Catena最新文献

{"title":"Progressively greater temperature sensitivity of organic carbon decomposition in subsoil relative to topsoil along a millennial chronosequence of paddy soils","authors":"Xiangxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Miao ,&nbsp;Jun Cui ,&nbsp;Qianru Wang ,&nbsp;Ruiqiao Wu ,&nbsp;Ze Zhang ,&nbsp;Cuiyan Wu ,&nbsp;Shuang Wang ,&nbsp;Xuebin Xu ,&nbsp;Zhaofeng Yuan ,&nbsp;Georg Guggenberger ,&nbsp;Jianping Chen ,&nbsp;Tida Ge ,&nbsp;Zhenke Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of the temperature sensitivity (<em>Q</em>₁₀) of soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition in subsoil versus topsoil on soil development and SOC accumulation over centuries of agricultural cultivation remain unclear. This study investigated <em>Q</em>₁₀ variations across soil developmental stages and depths and the key influencing factors based on a millennial soil chronosequence from the coastal region of Cixi, China. The <em>Q</em>₁₀ of paddy soil samples from different developmental periods and depths was measured through short-term incubation experiments with sequential temperature changes. <em>Q</em>₁₀ values increased with soil development time and depth. High <em>Q</em>₁₀ values in the vertical profiles of older soils were primarily attributed to increased substrate availability due to SOC accumulation and soil matrix-based physicochemical protection of SOC. We found that the higher level of <em>Q</em>₁₀ was in deeper soil, reflecting the distinct SOC formation mechanisms at different depths. Mineral-bound organic compounds derived from plant material, which have higher energy contents, higher C:N ratios, and greater activation energies, resulted in higher <em>Q</em>₁₀ values in deeper soils. Moreover, microbial communities in deeper soils appeared less tolerant to warming, as indicated by the substantially higher <em>q</em>CO₂ in deeper soils at temperatures above 20 ℃. These deep microbial communities also exhibited lower diversity, simpler structures, and higher proportions of <em>r</em>-strategists, potentially contributing to their warming vulnerability. Overall, this study suggests that the reduced dominance of necromass carbon in SOC and limited thermal tolerance of microbial communities jointly contributed to the enhanced temperature sensitivity of SOC decomposition in deeper soils over the millennial timescale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 109083"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree diversity-related soil P accumulation in high latitude temperate forests of China is regulated by soil C and N amounts as well as microbial network and denitrification genes","authors":"Qi Li ,&nbsp;Qianru Ji ,&nbsp;Xudong Cao ,&nbsp;Xiting Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanbo Yang ,&nbsp;Sijia Yang ,&nbsp;Shengfang Wang ,&nbsp;Quanxing Dong ,&nbsp;Guanchao Cheng ,&nbsp;Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Huan Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Zhang ,&nbsp;Vladimir Gavrikov ,&nbsp;Gopal Shukla ,&nbsp;Huimei Wang ,&nbsp;Wenjie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tree diversity is recognized as a nature-based solution for enhancing soil functionality, yet its impact on phosphorus (P) retention dynamics remains poorly understood. We analyzed 33 parameters related to carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and P cycling alongside 642 microbial functional genes across three tree richness gradients in &gt; 60-year-old experimental forests in northeastern China. Key findings revealed: 1) Higher tree richness increased total soil phosphorus (TP) by 1.34-fold, with concomitant 1.34–1.83-fold increases in concentrated HCl-extractable organic P (conc.HCl-Po), NaOH-extractable organic P (NaOH-Po), and NaHCO₃-extractable inorganic P (NaHCO₃-Pi). Organic P (accounting for 60 % of TP) and medium to low plant-available P fractions exhibited linear increases with tree richness (r² = 0.1049, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas highly plant-available P showed no significant trend. 2) Tree richness enhanced microbial network complexity, increasing network degree (7–85 %), total edges (7–10 %), and modularity (37–85 %), while reducing inter-node path length (13–17 %). Proteobacteria abundance declined linearly from 23 % to 20 %. 3) Nitrate (NO₃⁻-N), total N (TN), and available N (AN) demonstrated stronger correlations with P fractions than C-related parameters. 