Pei Xie, Fang Zhang, Zhihua Cai, Yating Zheng, Leifang Wu, Lin He
{"title":"Synthesis of Cyclic Phosphonium-Borate Compounds through Reaction of Benzynes and Frustrated Lewis Pairs","authors":"Pei Xie, Fang Zhang, Zhihua Cai, Yating Zheng, Leifang Wu, Lin He","doi":"10.1039/d4qo01852d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo01852d","url":null,"abstract":"A practical method for the construction of stable zwitterionic phosphonium-borate compounds via trapping of benzynes by phosphine-borane frustrated Lewis pairs have been developed. A series of structurally diverse phosphonium-borate inner salts were thus prepared in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions. DFT calculations were also conducted to support a possible pathway of this reaction.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaolong Chen, Zhiye Zheng, Shunfeng Peng, Ying Guo, Ying Gao, Chenxing Guo, Jonathan L. Sessler, Hong-Yu Wang
{"title":"Ag(I)-linked Bis-calix[4]pyrrole Molecular Capsule and its Selective Recognition of Fluoride Anion","authors":"Xiaolong Chen, Zhiye Zheng, Shunfeng Peng, Ying Guo, Ying Gao, Chenxing Guo, Jonathan L. Sessler, Hong-Yu Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02177k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo02177k","url":null,"abstract":"A well-defined “four-wall” capsule (3) was constructed based on the coordination-driven self-assembly of a tetratopic pyridine-functionalized calix[4]pyrrole cavitand with four stabilizing pyridine···Ag+···pyridine coordination bonds in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Capsule was 3 characterized by means of various techniques, including 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The tetra-α-meso-pyridyl extended calix[4]pyrrole ligand 2 and the corresponding dimeric capsule 3 were found to recognize selectively the fluoride anion over other halide anions (chloride, bromide, and iodide anions) in DMF. Cavitand 2 was found to bind and release Ag+ via a fast equilibrium exchange process on the NMR timescale, whereas the fluoride binding of both 2 and capsule 3 proved slow on the NMR timescale. The transformation among multiple molecular states, viz. monomeric form 2, capsule 3, and their corresponding fluoride-bound complexes F−⊂2 and 2F−⊂3, could be modulated by the addition of silver, fluoride, and chloride ions.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In situ generated aza-π-allylpalladium zwitterions as nucleophilic triggers for enantioselective [4 + 2] cycloaddition with electron-deficient alkenes toward functionalized chiral piperidines","authors":"Han-Yang Zhong, Hong-Wei Xiao, Ji-Hong Liu, Zhen-Zhen Ge, Jian-Qiang Zhao, Ming-Qiang Zhou, Wei-Cheng Yuan","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02058h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo02058h","url":null,"abstract":"Aza-π-allylpalladium zwitterions, in situ generated from Pd-catalyzed decarboxylation of methylene cyclic carbamates, have so far been reported only as electrophilic triggers for promoting various asymmetric reactions. Herein, for the first time, these zwitterions are used as nucleophilic triggers for the enantioselective [4+2] cycloaddition with electron-deficient alkenes. This reaction provides a facile method to access structurally diverse chiral piperidine derivatives in good yields and enantioselectivities. The utility of this method was demonstrated by a large-scale reaction and product derivatizations.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines via an Electrochemical C(sp3)-H Functionalization","authors":"Sijie Peng, Tong Li, Kai Li, Qi Sun, Zhiyong Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4qo01981d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo01981d","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient iodine-mediated electrochemical C(sp3)-H cyclization was developed under mild conditions. A variety of functionalized quinoxalines can be obtained with good to excellent yields by virtue of this method. The reaction features a broad substrate scope, the regulation of product distribution, scalable preparation and high atomic economy. The reaction mechanism was investigated in detail.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haoran Li, Minyao Kuang, Yuwei Liu, Wei Yi, Shengdong Wang
