Catena最新文献

{"title":"Synchronous climate and civilization changes spanning the Common Era: High-resolution biomarker record from a mountain peat in East China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Knowledge of climate changes over the past 2000 years can provide insights into the interplay between human activity and natural forcing, and improve projections of future changes in climate and the environment. Here, branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs), total organic carbon (TOC), and total nitrogen (TN) proxies from a well-preserved Dahutang (DHT) peat core were used to reconstruct local paleotemperature and effective moisture. Our results indicated that changes in mean annual air temperature (MAAT) and effective moisture around the peat DHT were broadly synchronous since 200 CE, and had a colder and drier period during 200–750 CE, followed by a warmest and wettest stage during 750–1450 CE coincident with the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and a coldest and driest period during 1450–1900 CE corresponding to the Little Ice Age (LIA). The regional biomarkers results suggested that there was a decrease in MAAT of 1–3 ℃ on the East Asian continent from the MWP to the LIA. A regional collection of hydrology-sensitive paleorecords showed that there was a tripole mode of precipitation variations in the East China (north of 25 °N) during the LIA. A cooler and more variable hydroclimate during the LIA in East China could be an important trigger for the collapse of Ming Dynasty by increasing the frequency of epidemics and wars. The unfavorable climate condition was probably triggered by low solar irradiance, and aggravated by sea surface temperature (SST) changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vineyard reclamation alters soil properties and microbial community in desertified land","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The reclamation of non-productive desertified land is a crucial step towards addressing the issue of a deteriorating ecological environment and expanding the cultivable land area. The effectiveness of soil nutrition and the quality of the environment can be determined by changes in microbial composition and diversity. This study aims to investigate the impact of desertification and reclamation years on microbial composition and diversity, as well as to comprehend the primary soil physicochemical factors that influence the composition of microflora in soil. Soil samples from one naturally deserted land and four vineyards with different reclamation years of 5, 10, 15 and 20 years were collected using the cutting ring method. The diversity and composition of microbial communities in these samples were assessed using metagenomic sequencing. The results revealed significant variations in soil microbial community diversity and composition. The most common phyla of bacteria were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria, while the most common phyla of fungi were Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Basidiomycota. The principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) demonstrated that the composition of the bacterial and fungal community tended to stabilization with increasing reclamation years. The Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) technique identified biomarkers in vineyards with varying reclamation years. The coexistence network revealed the different topological structures of fungi and bacteria in various soil layers. The network of fungi and bacteria in the topsoil had higher density than that in the subsurface soil. Mantel test analysis indicated that available phosphorus (AP) and total phosphorus (TP) exhibited a significant positive correlation with the α-diversity of bacterial communities in the topsoil, while bulk density (BD) and soil organic carbon (SOC) had an extremely significant positive correlation with the α-diversity of fungi communities in the topsoil. The Redundancy analysis (RDA) further revealed that microbial community composition was driven by BD, pH, and SOC. These findings suggest that viticulture in desertified locations can enhance soil physicochemical characteristics and microbial diversity, thereby improving the soil quality of reclaimed land.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the origins and development of Catena: Reflecting 50 years of interdisciplinary publishing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108397","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy assessment of the geomorphon approach to detect ecological sites in the Dry Chaco region of Argentina","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ecological sites are a classification of local-land types based on differences in important environmental factors including soil properties, slope and landscape position within a geomorphologic and climatic zone. The concept is pivotal to conduct adaptative management in arid rangelands because it defines homogeneous areas over which specific soil-vegetation-disturbance dynamic occurs. Geomorphon is a computationally efficient method that uses Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) for the classification of landforms at multiple scales. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the geomorphon approach to map ecological sites in a 11,259-ha study area within the Dry Chaco region of Argentina, utilizing local topographic positions along soil catena as a predictor of broader ecological sites classes. We used two DEM pixel resolutions (12.5 m and 30 m) and optimized the flatness threshold (<em>t</em>) and search radius (<em>L</em>) geomorphon parameters. As “ground truth” we used legacy data of 62 soil profiles descriptions. The geomorphon elements detected were reclassified into the three main ecological sites of the study area: highlands, midlands and lowlands. We used the overall disagreement (<em>D</em>) as the main metric for evaluating the accuracy of ecological site classifications. We found that: i) the lowest <em>t</em> value (0.05°) captured subtle topographical changes and thus more effectively reflected the soil-landscape relationship, and ii) larger <em>L</em> values paired with the lower pixel resolution (30 m) diminished the impact of minor landforms, improving the accuracy of ecological site detections. We determined that the geomorphon model with the pixel resolution of 30 m, <em>t</em>-value of 0.05°, and <em>L</em>-value