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{"title":"Improved mangrove α-diversity estimation by coupling multispectral satellite images, canopy traits and soil properties","authors":"Zongzhu Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Pan ,&nbsp;Tingtian Wu ,&nbsp;Tiezhu Shi ,&nbsp;Jinrui Lei ,&nbsp;Yuanling Li ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Chen ,&nbsp;Junjie Huang ,&nbsp;Zhensheng Wang ,&nbsp;Yiqing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise monitoring of spatial patterns and dynamic changes in mangrove biodiversity promote the sustainable development of mangrove ecosystems. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive knowledge about the role of canopy traits and soil properties on the remote estimation of mangrove species biodiversity. This study investigated 27 modeling strategies, encompassing three regression models (eXtreme gradient boosting, XGBoost; random forest, RF; partial least squares regression, PLSR), three data splitting methods (random splitting, RS; Kennard-Stone algorithm, KS; sample set partitioning based on joint x-y distance, SPXY), and three types of remote sensing datasets (high spatial resolution imagery from WorldView-2 (WV2), medium spatial resolution imagery from Sentinel-2 (S2), and their combination) in estimating the mangrove α-diversity indices (Simpson diversity index, SDI; Shannon-wiener diversity index, SHDI; Pielou evenness index, PEI) in Qinglan Provincial Nature Reserve, China. Moreover, this study aimed to examine whether the additional incorporation of plant-soil parameters (six canopy traits and six soil properties) could enhance estimation accuracy compared to the optimal model using image features alone. Among the 27 modeling strategies, the results demonstrated that the combination of WV2 and S2 images led to the XGBoost model using the KS splitting, the RF model using the SPXY splitting, and the XGBoost model using the SPXY splitting achieving the best performance in estimating SDI (R²_val = 0.731, RRMSE_val = 0.182, RPD = 1.735, RPD stands for residual prediction deviation in the validation), SHDI (R²_val = 0.631, RRMSE_val = 0.384, RPD = 1.646), and PEI (R²_val = 0.856, RRMSE_val = 0.170, RPD = 2.592), respectively. Based on these optimal models, the inclusion of canopy height and leaf SPAD (relative leaf chlorophyll content) further improved the accuracy of SDI estimation, while the addition of canopy height, soil C/N ratio in the 0–20 cm layer, leaf SPAD, and leaf TN enhanced SHDI estimation accuracy. Additionally, the incorporation of soil C/N ratio in the 20–40 cm layer notably increased the accuracy of PEI estimation. The inclusion of these variables led to an increase in R²_val by 6.07–17.65 %, a decrease in RRMSE_val by 10.00–17.58 %, and an improvement in RPD by 10.88–32.86 % compared to the original model in estimating the three α-diversity indices. We concluded that coupling multispectral satellite images, canopy traits and soil properties holds great potential in improving α-diversity estimation. The findings could provide methodological insights into precise mapping of biodiversity indices in mangrove forests and enhance understanding of the interaction between plant biodiversity, canopy traits, and soil properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108813"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of soil crust on the prediction of soil organic matter based on soil colour","authors":"Caiwu Wu ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Wu ,&nbsp;Ye Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a pivotal role in enhancing soil quality and structure. Given the darkening effect of SOM on soil colour, rapid SOM prediction can be achieved by quantifying soil surface colour. However, owing to heterogeneity in soil surfaces and differences in colour acquisition between laboratory and field environments for various sensors, understanding the transferability of laboratory findings to field applications is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to uniquely evaluate the effects of soil crusts formed in field environments and soil moisture on SOM prediction using different sensors. 125 soil samples were collected from the 0–20 cm topsoil layer on the Bashang Plateau, North China. Dispersed and crusted soil samples were prepared in the laboratory to simulate controlled and natural conditions, and colour data were obtained using digital cameras and Nix colour sensors. The study results showed that crusted soil samples exhibited a better correlation with SOM than did dispersed samples, while slight soil moisture enhanced this correlation. Among the red, green and blue bands, the red band exhibited the highest correlation with SOM. Mathematical transformations, particularly the excess red index (ExR), further improved this relationship, achieving a correlation coefficient of 0.87. Comparing the digital camera and Nix sensor prediction results revealed that integrating soil surface variation information facilitated significant model accuracy improvement. Among the modeling results, the digital camera provided the best prediction for the crusted soil samples, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.80 and a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.50 %, while R²_val = 0.80 and RMSE_val = 0.61 % were obtained for the validation results. Due to the unevenness of the soil surface and the importance of the sampling area size for stable predictions, the non-contact digital camera is more suitable for the acquiring soil surface colour information and predicting SOM content than the Nix sensor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108818"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding paleoenvironment through pedogenic and diagenetic characteristics of pre-volcanic Maastrichtian paleosols of the Lameta Formation, Central India","authors":"Anjali Kumari ,&nbsp;Shubham Choudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a detailed micromorphological investigation of Maastrichtian-aged (65Ma) paleosols from the Lower Limestone (LLM) and Mottled Nodular Bed (MNB) units of the Infratrappean Lameta Formation in Central India. Positioned directly beneath the Deccan Traps—one of the main contributors to the K-Pg mass extinction—the Lameta Formation provides crucial insights into pre-volcanic environmental conditions just before the K-Pg extinction event. The morphological and micromorphological features of the paleosols were analyzed from exposures in the Cantonment area and along the Narmada River in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. Thin-section analysis played a critical role in distinguishing pedogenic and diagenetic features in these lithified paleosols, offering valuable insights into the paleoenvironment of the Lameta Formation. Major diagenetic alterations identified in the studied paleosols include coarsening of pedogenic calcite to sparitic calcite, remobilization of Fe oxides leading to Fe oxide cementation on coarse grains and ped boundaries, distortion and overprinting of illuvial iron-rich clay and fine silty-clayey intercalations and coatings, sutured quartz grains, and microcrystalline silica in the form of chalcedony. Despite these diagenetic alterations, the paleosols retain well-preserved evidence of paleopedogenic processes, observed through a variety of matrix and intrusive pedofeatures such as clay coatings, calcite hypo-/quasi-coatings, micritic nodules, Fe/Mn hypo-/quasi-coatings, Fe oxide nodules, and partially decomposed organic matter. Based on these pedogenic and diagenetic features, the study identifies a spectrum of paleosol developmental stages, ranging from weakly to well-developed paleosols. These variations are attributed to differences in hydrological conditions and landscape topography. A comprehensive paleolandscape model has been proposed for the Lower Limestone (LLM) and Mottled Nodular Bed (MNB) units, grounded in the micromorphological characteristics. This model suggests that the Lower Limestone region predominantly hosted poorly drained habitats, indicative of more humid climatic conditions. In contrast, the Mottled Nodular Bed litho-unit reflects drier paleoenvironments. This contrast highlights environmental variations within the Lameta Formation, enhancing our understanding of ancient environmental dynamics and providing a glimpse into the climatic variances that shaped the pre-Volcanic terrain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108800"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in erosive rainfall threshold and sediment production between karst and non-karst slopes","authors":"Zhuyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xudong Peng ,&nbsp;Yuwen Fu ,&nbsp;Zaike Gu ,&nbsp;Guanglu Liang ,&nbsp;Chuandai Miao ,&nbsp;Quanhou Dai ,&nbsp;Longpei Cen","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil erosion often manifests a dual erosion mechanism of surface erosion and underground leakage on karst slopes with well-developed dual hydrological structures, leading to different erosive rainfall thresholds and sediment production from non-karst slopes. A lack of recognition of this differentiation significantly hampers the development of soil erosion control technologies and the scientific assessment of desertification control benefits. This study aims to reveal the difference of erosive rainfall thresholds and sediment yield between karst and non-karst slopes. To achieve the aims, continuous rainfall-runoff-sediment events were monitored for up to eight years from 2014 to 2021 year on karst and non-karst slope plots located at the Mahuangtian and Sangushui soil and water conservation monitoring stations of Guizhou Province, China, respectively. We found that compared to non-karst slopes, the erosive rainfall in karst slopes more commonly conforms to short duration and high intensity, while long-duration, low-intensity rainfall contributes minimally to karst slopes. The erosive rainfall threshold for karst slopes ranges from 35.4 to 45.6 mm (<em>I</em>₃₀: 31.2–36.2 mm·h⁻¹), non-karst slopes range from 11.8 to 18.8 mm (<em>I</em>₃₀: 10.07–13.1 mm·h⁻¹), and significant differences (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) is found between the two slopes. The soil and water conservation measures notably elevate the erosive rainfall threshold. In non-karst slopes, the erosive rainfall threshold is conventional tillage &lt; no tillage &lt; artificial forest, karst slopes are artificial forest (no terrace) &lt; artificial