Catena最新文献

{"title":"Sediment and soil source apportionment using geochemical fingerprinting techniques in the Winam Gulf, Lake Victoria","authors":"Olivier S. Humphrey ,&nbsp;Job Isaboke ,&nbsp;Odipo Osano ,&nbsp;Christopher Mulanda Aura ,&nbsp;William H. Blake ,&nbsp;Michael J. Watts","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accelerated soil erosion is a major cause of land degradation in East Africa’s agricultural and pastoral landscapes with severe consequences for food, water and livelihood security. In this study, we aimed to provide a tool to support the sustainable management of land and water resources in a region significantly impacted by land degradation. We employed source apportionment methods to quantify the relative contribution of sediment sources within the Nyando and Sondu-Miriu River basins and their subcatchments in the Winam Gulf, Kenya. A total of 237 riverbed sediment samples and 76 composite surface soil samples were collected from the Nyando and Sondu-Miriu River basins. The total elemental concentrations of these samples, determined using ICP-MS/MS, were utilised as geochemical tracer properties. Conservativeness index, consensus ranking and consistent tracer selection methods were then used to identify the optimum unmixing tracers before applying the frequentist unmixing model FingerPro to determine sediment provenance. Sediment source analysis revealed that the Ainamutua and Nyando-Kipchorian subcatchments, areas predominantly affected by land degradation activities such as poor crop management practices and deforestation on steep slopes, contributed 39 ± 4 % and 44 ± 4 %, respectively. In contrast, the Awach Kano and Nyaidho subcatchment, with a higher proportion of tree-cover and lower soil erosion rates, only contributed 17 ± 7 %. In the Sondu-Miriu, the Yurith and Kipsonoi subcatchments contributed 68 ± 5 % and 20 ± 6 %, respectively, due to the predominance of forest encroachment and ridges in the Yurith subcatchment. Additional fingerprinting analysis within each<!--> <!-->of the Nyando and Sondu-Miriu basins reveals the significance of land use, landform and soil types on source contributions. Quantifying sediment source contributions within large river basins provides essential information for environmental managers and policymakers developing integrated catchment management plans. The results from this study can be used to implement sustainable land use policy focused on soil restoration in the Lake Victoria drainage basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109053"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient inputs control the carbon sequestration efficiency of peatlands in the northern margins of the East Asian Summer Monsoon","authors":"Mingming Zhang ,&nbsp;John P. Smol ,&nbsp;Wenkai Liu ,&nbsp;Li Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The peatlands at the northern margins of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) are an important carbon pool for the global carbon cycle. However, the major factors that influence the carbon flux and carbon sequestration of these peatlands remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the carbon flux and carbon sequestration history of the Gangwayao peatland at the northern margins of the EASM to explore these issues. Macrofossil evidence indicates that this peatland developed from a fen to a bog over the past 4700 years. Carbon flux parameters, such as net carbon pool (NCP) representing the carbon sequestration potential, net carbon uptake (NCU) representing carbon input, net carbon release (NCR) indicating carbon loss and net carbon accumulation rate (NCAR) of this peatland were mainly controlled by nutrient inputs. Additionally, correlation analysis suggested that the NCU has significant impact on the NCAR and NCAR, further affecting the NCP. The NCU and NCAR were controlled by nitrogen and phosphorus inputs released by human activity and tephra deposition. The carbon sequestration modes in the study area can be identified as two types. The first type is a high carbon sequestration efficiency mode, when human activities and frequent volcanic eruptions provided nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which promoted the high productivity of peat vegetation and the high carbon sequestration efficiency of the peatland. The second type is a low carbon sequestration efficiency mode, when fewer nutrient additions from human activities resulted in low productivity of peat vegetation and the low carbon sequestration efficiency of the peatland. These results extend our understanding of the connections between human activity, volcanic activity and carbon sequestration in peatlands, which provide a foundation for future predictions of the carbon sequestration potential of peatlands at the northern margins of the