of 12 produced the ecological site classification map with the highest accuracy, achieving a moderate-high accuracy (<em>D</em> of 33.9 %). Our study suggests that the geomorphon approach shows potential for consistent, reproducible and easily updatable ecological site mapping over larger areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The spatial variability of temporal changes in soil organic carbon and its drivers in a mountainous agricultural region of China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mountainous agricultural region of China (MARC) is characterized by complex natural conditions, fragmented farmland landscapes, and rapid socio-economic development. The relative contribution of these factors to the spatiotemporal variability of soil organic carbon (SOC) in MARC remains unclear. In this work, a total of 5121 topsoil (0–20 cm) samples (2,883 in 2012 and 2,238 in 2021) were collected from a typical mountainous area (43,700 km²) of MARC. Descriptive statistics, semivariance analysis, random forest (RF), and partial dependence plot (PDP) analyses were applied to investigate the spatiotemporal variability of SOC and its relationships with natural factors (climate, topography, and lithology), landscape pattern indices, and socio-economic factors. The average SOC content in 2021 (13.86 g kg⁻¹) was significantly lower than that in 2012 (15.08 g kg⁻¹). SOC exhibited moderate spatial autocorrelation in both years, with nugget/sill ratios of 58.98 % in 2012 and 64.16 % in 2021, respectively. The RF model explained 51 % of the spatial variation in SOC changes. Mean annual precipitation (MAP), GDP changes, elevation, population density changes, and landscape contagion index were identified as the main factors affecting the spatial variability of SOC changes. PDP analyses revealed that SOC decline was more pronounced at higher elevation and MAP, but this trend slowed down in areas experiencing faster economic growth and population outflow. Moreover, SOC decline was more severe in highly connected landscapes. These findings highlighted the influence of landscape pattern and socio-economic factors in the spatiotemporal variability of SOC, providing valuable insights for developing effective SOC management strategies for mountain agriculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global analysis of the effects of forest thinning on soil N stocks and dynamics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forest thinning is a critical management measure for changing the forest community structure and improving the soil microclimate and nitrogen (N) cycle. However, differences in forest types, thinning intensity, recovery time, and climate conditions make the accumulation of soil N under forest thinning uncertain; especially the soil N accumulation rate is still lacking. This study systematically discusses the effects of forest thinning on the rate of soil N stock change (RNC) and analyzes the relationship between the RNC and the rate of soil carbon (C) stock change (RCC) by synthesizing 387 global data points. Forest thinning significantly increased the soil N stock, with the RNC being +0.07 Mg/ha yr⁻¹. The RNCs in coniferous and mixed forests (+0.07 and +0.09 Mg/ha yr⁻¹, respectively) were higher than that in broadleaf forest (−0.03 Mg/ha yr⁻¹). Heavy forest thinning inhibited soil N accumulation; however, light forest thinning and long-term recovery were more conducive to improving it. The RNC decreased with increasing precipitation and temperature under forest thinning. Additionally, the RNC was positively correlated with the RCC. Overall, heavy forest thinning decreases the soil N accumulation rate in the global forest ecosystem; conversely, long-term recovery increases it. Reducing the forest thinning intensity and extending the recovery time can accelerate soil N accumulation and thus reduce greenhouse gas emissions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maintaining biocrusts in grasslands above a threshold coverage is vital for soil erosion control in drylands","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biocrusts (biological soil crusts) are ubiquitous living surface covers in dryland grasslands that play critical roles in erosion control. However, the performance of biocrusts in soil conservation in grasslands remains uncertain due to the limited knowledge of the linkage between biocrust coverage and soil loss. We established eight treatments, including bare soil, 30 % grass alone, and 30 % grass with biocrusts, with coverage ranging between 10 % and 60 %. The runoff rate, hydrodynamic parameters, and sediment yield rate were investigated via simulated rainfall experiments at an intensity of 90 mm h⁻¹. We found that biocrusts significantly increased the soil surface roughness and Darcy–Weisbach resistance coefficient, leading to a decrease in flow velocity, Reynolds number, and Froude number in grasslands. Thus, biocrusts were found to significantly reduce runoff rate and sediment yield rate from grasslands compared to bare soil. Both the decrement of runoff rate (R) and sediment yield rate (S) were exponentially correlated with increasing biocrust coverage (R=0.981exp(−0.012x), <em>R</em>² = 0.639; S=13.515exp(−0.045x), <em>R</em>² = 0.889). There was a threshold coverage (35 %) for the impact of biocrusts on the sediment yield rate. Further analysis by the structural equation model (SEM) revealed that biocrusts influenced sediment yield through direct cover (path coefficient of −0.49) and indirectly by reducing runoff and velocity with path coefficients of −0.55 and −0.60, respectively. Results of this study break our preconceived notion that grasses are often thought to be the key to erosion control, when in fact biocrusts play an unignorable role in erosion control in grasslands. The study highlighted the importance of maintaining biocrusts to a threshold coverage in grasslands for soil erosion control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in rill detachment capacity after deforestation and soil conservation practices in forestlands of Northern Iran","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rill erosion is particularly intense after deforestation on hillslopes with steep and long profiles. Since the rill detachment capacity (“D_c”) shows a noticeable variability resulting from different soil properties and vegetation characteristics, there is a need to explore the changes in key soil properties