forest (terrace) &lt; natural recovery. There is a significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) difference in sediment yield between karst and non-karst slopes, where non-karst slopes exhibiting sediment yields far higher than karst slopes (approximately 42 times). There is a positive correlation between rainfall amount, <em>I</em>₃₀ and soil erosion, both of them are the primary rainfall characteristics influencing erosion. Specifically, soil loss in karst slopes is more closely related to <em>I</em>₃₀, while it is more related to rainfall duration on non-karst slopes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108820"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multiproxy comparison study on the source apportionment of organic matter in core sediments in the East China Sea","authors":"Yan Li ,&nbsp;Jia Lin ,&nbsp;Min Liu ,&nbsp;Qian-Zhi Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiang-Hai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contributions from various sources and temporal variations of sedimentary organic matter (OM) in marginal seas are not fully understood due to highly dynamic hydrodynamic conditions and discrepancies among different source indicators. This study conducted a multiproxy analysis based on biomarkers and bulk δ¹³C values to apportion and estimate OM sources in core sediments from the Min-Zhe muddy area of the East China Sea. The goal is to precisely determine the sources and contributions of sedimentary OM, thereby providing new insights into constraining their temporal variations in this highly dynamic region. Multiple biomarkers consistently demonstrate a significant contribution from terrestrial organic matter (TOM). Pearson’s correlation analysis further indicates that long-chain <em>n</em>-alkanols are reasonable biomarkers for tracing TOM, while long-chain <em>n</em>-alkanes reflect the input of other sources. The terrestrial to marine biomarker ratios (TMBR and TMBR_ol) and a binary mixing model with different δ¹³C end-members indicate that TOM is the dominant component. Variations in these contributions can reach up to 18 % and 29 % due to δ¹³C end-member differences and biomarker variations, respectively. Factors affecting these variations include biomarker stability, multiple sources of long-chain <em>n</em>-alkanes, and δ¹³C end-member differences. Despite inherent variability in precise numerical data, the broadly consistent temporal trends of TOM contributions, as inferred from δ¹³C mixing models and TMBR_ol, indicate that these proxies can be effectively used to reconstruct their temporal records. However, more efforts are still needed to accurately determine the contributions of different sedimentary OM sources, particularly to constrain the reasonable δ¹³C end-member values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108816"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological barrier of the Tianshan Mountains controls agroecosystem multifunctionality through soil microbial processes","authors":"Tong Li ,&nbsp;Shengli Liu ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Shi ,&nbsp;Junjie Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Deqiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Yihong Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Shi ,&nbsp;Yakov Kuzyakov ,&nbsp;Xiongfeng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) is influenced by rhizosphere microorganisms, and understanding how they regulate EMF has been an intriguing process to date. Here, amplicon sequencing was employed to investigate the diversity, assembly processes, and co-occurrence networks of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi in the topsoil (0–20 cm) across eight cotton ecosystems on both sides of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang. Multifunctionality indicators were calculated based on soil properties and cotton attributes. The results indicated that rhizosphere microorganisms exhibited distinct clustering patterns between the northern and southern regions, where bacterial α-diversity was lower in the northern region than in the southern region, while this trend was reversed for fungi. Soil total potassium, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and urease activity primarily regulated bacterial diversity, while pH and electrical conductivity predominantly influenced fungal diversity. Deterministic and stochastic processes dominated bacterial and fungal community assembly, respectively; the proportions of dispersal limitation were larger in the southern region than in the northern region, while the proportions of homogeneous selection were reversed. The complexity and stability of microbial co-occurrence networks were higher in the southern region than in the northern region, with higher average degree (bacteria: north/south, 19.231/29.399; fungi: north/south, 4.969/24.585) and network density (bacteria: north/south, 0.015/0.020; fungi: north/south, 0.019/0.072), and lower modularity (bacteria: north/south, 0.700/0.669; fungi: north/south, 0.732/0.567). In addition, climatic conditions were the primary factors directly affecting multifunctionality indicators, and rhizosphere bacterial diversity influenced EMF by positively regulating SMF and cotton growth