EASM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109057"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevation and seasonal variation patterns of soil respiration components and their influencing factors in Pinus taiwanensis forests in Wuyi mountain, China","authors":"Chenlu Zhu ,&nbsp;Jinlong Li ,&nbsp;Jun Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaocai Ge ,&nbsp;Dandan Hu ,&nbsp;Quanlin Zhong ,&nbsp;Dongliang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how elevation gradients influence soil respiration in forest ecosystems is crucial for predicting carbon (C) dynamics under climate change. This study conducted long-term monitoring of <em>Pinus taiwanensis</em> forest soil respiration across elevation gradient and examined the response mechanisms of soil respiration and temperature sensitivity to elevation-driven variations in soil environmental factors in the Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve. The results revealed that the monthly dynamics of soil respiration rate closely aligned with soil temperature fluctuations. The Van’t Hoff model effectively captured the relationship among soil respiration with soil temperature, explaining up to 90 % of the observed variation. The relationship between soil moisture and soil respiration was not adequately captured by a univariate equation (<em>R</em>² = 0.001–0.195). However, soil moisture still accounted for an average of 9.62 % of the variation in soil respiration and temperature sensitivity (<em>Q</em>₁₀). Notably, soil moisture exhibited a significant negative correlation with the <em>Q</em>₁₀ of heterotrophic respiration (<em>Q</em>_RH) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) and was significantly associated with other soil environmental factors (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Both the annual flux of total soil respiration (<em>E</em>_RS) and heterotrophic respiration (<em>E</em>_RH) decreased with increasing elevation. The annual flux of autotrophic respiration (<em>E</em>_RA) and <em>E</em>_RA/<em>E</em>_RS initially increased with elevation before declining, while <em>E</em>_RH/<em>E</em>_RS and <em>E</em>_RH/<em>E</em>_RA displayed the inverse trend. The <em>Q</em>₁₀ did not exhibit a linear increase with elevation but rather fluctuated within the 1400 m-1600 m. The <em>Q</em>₁₀ showed a significant positive correlation with acid phosphatase (ACP) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), whereas available phosphorus (AP) exhibited an inverse relationship (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Overall, random forest analysis revealed that soil environmental factors explained 89.15 %-95.21 % of the variation in soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity across the elevation gradient, with soil moisture and temperature contributing 9.62 % and 5.65 %, respectively. Additionally, ACP, nitrate nitrogen (NO₃-N) and soil organic carbon (SOC) were also identified as key explanatory variables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109055"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of intercropping with forage soybean on the rhizosphere soil nutrients of tea plants","authors":"Yuhang Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Lin ,&nbsp;Haibin Wang ,&nbsp;Yina Xu ,&nbsp;Wenxiong Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intercropping agriculture has important theoretical and practical significance for solving many problems faced by intensive tea orchards. Forage legumes have great advantages in reducing fertilizer use to increase fertilizer efficiency. Currently, intercropping with legumes has certain effects on improving the environment of tea orchards and tea quality. However, these methods are often not comprehensive enough because the effects of the rhizosphere on the soil fertility of tea plants are frequently ignored. Therefore, four types of planting patterns were tested: monoculture Tieguanyin tea plant (MT), Laredo forage soybean (<em>Glycine</em> max Linn.) no barrier intercropping with tea (IT), plastic partition intercropping with tea (PPIT), and net partition intercropping with tea (NPIT). Nutrient uptake by tea plant roots mediated by forage legumes according to a noninvasive microtest (NIT) showed that the uptake rates of NO₃^– and NH₄⁺ fluxes increased by 95.91 % and 132.33 %, respectively (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The determination of amino sugars in different tea rhizosphere soils by GC-MS revealed that 6.25-fold more amino sugars were enriched in the rhizosphere. Al speciation distribution analysis revealed that rhizosphere effects shifted exchangeable Al to organic-bound forms, reducing exchangeable Al by 28.5 % and increasing organic Al by 12.7 % (both <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Intercropping significantly enhanced tea rhizosphere soil enzyme