and rill erosion rates under different natural or planted species and a variety of soil conservation practices after deforestation. This study evaluates the changes in four key soil properties (organic carbon content, bulk density and water-stable aggregates of soil, and weight density of plant roots) and rill detachment capacity in forest sites with natural tree species as well as in areas subjected to reforestation and soil conservation treatments in comparison to deforested sites. To this aim, 2000 soil samples have been collected in forestlands of Northern Iran. Sampling was done in deforested areas (assumed as reference condition), and in forest sites 14 plant species (natural or after reforestation). Deforested samples were subjected to five soil conservation treatments (using additives or hydromulching). On all soil samples, D_c has been measured in a laboratory flume at five water flow rates (0.27 to 0.69 L/m s⁻¹) and five soil slopes (5.9 to 31.7 %). All soil properties, when compared to the reference condition, were significantly different (between −50 % to 124 %) among the three soil conditions (natural forests, reforested soils and deforested and treated sites), the natural forests and the treated sites showing a better quality compared to planted forests. D_c was noticeably lower in all conditions (0.022 ± 0.021 kg m⁻² s⁻¹) compared to the deforested and untreated sites (0.046 ± 0.023 kg m⁻² s⁻¹). Natural and planted forests showed a similar decrease in rill erodibility (−70 to 80 %), while a much lower reduction in D_c (−36 %) was measured for the treated areas. Overall, the study demonstrates that the changes in soil properties due to plant species and soil management as well as the associated variability in rill detachment are noticeably site-specific, and greatly depend on soil conservation treatments. The results of this study may give landscape planners clear indications about the relationships between rill detachment and the associated soil properties among treated and untreated (natural or reforested) soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fate of soil organic carbon in estuarine mangroves: Evidences from stable isotopes and lignin biomarkers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal wetlands are increasingly recognized for their role in climate change mitigation, particularly through the sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC). Despite widespread acknowledgement of their importance, the variation in organic carbon (OC) sources among different estuarine mangrove wetlands, and how these sources interact with environmental factors, is not fully elucidated. This research focuses on the role of estuarine mangrove wetlands in climate change mitigation through SOC sequestration. It explores the distribution, sources, and decomposition of SOC in a wetland with four mangrove communities along a tidal gradient. These include a tidal flat, a <em>Sonneratia apetala</em> forest, a mixed <em>S. apetala</em> and <em>Kandelia obovata</em> forest, and a <em>K. obovata</em> forest. The study employs biogenic element analysis (C, N, lignin phenols) and natural stable carbon isotope ratios (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) to assess SOC. Key findings show a decrease in SOC and total nitrogen (TN) from the upstream <em>K. obovata</em> forest to the downstream tidal flat. A stable isotope mixing model reveals a diminishing mangrove-derived OC contribution in topsoil (0–40 cm), estimated at 62 % in the <em>K. obovata</em> forest, 45 % in the central region, and 24 % in tidal flats. Soil profiles suggest microbial decomposition as the main isotope fractionation mechanism, with lignin analysis indicating woody angiosperms as the primary OC source. These findings enhance understanding of OC origins and decomposition in coastal wetlands and inform “blue carbon” management, highlighting the terrestrial-estuary continuum's significance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertilization and tillage influence on soil organic carbon fractions: A global meta-analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2024.108404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil<!--> <span><span>organic carbon</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> <!-->(SOC), as the largest terrestrial carbon pool, plays an important role in global carbon cycling, which is significantly impacted by agricultural practices. However, our ability to accurately detect and predict the impacts of fertilization and tillage on<!--> <span><span>SOC dynamics</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> <!-->is still limited. Investigating the effects of fertilization and tillage on different SOC fractions [i.e. mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), free POC (frPOC), occluded POC (oPOC), coarse POC (cPOC), and fine POC (fiPOC)]can aid in the understanding of overall SOC accumulation and stabilization. To this end, we evaluated the fertilization and tillage influences on SOC fractions through a global <em>meta</em>-analysis. We also quantified the role of environmental and agronomic factors in modulating these effects. Fertilization increased SOC fractions by mean percent change (MPC)13 %-77 %, while tillage decreased by MPC 4 %-63 %. Among them, cPOC was the most sensitive to fertilization, while frPOC had the highest sensitivity to tillage. MAOC was the least sensitive to both practices. The application of organic fertilizer increased MAOC, SOC, and POC the most (MPC 20 %-77 %), while mineral-organic fertilizer increased frPOC, oPOC, fiPOC, and cPOC the most (MPC 81 %-126 %). Fertilization in alkaline soils with warm and humid (MAT=16–24 °C, MAP&gt;1000 mm) climate could maximally increase SOC contents from various fractions in surface layer (&lt;20 cm depth), particularly when the altitude was 500–1000 m. However, tillage in acidic soils with low temperatures and rainy climate (MAT=8–16 °C, MAP&gt;1000 mm) reduced the contents of SOC fractions the most in deep layer (&gt;40 cm depth), especially at altitudes greater than 2000 m. Whether under fertilization or tillage, POC (occupying 62 %-74 %) consistently contributed more to SOC than MAOC (26 %-38 %). Overall, we suggest that SOC fractions should be prioritized over total SOC when evaluating the effects of site-specific management strategies on carbon sequestration in agricultural lands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}