Child NeuropsychologyPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-07-17DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2380393
Denisa-Elena Zevedei, Eva Penelo, J Blas Navarro, Núria de la Osa, Lourdes Ezpeleta
{"title":"Predictive associations of executive functions and oppositional defiant problems and obsessive-compulsive problems in preschoolers.","authors":"Denisa-Elena Zevedei, Eva Penelo, J Blas Navarro, Núria de la Osa, Lourdes Ezpeleta","doi":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2380393","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2380393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oppositional defiant problems (ODP) and obsessive-compulsive problems (OCP) may co-occur in children, though the way they interact is not known. The aim of the study was to examine longitudinal associations between executive functions at age 3 and ODP, ODP dimensions, and OCP at age 6. The sample consisted of 622 preschoolers (50% were boys) from the general population. Executive functions were assessed by teachers using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning - Preschool version questionnaire when children were 3 years old, and ODP and OCP were informed by parents and teachers at the age of 6 years. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that higher Inhibit and Emotional Control and lower Shift deficits were associated with higher ODP reported by teachers, while higher Shift but lower Inhibit deficits were related to higher OCP. Moreover, ODP and OCP shared difficulties on the Flexibility Index, which means that the capacity to modulate emotions and behavior according to contextual and environmental demands is compromised in both disorders. The findings inform etiology and prevention, pointing out not only the executive function specificities related to each problem, but also common cognitive challenges related to Flexibility. Young children could benefit from training and programs designed to improve executive function processes at an early age to prevent later behavioral difficulties.</p>","PeriodicalId":9789,"journal":{"name":"Child Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"371-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reading skills over time among children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.","authors":"Amanda Kenepp, Shira Russell-Giller, Sonia Seehra, Robert Fee, Veronica J Hinton","doi":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2386078","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2386078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked progressive neuromuscular disorder with a distinct cognitive profile including decreased verbal span. Children with DMD are also at risk for lower scores on academic achievement tests and increased behavioral problems. Longitudinal analyses generally reveal a stable intellectual profile, although attention and behavioral problems may negatively impact longitudinal IQ scores. To date, no study has reported on reading over time in DMD. Reading performance was assessed longitudinally in children with DMD, examining for potential contributions to the trajectory. Retrospective data analysis on assessments completed at baseline, year 2, and year 4 on 26 boys with DMD and 27 unaffected sibling controls (age at baseline: DMD 8 ± 1.4, controls 9 ± 2.6) indicated that children with DMD performed slightly, yet significantly, worse than controls on reading skills, but the longitudinal trajectory of reading skills for children with DMD and controls was not significantly different. Verbal span at time 1 was uniquely associated with later reading skills in children with DMD. Behavior was not associated with declines. The results confirm that children with DMD underperform on reading tasks and align with previous research suggesting that cognitive skills in DMD are stable over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":9789,"journal":{"name":"Child Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"467-486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Child NeuropsychologyPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2386072
Meagan E Beckerson, Anastasia N Kerr-German, Aaron T Buss
{"title":"Examining the relationship between functional connectivity and broader autistic traits in non-autistic children.","authors":"Meagan E Beckerson, Anastasia N Kerr-German, Aaron T Buss","doi":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2386072","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2386072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the current study, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine functional connectivity (FC) in relation to measures of cognitive flexibility and autistic features in non-autistic children. Previous research suggests that disruptions in FC between brain regions may underlie the cognitive and behavioral traits of autism. Moreover, research has identified a broader autistic phenotype (BAP), which refers to a set of behavioral traits that fall along a continuum of behaviors typical for autism but which do not cross a clinically relevant threshold. Thus, by examining FC in relation to the BAP in non-autistic children, we can better understand the spectrum of behaviors related to this condition and their neural basis. Results indicated age-related differences in performance across three measures of cognitive flexibility, as expected given the rapid development of this skill within this time period. Additionally, results showed that across the flexibility tasks, measures of autistic traits were associated with weaker FC along the executive control network, though task performance was not associated with FC. These results suggest that behavioral scores may be less sensitive than neural measures to autistic traits. Further, these results corroborate the use of broader autistic traits and the BAP to better understand disruptions to neural function associated with autism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9789,"journal":{"name":"Child Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"445-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141892933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Child NeuropsychologyPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2382202
H Lee Swanson, Michael J Orosco, Deborah K Reed