characteristics. Collectively, our findings carry important ecological implications for sustaining ecosystem service functions and elucidating the relationships between the functional diversity of rhizosphere microorganisms and EMF under multifaceted environmental interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108822"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of the palaeoecological and palaeohydrological records of two neighbouring Eemian lakes: Implications for palaeolake evolution in Central Poland","authors":"M. Suchora ,&nbsp;A. Bober ,&nbsp;K. Kultys ,&nbsp;A.A. Zalat ,&nbsp;S. Terpiłowski ,&nbsp;K. Komadowska ,&nbsp;M. Żarski ,&nbsp;J. Boczkowska ,&nbsp;K. Standzikowski ,&nbsp;I.A. Pidek","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents high-resolution palaeoecological studies of two neighbouring palaeolakes, Struga and Parysów, in Central Poland based on the presence of <em>inter alia</em> pollen, Cladocera, diatoms, and sediment analyses (loss-on-ignition). The investigated sites belong to the Eemian Lake District in the Polish Lowlands. The analysis of the two lakes revealed considerable differences in terms of the duration of their Eemian phases (Regional Pollen Assemblage Zones E1–E7) and their evolution. The Struga palaeolake began functioning in the Late Saalian (MIS 6) and survived as a lake into the terminocratic interglacial phase. In contrast, the Parysów palaeolake was a rapidly overgrowing water body that ceased functioning during the hornbeam phase (E5 RPAZ) and was reactivated by increased climate humidity at the end of the Eemian. It hence seems that different types of lakes functioned in a small region of the Garwolin Plain during the Last Interglacial period (MIS 5e) but experienced different shallowing processes under the same climate conditions; this finding emphasises the important role played by the local context in palaeoenvironmental interpretations. The differences observed in the present study may be attributed to the geomorphological situations of the lakes and the possibility of groundwater recharge. Indeed, groundwater levels fell during the earlier part of the climatic optimum of the Eemian interglacial due to drier climate conditions; this may have been responsible for the shallowing observed in lakes at the high-altitude tops of kettle holes, such as Parysów, but not those in low-lying subglacial troughs, such as Struga.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108814"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation of soil microbial communities on the shores of lake Daihai and their potential use as biomarkers","authors":"Yaxin Zheng ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengfei Wang ,&nbsp;Jin Chen ,&nbsp;Fansheng Li ,&nbsp;Daolong Xu ,&nbsp;Hanting Qu ,&nbsp;Xinyan Liu ,&nbsp;Haijing Liu ,&nbsp;Yuying Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite significant progress in current research on the microbial structure in the soils on the shores of saline and freshwater lakes, the factors that drive the compositional structure of soil microbial communities on the shores of brackish lakes, as well as the processes of microbial community assembly, remain unknown. This study examined the spatial distribution of soil microbial communities on the shores of Lake Daihai, China, as well as their diversity and composition. In addition, it explored the environmental factors affecting these communities and their potential microbial functions. Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was the main tool of this study, the microbial community composition on the lakeside in different directions and along different distance gradients. Specifically, the focus was on differences in abundance and structural diversity. The diversity analysis and phylogenetic analysis showed that the microbial communities distributed in different directions were different and those along different distance gradients were not significantly different, but some microbial communities still have preferences. Microbial community assembly in the DLN is dominated by deterministic processes, and the other directions are dominated by stochastic processes. Linear discriminant analysis effect size and molecular ecological network analysis revealed that the network complexity of DLW was lower than that of the other three directions, and the presence of some unique taxa in the lakeshore soil, indicating that environmental factors have a key role in shaping microbial communities, and these taxa could therefore serve as potential soil biomarkers. At the same time, it was found that biomarker diversity varied significantly among species inhabiting different habitats, and different types of microorganisms were shown to function as a cohesive collective in the soil. Multiple regression analysis and partial Mantel test indicated that the soil microbial diversity and composition were driven by environmental factors such as pH, salinity, available potassium, available phosphorus and sulfur (AK, AP, and S), and that microbial flora played an important role in soil nutrient cycling. In summary, this study revealed the distribution pattern and assembly process of microbial communities in the lakeside soil of Lake Daihai and the environmental factors