activity, including 29.80 % sucrase, 171.40 % cellulase, 40.30 % urease and 62.40 % peroxidase. It also had greater 12.50 % MBC, 38.80 % MBN and 17.80 % MBP than those in monocultural tea. Reducing exchangeable Al³⁺ accumulation on soil aggregates enhanced CEC and alkalinity, boosting soil buffering capacity to alleviate tea rhizosphere acidification. The rhizosphere effect increased the temporal stability of the fertility of the rhizosphere of tea plants. These findings will help us better understand the effect of the rhizosphere on soil fertility and provide a solid theoretical basis for tea cultivation and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109060"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Upper Paleolithic paleolandscapes: A record in the paleosol-sedimentary sequence of the archaeological site Kostenki 17 (Voronezh region, Russia)","authors":"F.G. Kurbanova ,&nbsp;E.A. Konstantinov ,&nbsp;M.P. Lebedeva ,&nbsp;A.A. Bessudnov ,&nbsp;O.I. Manakova ,&nbsp;V.V. Ponomareva ,&nbsp;M.V. Portnyagin ,&nbsp;A.V. Pochikalov ,&nbsp;R.S. Shukhvostov ,&nbsp;M.Yu. Alexandrin ,&nbsp;T.A. Puzanova","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Kostenki-Borshevo archaeological complex, located on the right bank of the Don Valley, is the largest cluster of Upper Paleolithic sites in Eastern Europe. Despite extensive research, many paleoecological issues related to these sites remain unresolved, particularly those concerning the history of their surface and pedogenic processes. In this study, we focus on the topography and the colluvial paleosol–sediment sequence at Kostenki 17 (K-17) as one of the most representative sites in terms of landscape record completeness. Our research involved geodetic surveys, drilling, tephra analysis, and a variety of soil-lithological methods, including grain size analysis, loss on ignition (LOI), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), organic carbon content (TOC), and both macro- and micromorphological analyses.</div><div>The results of the research made it possible to trace the stages of the recent geological history of the K-17 site and to reconsider some established ideas about the sedimentation and pedogenic processes that formed the deposits containing cultural layers. We have shown that the K-17 site is not part of a river terrace, as was often previously believed, but belongs to a colluvial cover leaning against the base of the bedrock slope of the valley. Convincing evidence was found for the presence of permafrost and solifluction process, which deformed the so-called Upper Humic Bed (UHB, second part of MIS 3), containing cultural layer I. Additionally, we have identified that the formation of the paleosols within the UHB was significantly impacted by humans. The high saturation of wood and bone charcoal, as well as artefacts, point to an anthropogenic influence on soil formation. For the first time, reliable geochemical evidence has been obtained for the source of volcanic ash at the K-17 site. We made the assumption that the site was chosen for settlement by Paleolithic humans based on its geomorphological position.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109011"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of soil detachment and erodibility to perennial fibrous-rooted vegetation coverage (Stipa bungeana) on the Loess Plateau","authors":"Zhengchao Zhou ,&nbsp;Qunwei Zheng ,&nbsp;Mingyu Chen ,&nbsp;Ning Wang ,&nbsp;Jun’e Liu ,&nbsp;Bingbing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the widespread application of revegetation for soil and water conservation, yet the mechanisms and pathways by which vegetation coverage modulates soil detachment (Dr) and erodibility (kr) remain poorly characterized. This study examined 5 distinct vegetation coverages (0 % (cornfield), 15–25 %, 35–45 %, 55–65 %, and 75–85 %) of <em>Stipa bungeana</em>, a typical perennial fibrous-rooted vegetation, across 3 representative sampling sites on the Loess Plateau to quantitatively assess vegetation coverage effects on Dr and kr dynamics. Our results demonstrated that as vegetation coverage increased, soil bulk density decreased; while soil organic matter and root properties (the densities of root volume, length, surface area, and mass) improved. Structural equation modeling revealed that Dr, kr, and critical shear stress (τ_c) were regulated by synergistic interactions between vegetation roots and soil properties, with vegetation restoration exerting its primary influence through root properties. The kr was more significantly affected by soil properties (path coefficient of −0.53) compared to root properties (path coefficient of −0.45), whereas τ_c was primarily influenced by root properties. Vegetation restoration effectively reduced Dr under varying water flow intensities, and the influence of root properties on Dr increased