{"title":"[Formula: see text] The mathematical word problem-solving performance gap between children with and without math difficulties: does working memory mediate and/or moderate treatment effects?","authors":"H Lee Swanson, Michael J Orosco, Deborah K Reed","doi":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2382202","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2382202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study determined the extent to which working memory (WM) played a moderating and/or mediating role in word-problem-solving (WPS) instructional outcomes between children with and without math difficulties (MD). A randomized pretest-posttest control group study investigated the effects of 8-week strategy instruction in one of four treatment conditions on WPS accuracy of third graders with MD (<i>N</i> = 136) when compared to children with (<i>N</i> = 28) and without MD (<i>N</i> = 43). Comparisons were made of three strategy conditions that included overt cues (e.g. underlining key sentences, filling in diagrams), another treatment condition that removed the overt cues (material-only), and two control conditions (children with and without MD). Four important findings emerged. First, posttest WM significantly predicted posttest WPS, computation, and schema accuracy independent of pretest and treatment conditions. Second, posttest WM mediated posttest WPS treatment outcomes when the control conditions included children without MD. Third, strategy conditions that included overt cues (e.g. crossing out irrelevant sentences) decreased WM demands compared to the Materials-Only condition (without overt cues) for children with MD. Finally, incremental attention allocation training within treatment conditions improved posttest WM in children with MD but not posttest WPS. Results indicated that WPS differences between children with and without MD across treatment conditions were mediated by posttest WM performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9789,"journal":{"name":"Child Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"391-427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The relation between MIND diet with odds of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Iranian children: a case-control study.","authors":"Zahra Bayranj, Danial Fotros, Mohammad Hassan Sohouli, Pejman Rohani, Masoumeh Eslahi, Samira Ferdosi, Navideh Khodadadi, Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh","doi":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2375493","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2375493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to investigate the association between the MIND index (Mediterranean- Dietary approaches to Stop Hypertension diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the Iranian children. It builds upon existing research that highlights the role of dietary antioxidants in alleviating psychological disorders, cognitive impairments, and memory deficits. Additionally, previous studies have separately explored the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean and DASH diets on these issues. A case-control study was undertaken in Iran, involving a sample of 360 children and adolescents aged 7-13 years. Participants were divided into two groups, namely the case group (<i>n</i> = 120) and the control group (<i>n</i> = 240), with age and sex being matched between the groups. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV-TR) was employed for the diagnosis of ADHD. The MIND diet score was computed using the food intake data acquired from the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) completed by the subjects. The mean ± SD for the age and BMI of the study population was 8.76 ± 1.64 years and 16.90 ± 3.58 kg/m2, respectively. The mean score of MIND in this study was 27.93. After adjustment for potential confounder in the final model, subjects in highest compared to the lowest quartile of MIND diet score had significantly lower odds of ADHD (OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.37-0.83; P-trend = 0.019). This study provides valuable evidence suggesting that adherence to the MIND diet is associated with decreased odds of ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9789,"journal":{"name":"Child Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"331-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Child NeuropsychologyPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2383701
Sofia Lesica, Reid Skeel, Brittany Elizabeth Fust, Arianna Jepsen
{"title":"Further validation of the Parent-Reported ADHD Symptom Infrequency Scale (PRASIS) in parents of children with oppositional defiant disorder and anxiety.","authors":"Sofia Lesica, Reid Skeel, Brittany Elizabeth Fust, Arianna Jepsen","doi":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2383701","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2383701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to validate a novel parent-report measure of ADHD symptom inflation, the Parent-Reported ADHD Symptom Infrequency Scale (PRASIS), in a clinical sample. The PRASIS is composed of an Infrequency subscale and an ADHD subscale. Online participants were assigned to one of three groups: mothers of children with diagnosed ADHD (<i>n</i> = 110), mothers of children with diagnosed ODD and/or anxiety (<i>n</i> = 116), and mothers of children without ADHD, ODD, or anxiety. The third group was then randomized to either receive instructions to complete the questionnaire honestly (controls, <i>n</i> = 164) or to complete the questionnaire as if they were trying to convince a provider that their child has ADHD (simulators, <i>n</i> = 141). Results indicated good to excellent internal consistency (INF α = .83, ADHD Total α = .93); strong convergent validity of the PRASIS ADHD scale with the ADHD Rating Scale-5 (<i>r</i>(529) = .85, <i>p</i> < .001); excellent group discrimination of the PRASIS Infrequency scale and the PRASIS ADHD scale (η<sup>2</sup> = 0.38-0.42); and specificity of 86.7, sensitivity of 67.4%, and an AUC of .86 for the Infrequency scale. Overall, these outcomes supported the utility of the PRASIS in samples including mothers of children with psychiatric diagnoses of ODD and/or anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":9789,"journal":{"name":"Child Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"428-444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Child NeuropsychologyPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2397950
Nicole Kubinec, Kimberley P Heinrich, Annette E Richard, Elise K Hodges, Kaitlin A Oswald-McCloskey