{"title":"Recent advances of calcium(II) triflimide in organic synthesis","authors":"Haoran Li, Minyao Kuang, Yuwei Liu, Wei Yi, Shengdong Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02164a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo02164a","url":null,"abstract":"Environmentally benign calcium(II) triflimide has emerged as a sustainable substitute for transition-metal catalysts, rare-earth metals, and strong Brønsted acids in promoting organic synthesis, thereby attracting considerable attention. Recently, elegant methodologies involving calcium(II) triflimide have been developed, such as cyclizations, dehydrative functionalizations, hydroarylation reactions, hydrofunctionalizations, reductions, rearrangements, and novel selenylations, hese have been applied to a diverse range of substrates inculding alcohols, alkenes, alkynes, carbonyl compounds, imines, N,O-acetals, and selenides for the formation of C–C or C–X bond. This review provides a comprehensive and detailed overview of the recent progress in the application of calcium(II) triflimideas as an organic synthesis catalyst, summarizing the crucial achievements in reaction methodologies and the plausible reaction mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomaz Chorro, Clemens Kaussler, Julia V. Kolodiazhnaia, Frank Jensen, Troels Skrydstrup, Carlos Roque Correia
{"title":"Tandem Synthesis of Enantioenriched Spirolactones via One-Pot Heck-Matsuda Reactions Directly from Nitroarenes","authors":"Tomaz Chorro, Clemens Kaussler, Julia V. Kolodiazhnaia, Frank Jensen, Troels Skrydstrup, Carlos Roque Correia","doi":"10.1039/d4qo01979b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo01979b","url":null,"abstract":"We report herein a novel, efficient, and expeditious approach for enantioselective intramolecular carbonylative Heck-Matsuda reaction, employing highly accessible, stable, and cost-effective nitroarenes as masked electrophiles. This tandem process combines the one-pot reduction of nitroarenes to the respective anilines, diazotization, Heck-Matsuda, carbonylation, and cyclization, enabling the synthesis of enantioenriched spirolactones. The method achieves overall yields of up to 76% with excellent enantiomeric ratios of up to 96:4 under mild conditions. Isotopically labeled products are readily obtained with near stoichiometric 13C carbon monoxide. Importantly, nitroarenes are used as masked electrophiles, which serve as an advantageous alternative to anilines and aryldiazonium salts for the Heck-Matsuda reaction. This approach thereby avoids the isolation of sensitive aryldiazonium salt intermediates and, consequently, the dangers associated with them. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations provide precise insights into the enantioenrichment mechanism, highlighting the significance of Pd carbonyl complexes for efficient diastereoconvergence. Microkinetic modeling of the computationally obtained reaction network results in an enantioenrichment of sub-kcal-accuracy in comparison to the experiment. This work not only showcases the level of complexity achievable in the field of tandem reactions but also highlights the utility of nitroarenes in complex organic transformations, demonstrating their potential for both academic and industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rhodium-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of in situ Generated Nitrile Ylides with Alkenes: A Route to Quaternary 2-Trifluoromethyl-1-Pyrrolines","authors":"Caicai He, Linxuan Li, Shuang Li, Hongzhu Chen, Hongru Zhang, Yong Wu, Xiaolong Zhang, Paramasivam Sivaguru, Karunanidhi Murali, Xihe Bi","doi":"10.1039/d4qo01986e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo01986e","url":null,"abstract":"Trifluoromethylated heterocycles with a C−CF3 stereogenic center are prevalent scaffolds in many bioactive small molecules and pharmaceutical and agrochemical libraries. However, efficient methods for the construction of 2-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrroline scaffolds have remained elusive. Here we report the first rhodium-catalyzed three-component reaction of α-trifluoromethyl-N-triftosylhydrazones with nitriles and alkenes, providing rapid access to 2-trifluoromethyl-1-pyrrolines with a quaternary stereocenter from readily available starting materials. This method features mild reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, high yields, and excellent diastereoselectivity. The synthetic utility has been further demonstrated by late-stage diversification of five complex bioactive molecules, scale-up reactions, and diverse post-synthetic transformations, yielding valuable trifluoromethylated pyrrolidine and pyrroline scaffolds. DFT calculation elucidates the origins of chemo- and diastereoselectivity and the mechanism that proceeds via the key nitrile ylide intermediate.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"253 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xu Yuan, Tong Zhou, Qiaoqiao Wang, Yu Chen, Xiaohong Cheng, Yi Jin