with increasing water flow, showing a significant increasing trend in the absolute values of path coefficients (R² = 0.87, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Notably, site-specific variations in erosion mitigation efficiency were observed under equivalent vegetation coverage levels, highlighting the necessity of incorporating local edaphic factors when optimizing vegetation restoration strategies. Future investigations should encompass a broader spectrum of vegetation functional types across heterogeneous edaphic environments to establish a robust scientific framework for optimizing revegetation protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109043"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiment and analysis of high water retention coal gangue reconstructed soil in the mining area of the farming-pastoral ecotone in China","authors":"Chenming Wu ,&nbsp;Zixun Yan ,&nbsp;Yingui Cao ,&nbsp;Jinxin He ,&nbsp;Lanjian Wu ,&nbsp;Rongliulian Luo ,&nbsp;Yuechuan Hu ,&nbsp;Danfeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongwei Du","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to the unique climatic conditions and ecologically fragile characteristics of farming-pastoral ecotone regions, soil reconstruction in mining areas must be performed with caution to ensure favorable soil moisture. In this study, to explore an appropriate method for reconstructing soil with coal gangue, a three-stage indoor soil column experiment was conducted to investigate the Soil Water Content (SWC) characteristics, vertical water distribution pattern, and water-holding capacity of reconstructed soil with different mixture ratios and thicknesses, as well as the changes in SWC before and after watering and fertilization activities. The Coal Gangue-mixed Topsoil (CGTS) 1:1 (mixing ratio) exhibited the best recovery effect (39.51 %) and the SWC in the 60-cm and 50-cm thick soil was superior to that in the 40-cm soil. The water movement in the reconstructed soil was similar to that of the control group and all the experimental groups could adapt well to watering and the application of organic fertilizer; however there were significant differences in the water-holding capacities of the various experimental groups, whereas the CGTS1:1a and CGTS2:1c groups reached the level of undamaged soil (51.78 % and 60.42 %, respectively). Accordingly this research indicates that in the farming-pastoral ecotone mining area, a 1:1 ratio of gangue to topsoil and a 60 cm thickness of the reconstructed layer can achieve good volumetric water content and water-holding capacity, providing certain references for soil reconstruction and sustainable use of mining solid waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109046"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced climate control on carbon accumulation dynamics in Sihe peatland, Northeast China, over the past 2200 years","authors":"Yanmin Dong ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Xu ,&nbsp;Shengzhong Wang ,&nbsp;Hongkai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peatlands are vital terrestrial carbon sinks because of their exceptional carbon sequestration capacity. Understanding the processes and factors influencing carbon accumulation is critical for elucidating the principles governing peatland carbon dynamics, thereby supporting global climate change mitigation efforts. This study reconstructed the carbon accumulation history of the Sihe (SH) peatland, a minerotrophic fen in the Changbai Mountains of northeastern China, over the past 2200 years. Carbon stable isotopes (δ¹³C) of α-cellulose in <em>Carex</em> spp. and grain-size-sensitive components were identified as effective indicators of peatland moisture and hydrological conditions, whereas plant macrofossil analysis was performed to track the temporal changes in vegetation composition. The results indicated that the moisture condition and hydrological supply in the SH peatland have exhibited a declining trend over the past 2200 years, reflecting a strong sensitivity to centennial-scale variations in precipitation and humidity within the Changbai Mountains. During the Roman Warm Period (RWP) and the Dark Age Cold Period (DACP), despite higher summer solar insolation, greater seasonality, elevated regional temperatures, and abundant precipitation, the CAR in the SH peatland remained relatively low. This suggested that the influence of climate on CAR was constrained by other factors. During the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and Little Ice Age (LIA), climate had a pronounced impact on CAR. Under warm and humid conditions, peatlands exhibited an elevated CAR, whereas the cold and arid conditions of the LIA led to a significant decline. Notably, the CAR of the SH peatland demonstrated no significant response to local moisture, indicating a