue YR (Yellow-Red) has been gradually increasing with 10YR 1/2 showing the largest increase of 28808 km² for Munsell soil colors in the typical black soil region; (3) The contribution of precipitation to soil color changes is the largest, leading to increases of 0.1945 and 0.5978 for lightness in the typical black soil region and Chernozems, respectively, and the effect of topographic factors on Chernozems is greater than on Black soils. Our results provide quantitative evidence for understanding soil degradation in the typical black soil region and demonstrate that soil color can serve as an effective parameter for monitoring soil changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 108958"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}