4) Nitrate reduction genes emerged as critical regulators of C-N-P dynamics: <em>napB</em> (periplasmic nitrate reductase) acted as a positive modulator (5.2 % explanatory power), while <em>narB</em> (assimilatory nitrate reductase) functioned as a negative regulator (15.1 % explanatory power). These findings demonstrate that tree diversity enhances soil P retention and cycling in high-latitude forests through microbial community restructuring and functional gene modulation, similar to its roles in C and N sequestration. Our work provides mechanistic insights into biodiversity-driven nutrient regulation in temperate forest ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 109062"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Projected increase in soil erosion risk in the karst landscape of the Pearl River Basin under high carbon emission scenarios","authors":"Qinghua Yang ,&nbsp;Zixuan Qi ,&nbsp;Yuchen Ye ,&nbsp;Yulei Xie ,&nbsp;Pingping Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunkang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil erosion (SE) risk in watersheds is highly uncertain under the coupled effects of climate change and land use change (LUC). Accurate assessment of SE risk dynamics under future environmental conditions is essential for effective ecological protection and sustainable watershed management. This study highlights the critical role of SSP-RCP scenario input on model predictions and emphasizes the need for consistent integration of climate, natural, and socio-economic factors. We present an innovative integrated downscaling model framework that improves upon traditional downscaling approaches by linking large-scale watershed land use and climate change. In addition, we have optimized the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model by incorporating the rock outcrop factor and integrated key socio-economic drivers to achieve precise assessment of SE risk. Our results show a consistent increase in SE risk under all three SSP-RCP scenarios, with high-risk areas predominantly located in the karst regions of the upper Xi Jiang River Basin. Applying GeoDetector and Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression models further indicates that subsurface characteristics, natural factors, and anthropogenic activities are the primary drivers of SE risk. Specifically, economic growth and in LUC (cropland and grassland) are the key factors driving the escalation of erosion risk in the upper watershed. Our study presents a novel large-scale watershed downscaling model and an optimized RUSLE framework, enabling an accurate spatiotemporal assessment of SE risk under climate and LUC in the Karst Landscape of the Pearl River Basin. These results provide valuable insights for targeted soil erosion prevention and management in other karst regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 109065"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal variability of soil moisture and its influencing factors in a forested catchment with complex terrain","authors":"Haochen Liu ,&nbsp;Shangqiang Hui ,&nbsp;Yuting Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanjia Jiang ,&nbsp;Yongliang Qi ,&nbsp;Elizabeth W. Boyer ,&nbsp;Carlos R. Mello ,&nbsp;Li Guo ,&nbsp;Hongxia Li","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the spatiotemporal variability of soil moisture is essential for advancing hydrological, ecological, and agricultural management practices. This study investigates soil moisture dynamics across three distinct hydroclimatic periods (wet, dry, and wet-dry transitions) in a headwater catchment in central Pennsylvania, USA, characterized by heterogeneous soils and variable topography. We aim to elucidate key influencing factors and optimize catchment-scale monitoring strategies. Using the Index of Temporal Stability (ITS), we assessed the temporal stability of soil moisture and identified representative locations. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was applied to explore the impacts of influencing factors on soil moisture variability. Results revealed that dominant controls varied substantially across periods and soil horizons. The temporal stability of soil moisture was the highest during wet periods, primarily governed by topographic attributes, but decreased during dry and transitional periods. During dry periods, soil moisture dynamics were influenced by a combination of soil composition and slope characteristics, while transitional periods exhibited strong sensitivity to Preferential Flow Frequency (PFF) and slope attributes. Among time-variant factors, air temperature and evapotranspiration emerged as critical regulators of soil moisture dynamics. A single representative location, characterized by Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) values close to the catchment’s mean and relatively low PFF, provided robust estimates of areal mean soil moisture across the study period (<em>R²</em> &gt; 0.86). However, additional monitoring locations were needed to maintain accuracy during dry and transitional periods. These findings improve the understanding of soil moisture variability in forested catchments and offer insights for designing cost-effective monitoring networks to support hydrological modeling and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 