affecting them. The results obtained deepen our insights into the microbial communities in arid lakeside wetland ecosystems and are significant for their stewardship and conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108809"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing cost-effectiveness of land management measures to restore forest ecosystem services after fire using hydrological modelling and multi-criteria decision analysis","authors":"Beatriz Faria ,&nbsp;João Pedro Nunes ,&nbsp;Jantiene E.M. Baartman ,&nbsp;Luís Dias ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Wu ,&nbsp;Sergio A. Prats","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest fires strongly disturb key hydrological ecosystem services, such as soil protection, streamflow regulation and clear water provisioning, which can affect ecosystems and communities in burnt areas and downstream. Post-fire soil and water conservation (SWC) measures can be expensive, and their effectiveness depends on multiple factors such as the nature of the measures, the targeted areas, and the extent of their application. However, different biophysical and socioeconomic effectiveness criteria are rarely assessed comparatively. This study aims to assess the costs and effectiveness of six SWC measures to mitigate soil erosion and stream water contamination (using sediment yield as proxy): post-fire mulching with straw and forest residue, contour-felled logs, straw wattles, contour bunds and riparian buffers. It was conducted for a wildfire in 2003 in the Odiáxere catchment, southern Portugal. Costs were assessed from the literature and their validity confirmed by consulting an expert panel. Effectiveness was assessed using the hydrological and erosion model OpenLISEM. Measures were compared using a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, including criteria such as effectiveness, application costs, and other social costs. Four sets of criteria weights were tested, based on the individual perspectives of soil conservation experts, land managers, and water managers, as well as a combination of the three. Straw mulching was the best performing SWC measure from most perspectives, although closely followed by forest residue mulching and contour-felled logs. However, riparian buffers were the best measure from the water management perspective, with a much better performance than the others. The results illustrate how different intervention objectives affect the cost-effectiveness of each SWC measure. This approach can help forest and water managers, local administrators and environmental stakeholders with different objectives and mandates, to discuss and select the most appropriate SWC measures to mitigate the impacts of forest fires on ecosystem services according to local intervention priorities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108808"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon mineralization in a Semi-evergreen forest of Northeast India: Role of soil physico-chemical and mineralogical properties","authors":"Palakshi Borah ,&nbsp;Nirmali Gogoi ,&nbsp;Sanjeev P. Mahanta ,&nbsp;Ranjit Thakuria","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.108810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decomposition of soil organic carbon is significantly influenced by soil physico-chemical, biological, and mineralogical properties. Thus, they play crucial role in regulating soil CO₂ efflux. This study investigated carbon mineralization within three natural ecosystems (grassland, forestland, wetland) situated in Kaziranga National Park of Northeast India. Over two years, soil samples were methodically collected across pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons. Grassland and forestland soils were collected at 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm depths. Thorough analyses were conducted on soil physicochemical, and mineralogical properties. Soil carbon mineralization was estimated to enhance our understanding of the interplay between environmental conditions, SOC stocks, and soil properties, facilitating the prediction of ecosystem CO₂ efflux. The study revealed significant correlations between soil physico-chemical and mineralogical properties and carbon mineralization within the studied ecosystems of Kaziranga National Park. Soil moisture was identified as the primary regulator of soil carbon mineralization, with soil texture playing a minor role. Soil chemical parameters, such as SOC and total N governed carbon dynamics, while soil pH consistently showed a negative correlation with carbon mineralization. Mineralogical analysis revealed the presence of phyllosilicate minerals and organic matter. Despite diverse soil mineral composition, no significant influence on carbon dynamics in KNP was observed. However, further comprehensive field-based assessments of carbon mineralization are required to complement the preliminary findings obtained through lab-based incubation studies. This will be required to evaluate the resilience of soil carbon stocks and thus to predict future changes in soil CO₂ efflux in this ecologically significant region of Northeast India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 108810"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}