{"title":"[Formula: see text] Association between visual attention and parent-reported social problems in pediatric cancer survivors.","authors":"Nicole Kubinec, Kimberley P Heinrich, Annette E Richard, Elise K Hodges, Kaitlin A Oswald-McCloskey","doi":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2397950","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09297049.2024.2397950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social deficits in pediatric cancer survivors have been well documented and have been linked to neurocognitive late effects, particularly attention deficits. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between components of attention, both parent-report and a performance-based measure, with parent-reported social functioning in survivors of pediatric cancer. The study included data from outpatient neuropsychological evaluations of 76 survivors of pediatric cancer. The Integrated Visual and Auditory (IVA) continuous performance test was used to evaluate the components of attention with variables corresponding to Posner's model of attention. Assessment of inattention and peer problems were derived from the Conner's Parent Rating Scale, third edition. Parent-reported attention symptoms were significantly associated with worse auditory prudence (<i>r</i> = -0.382, <i>p</i> < .001) and visual consistency (<i>r</i> = -0.234, <i>p</i> = .046) and higher parent-reported peer problems (<i>r</i> = 0.302, <i>p</i> = .008). Auditory attention domains were not significantly predictive of peer problems (<i>p</i> > .05). When controlling for FSIQ and type of cancer, worse visual consistency (<i>p</i> = .029) and visual speed (<i>p</i> = .036) were significantly associated with more peer problems. Parent-reported inattention was associated with only some domains of performance-based attention, highlighting the importance of using multi-modal assessments of attention. This study also revealed an important relationship between visual attention and peer problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":9789,"journal":{"name":"Child Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"487-499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irit Aviv, Maayan Shorer, Silvana Fennig, Hillel Aviezer, Dana Singer-Harel, Alan Apter, Tammy Pilowsky Peleg
{"title":"The path from trait anxiety to post-concussion symptoms and posttraumatic stress symptoms in children with mTBI: the moderating role of alexithymia.","authors":"Irit Aviv, Maayan Shorer, Silvana Fennig, Hillel Aviezer, Dana Singer-Harel, Alan Apter, Tammy Pilowsky Peleg","doi":"10.1080/09297049.2025.2482826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2025.2482826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-concussion symptoms (PCS) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are common after mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) in children. Psychological factors, especially pre-injury trait anxiety, are associated with the development of PCS and PTSS. However, the underlying mechanisms are understudied. The current study aimed to explore whether alexithymia (difficulty in identifying and describing emotions) moderates the associations between children's pre-injury trait anxiety and PCS, as well as PTSS in bothchildren and parents following mTBI. Participants were 53 children aged 8-16 with mTBI and their parents, recruited from the Emergency Department. Immediate mTBI symptoms were assessed by the Emergency Department physician within 24 hours post-injury. One-week post-injury, acute PTSS (children and parents), children's pre-injury trait anxiety, and alexithymia were measured using self-reported questionnaires. PCS were measured by symptom reports (including a baseline; reported by parents) and neuropsychological tests assessing cognitive functioning, including performance validity tests. PCS and cognitive functioning were assessed one-week and four-month post-injury. We found that alexithymia significantly moderated the associations between children's pre-injury trait anxiety and both PCS and PTSS in children and parents at one-week post-injury. Higher levels of alexithymia strengthened these associations. Alexithymia was found significantly associated with PCS at four-month post-injury. However, alexithymia did not moderate the association between pre-injury trait anxiety and PCS at four-month post-injury or cognitive functioning at one-week or four months. In conclusion, pre-injury trait anxiety and alexithymia are crucial in mTBI outcomes, being associated with PCS and PTSS development. Therefore, addressing emotional factors is important in TBI recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9789,"journal":{"name":"Child Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kayla B Huntington, Stacy J Suskauer, Beth S Slomine, Adrian M Svingos
{"title":"Equivalence of in-person and videoconference administration of the Physical and Neurological Examination of Subtle Signs (PANESS) timed motor section.","authors":"Kayla B Huntington, Stacy J Suskauer, Beth S Slomine, Adrian M Svingos","doi":"10.1080/09297049.2025.2480342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2025.2480342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Demand for telehealth services has increased in many settings as a means of reducing patient burden and increasing access to care. It is therefore critical to understand if clinical tools validated for in-person use are feasible to administer via telehealth and, if so, how results may vary from those obtained in-person. The Revised Physical and Neurological Examination of Subtle Signs (PANESS) is a validated assessment of pediatric neuromotor functioning that is sensitive to detecting motor dysfunction in youth. The Timed Motor section of the PANESS is an ideal candidate for telehealth administration given its strong inter-rater reliability when scored via video review. Here, we preliminarily examined the feasibility of administering the Timed Motor section of PANESS via videoconferencing and its equivalence with in-person administration. We administered the Timed Motor section of the PANESS in-person and via videoconferencing in 25 typically developing youth ages 10-18 (including <i>n</i> = 11 who had clinically recovered from concussion). All were able to complete the assessment via videoconference. We observed moderate to excellent reliability of scores obtained in-person and via videoconference (intraclass correlations ranging from .743 to .971). Results suggest that the Timed Motor Section of the PANESS can be administered remotely in typically developing youth (including those with a history of concussion) and that the scores obtained are stable with in-person scores. Future work is needed to examine the feasibility and equivalence of telehealth-based PANESS administration in clinical settings and patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9789,"journal":{"name":"Child Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}