109079"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of Hulun Buir steppe topsoil bulk density based on different sets of predictors","authors":"Danyu Wang ,&nbsp;Baizhu Wang ,&nbsp;Xuejiao Han ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Yang ,&nbsp;Yuanjun Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhongjie Shi ,&nbsp;Tuvshintogtokh Indree","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change and human activities have contributed to extensive grassland loss worldwide. Soil bulk density is a critical indicator of grassland ecosystem health, and understanding the spatial distribution patterns of its changes is essential for mitigating further grassland degradation. Using distinct types of predictors, we developed corresponding random forest models to predict topsoil bulk density in the Hulun Buir Steppe. Our analysis revealed that the combined variable model demonstrated the highest predictive performance. The key variables impacting topsoil bulk density include soil type, surface soil temperature, surface soil moisture, wind speed, water vapor pressure, and NDVI. Under the interaction of soil type with climatic factors and vegetation indices, the topsoil bulk density values remained essentially constant and low with meadow soils. In contrast, the saline meadow soil type exhibited a notable increase in topsoil bulk density, with higher values being observed. Under the interaction of other soil properties with climatic factors and vegetation indices, the topsoil bulk density tends to be higher in situations where surface soil moisture and NDVI are low, and water vapor pressure and surface soil temperature are high. The Hulun Buir Steppe’s topsoil bulk density ranges from 0.46 to 2.00 g · cm⁻³. The spatial distribution predicted by different predictor sets of models indicated a general trend of lower in the eastern meadow steppe area and higher in the central and western typical steppe, which were influenced by natural conditions and degradation. This study offers insights into soil property changes during grassland degradation and guidance for grassland conservation and restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 109076"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scaling approach for binary and grey computed tomography imaging of soil: A study in a coastal reclamation area","authors":"Xiaoqin Sun ,&nbsp;Ana M. Tarquis ,&nbsp;Dongli She ,&nbsp;Xiao Han ,&nbsp;Hongde Wang ,&nbsp;Shengqiang Tang ,&nbsp;Lei Gao ,&nbsp;Pei Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal reclamation areas are considered important reserve land resources. The short formation time of cultivated soil in coastal reclamation areas makes the soil structure prone to considerable changes under the influence of reclamation activities, which affect the soil functions. Based on computed tomography (CT) scan images, different scaling and descriptive statistical analyses enable a thorough study of soil pore structure or architecture. This study compares scaling analyses of grey and binary CT scan images of soil samples from different coastal reclamation areas, a 512 voxel cube. Two methods were applied for the analyses, including multifractal analysis (MFA) and relative entropy (<span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span>). The results revealed that the MFA and <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span> parameters of grey and binary images differed. In MFA, grey images exhibited stronger multifractal characteristics. By contrast, <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span> better exhibited pore heterogeneity in binary images. Therefore, in analysing the scaling characteristics of the soil pore structure, MFA is recommended for grey images and <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span> for binary images. When evaluating the scaling characteristics of the pore structure in coastal reclamation soils at different depths and reclamation years, the topsoils (0–20 cm) exhibited higher amplitude (<span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>α</mi></mrow></math></span>) values, smaller asymmetry (<span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>f</mi></mrow></math></span>) values, greater maximum <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span> and wider ranges of <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span> compared to the deep soils (20–60 cm). Reclamation activities significantly improved the pore structure of the topsoils, resulting in enhanced complexity and heterogeneity of pores. The decrease in bulk density and increase in soil organic matter caused by reclamation activities were the main factors that enhanced the complexity and heterogeneity of pores. However, differences in scaling parameters among soil samples with different reclamation years were not significant. In addition, the