complex relationship between hydrological conditions and carbon accumulation dynamics. This study emphasized that climate could not always be the primary driver of CAR in peatlands, with vegetation composition and local autogenic processes playing critical roles. However, the influence of climate on carbon accumulation dynamics may intensify as the peat layers accumulate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109056"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentary facies drive the development of organic-rich Podzols from a tropical barrier island","authors":"Pedro Martinez ,&nbsp;Paulo César Fonseca Giannini ,&nbsp;Josiane M. Lopes-Mazzeto ,&nbsp;Gabriel Ramatis Pugliese Andrade ,&nbsp;Rosana Gandini ,&nbsp;Fillipe S. Marini ,&nbsp;Pablo Vidal-Torrado","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dissolved organic matter (DOM) retention in deep soil is an important process of carbon sequestration, especially for Podzols, which are soils with an accumulation of organic matter and/or oxides in the subsoil. Although DOM is immobilized at the soil subsurface by the saturation of organic complexes with metals (Fe and Al) during podzolization (i.e. the process of Podzol formation), such a chemical mechanism may have a minor effect in soils poor in Fe and Al. Here, we leverage the negligible content of organic-complexed Fe and Al in three Podzol profiles from Ilha Comprida (Southeastern Brazil) to determine the particle size distribution and sedimentary structures inherited from the parent material that enhances podzolization. The investigated Podzols have unique sequences of sedimentary facies, i.e., a body of sediments with a specific combination of mineral assemblages, fabrics, grain size, and depositional or penecontemporaneous structures, both biological and physical, reflecting specific depositional processes. Our results indicate that podzolization via DOM retention increases in response to two hydrologic mechanisms: (i) <em>capillary break</em> at the interface of sedimentary facies with a mean sand size of 2.6 ± 0.3 phi (small pores) over a layer of a mean sand size of 1.9 ± 0.2 phi (large pores); and (ii) <em>physical barrier</em> for vertical water percolation at the abrupt textural transition between sandy-over-clayey sedimentary facies. Both mechanisms influence the formation of the Bh and Bhm horizons. We suggest that studies on organic carbon dynamics and soil classification efforts should recognize the prowess of sedimentary facies and the contact between them in retaining substantial amounts of organic matter in deep soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109045"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ConToGCN: A landslide susceptibility assessment model considering contour topographic features in slope units using graph convolution network","authors":"Jingru Ma ,&nbsp;Zhigang Han ,&nbsp;Feng Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Wang ,&nbsp;Jiyuan Hu ,&nbsp;Pan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Landslide susceptibility assessment (LSA) plays a critical role in disaster prevention and mitigation. While machine learning techniques have been widely applied to LSA with notable progress, they face limitations in LSA precision, and struggle to capture micro-topographic features with multi-points instead of single one in slope units. To address these limitations, this study proposes an LSA model based on contour topographic features and Graph Convolution Networks (ConToGCN). First, the graph structure for each slope unit is built by generating nodes and edges from contour lines. Next, 9 factors, including elevation, are extracted for graph nodes using feature engineering, and the steepness between nodes is calculated to identify critical features such as steep scarps and flow zones. The ConToGCN model is then developed to aggregate adjacent node features and generate landslide probability. Changxing County in Zhejiang, China, was selected as the study area. A dataset comprising 124 landslide and 124 non-landslide samples was collected, with 70% used for training and 30% for testing. A comparative performance evaluation was conducted against Graphormer, a GCN model based on slope unit centroids (CentGCN), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results demonstrate ConToGCN model outperforms these other models, with an area under the ROC (AUROC) of 0.93 and an area under the PR curve (AUPR) of 0.94. This represents improvements of 14.81% and 14.63% over the SVM model, respectively. The ConToGCN model effectively captured the complex topographic structures and improved the LSA precision significantly. We believe the model provides a novel approach to landslide disaster prevention and mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109029"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}