{"title":"Ag-Catalyzed and Difluorocarbene-Promoted Amide-Ylide Rearrangement: Synthesis of 3-Salicyloylpyridines","authors":"Xu Yuan, Tong Zhou, Qiaoqiao Wang, Yu Chen, Xiaohong Cheng, Yi Jin","doi":"10.1039/d4qo01961j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo01961j","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we report an Ag-catalyzed and difluorocarbene-promoted amide-ylide rearrangement strategy. This strategy utilizes an unconventional transformation between difluorocarbene and amide functionalities to successfully synthesize 3-salicyloylpyridines. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction initially involves the coordination of the amide with the metal, followed by a reaction with difluorocarbene to form the RNCF2H intermediate, which then facilitates the formation of the N-ylide intermediate, a crucial step for the synthesis of the target compound. Subsequently, selective C–N bond cleavage is followed by a rearrangement and elimination of formaldehyde. This rearrangement strategy demonstrates broad substrate applicability. Under identical reaction conditions, it enables the reaction of chromones with various β-ketones (such as 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, β-keto esters, acetophenone, acetone, pentanone, and 2-Bromoacetophenone) to produce 3-salicyloylpyridines (>47 examples, up to 91% yield), showing excellent efficiency and functional group tolerance.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yue Xia, Aaron D. Charlack, Rui Guo, Nicholas W. Wade, Yiming Wang
{"title":"Access to Fluorinated Dienes through Hydrofluorination of 2-En-4-ynoates","authors":"Yue Xia, Aaron D. Charlack, Rui Guo, Nicholas W. Wade, Yiming Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02049a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo02049a","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrofluorination of enynes has been developed for the synthesis of fluorinated dienes. Using a pyridinium tetrafluoroborate salt that is easily prepared on large scale, this approach enabled the direct conversion of enynes to fluorinated diene targets through a vinyl cation mediated process. This approach was applied to a range of aryl-substituted enyne esters to deliver the (Z)-configured products with high levels of stereo- and regioselectivity. Mechanistic studies were conducted to provide insights into the stereochemical outcome and reaction efficiency under different reaction conditions.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142841640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modular Synthesis of β-Oxygen-containing Sulfones from Alkenes through Hexatungstate-catalyzed Cascade Hydroxysulfenylation/ Selective Oxidation","authors":"Xianghua Zeng, Jiaoxiong Li, Zhibin Zhou, Yongge Wei","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02151g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4qo02151g","url":null,"abstract":"β-Oxygen-containing sulfones are versatile building blocks in pharmaceuticals and chemical industry. Despite notable advancements in reportedmethods, a sustainable and general catalytic method for the preparation of β-oxygen-containing sulfones remains elusive due to the inherent reactivity disparities and notorious metal-catalyst-poisoning capability of sulfur nucleophiles. Here, we present a distinct multifunctional hexatungstate catalytic strategy for the synthesis of β-hydroxy sulfones and β‑keto sulfones through a sequential hydroxysulfenylation of alkenes/selective oxidation process, utilizing a commerically available thiol and green hydrogen peroxide as the ‘oxy-sulfonylation reagent’. This method not only offers a practical route for delivering functionalized sulfones from readily available chemicals but also showcases its versatility through late-stage oxysulfonylation of complex substrates and concise syntheses of bioactive molecules. Moreover, this modular methodology features hydroperoxide reductant free, mild reaction conditions, water as the sole byproduct and new mechanism.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}