correlation between pore scaling and pore structure parameters was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). The morphology of soil pores can be obtained through MFA and <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span>, thus simplifying the studied pore parameters. However, there was no significant relation between the connectivity density and scaling parameters of the pores, which can complement pore structure information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 109052"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organo-metal coprecipitation contributes to stable organic carbon fraction in mangrove soil","authors":"Kota Hamada ,&nbsp;Nada Yimatsa ,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Ohtsuka ,&nbsp;Nobuhide Fujitake ,&nbsp;Toshihiro Miyajima ,&nbsp;Yusuke Yokoyama ,&nbsp;Yosuke Miyairi ,&nbsp;Morimaru Kida","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prediction of the impact of anthropogenic disturbances and global change on Organic Carbon (OC) pools in mangrove soils requires a detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying OC stabilization. Using density fractionation to physically separate OC fractions with varying degrees of mineral association and protection, this study aimed to assess distributions of these fractions and the geochemical factors influencing the most dominant and refractory mineral-associated, High-density Fraction (HF). We conducted forest-wide soil sampling in the Gaburumata mangrove forest on Ishigaki Island, Japan, along three transects (upstream, midstream, downstream) and at five depths (until 100 cm). The OC in HF (OC_HF) was the oldest (median Δ¹⁴C value of −13.81 ‰) and contributed most significantly to bulk soil OC (43 %-63 %) and total nitrogen (64 %-85 %). Among the extractable metals analyzed (aluminum [Al], iron [Fe], calcium [Ca], and magnesium [Mg]) with different crystallinity, only organically complexed Al and Fe showed strong positive correlations with OC_HF. Together with high OC_HF:Fe ratios that surpassed the maximum sorptive capacity of Fe oxides, these results indicate that co-precipitation of OC and Fe was the dominant mode of organo-mineral associations. The low clay content reduced the importance of Ca and Mg on OC_HF, as these divalent cations typically facilitate OC stabilization through cation bridging between negatively charged clay surfaces and organic matter. Furthermore, the Δ¹⁴C–OC relationship suggested efficient incorporation of mangrove-derived modern C into HF, in addition to the pre-existing old C. Thus, mangrove expansion may enhance stable soil OC pools as well as increase plant biomass and litter. Overall, this study proposes a biogeochemical mechanism for how stable mangrove OC is newly formed, as well as maintained, with ramifications for global mangrove expansion and plantation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 109075"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics: The integrated role of biotic and abiotic drivers in subtropical forests","authors":"Jie Gao ,&nbsp;Songlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wu ,&nbsp;Xinrui He ,&nbsp;Yiji Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Liu ,&nbsp;Yangyi Chen ,&nbsp;Junchen Liu ,&nbsp;Qiong Ran ,&nbsp;Changxiao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate estimation of carbon (Scs) and nitrogen (Sns) stocks in forest soils is crucial. In subtropical forests, this storage is influenced by the interplay of various biotic and abiotic factors, including biological attributes such as plant diversity, litter characteristics, and microbial biomass, as well as abiotic attributes like climate, topography, and soil characteristics. However, the relative importance of these interplaying factors in influencing Scs and Sns in subtropical forests remains inadequately understood. In this study, we quantified the Scs and Sns across different soil layers in typical subtropical forests (coniferous, mixed coniferous-broadleaf, and broadleaf forests), and used partial least squares path modeling to determine the relative importance of biotic and abiotic factors on Scs and Sns. Results showed that Scs and Sns declined as soil depth increased, with no significant differences observed among the forest types. However, the driving factors varied significantly across forest types, with soil properties exerting the strongest impact on carbon and nitrogen sequestration. We observed a pronounced synergistic relationship between Scs and Sns. Among the biotic factors, plant diversity and litter characteristics indirectly modulated Scs and Sns by regulating soil water content (SWC) and pH levels. In terms of abiotic factors, elevated altitude and lower temperatures limited plant growth, slowed litter decomposition, and enhanced carbon and nitrogen accumulation. In contrast, adequate SWC and nutrient availability favored the accumulation of organic matter, while soil acidification could lead to carbon and nitrogen loss. In conclusion, forest management strategies that prioritize the optimization of SWC and nutrient conditions are instrumental in fostering carbon and nitrogen sequestration, thus contributing to climate change mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 109069"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of water erosion on wind erosion studied in rain simulator and wind tunnel on silty material taken from the Chernozem","authors":"Haiyu Li ,&nbsp;Wei Hu ,&nbsp;Mingming Guo ,&nbsp;Xingyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Meiyue Wang ,&nbsp;Meng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite erosion resulting from both water and wind poses a significant challenge to croplands in the Songnen Plain, located in northeast China, resulting in substantial soil degradation and loss of fertility. Nonetheless, the factors driving the effect of water erosion on wind erosion remain unclear. To address this, the study conducted controlled laboratory experiments that simulated conditions of rainfall and wind. Moreover, soil samples were exposed to rainfall intensities of 0, 50, and 100 mm h⁻¹, followed by wind tunnel tests with wind velocities of 9 m s⁻¹, 12 m s⁻¹, and 15 m s⁻¹. We subsequently assessed wind erosion characteristics and measured the soil properties of the residual surface soil in the trough. Our findings indicated that higher rainfall intensity significantly decreased the intensity of wind erosion by 42.3 %-85.5 % at 50 and 100 mm h⁻¹. Additionally, sediment transport height decreased by 4–10 cm across distinct rainfall intensities. Water erosion increased soil shear strength and compactness by 1.9 to 2.4 times and 2.8 to 4.8 times, respectively. Except for that, the clay content decreased by 14.2 %-39.2 % with different rainfall intensities and wind velocities. Moreover, the proportion of aggregates smaller than 0.25 mm decreased with increasing wind velocities. The contents of C, N, and CaCO₃ also diminished with higher wind velocity and rainfall intensity. Structural equation modeling analysis demonstrated that rainfall intensity indirectly influenced wind erosion intensity by altering soil properties. Meanwhile, rainfall intensity exhibited the strongest direct and indirect negative effects on sediment transport height. A nonlinear empirical equation for soil wind erodibility parameters (<em>K</em>) based on clay content was established, incorporating soil shear strength, CaCO₃ content, and rainfall intensity. This study offers a theoretical foundation for developing effective soil conservation strategies in the Songnen Plain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 109063"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relief, soil and tree community attributes jointly shape liana community structure and diversity in a Neotropical rainforest landscape","authors":"Iván Leonardo Ek-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Armando Navarrete-Segueda ,&nbsp;Christina Siebe ,&nbsp;Jorge A. Meave ,&nbsp;Gilberto Vela-Correa ,&nbsp;Guillermo Ibarra-Manríquez","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lianas are a fundamental component of tropical forests. Yet, their complex environmental interactions challenge our understanding of the variability in liana community attributes, which requires the integration of multiple environmental factors. We asked how relief, soil and tree community structure drive liana community assembly in a tropical rainforest of eastern Mexico. Using a geopedological approach, we established fifteen 0.5-ha plots across a complex landscape to census all lianas with basal diameter ≥ 1 cm. Additionally, we estimated slope, elevation, soil physicochemical properties, and tree community structural attributes, and related these factors to liana community structure and diversity. A principal component analysis showed that the main gradients of environmental variation (explained variance, PC1 = 37.3 %, PC2 = 19.6 %, PC3 = 14.6 %) are related to slope steepness, elevation, clay fraction, tree basal area, and the proportion of pioneer trees. By using these axes as explanatory variables in generalized linear models (GLMs), we found a significant relationship with liana abundance in the community, liana diameters and diversity. Moreover, the response of liana abundance to environmental heterogeneity varied among species. To advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying liana community assembly in highly diverse forests, it is necessary to jointly assess the effects of multiple factors involved in liana performance and to account for the differential responses of liana species to environmental heterogeneity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 109017"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}