Cerebral cortex最新文献_第6页

"Dorsal CA1 circuits: social motivation or social cognition?" “背侧CA1回路：社会动机还是社会认知？”

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-18 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag128

Berkan Şahin

引用次数: 0

Altered functional connectivity and network efficiency in prenatal depression: an functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. 产前抑郁症的功能连接和网络效率改变：一项功能近红外光谱研究。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-18 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag102

Zicong Zheng, Xuejiao Li, Huirong Lei, Guodong Liang, Xin Zhang, Zhe Li, Xiangmin Xu, Chengfang Xu

{"title":"Altered functional connectivity and network efficiency in prenatal depression: an functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.","authors":"Zicong Zheng, Xuejiao Li, Huirong Lei, Guodong Liang, Xin Zhang, Zhe Li, Xiangmin Xu, Chengfang Xu","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag102","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag102","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the impact of prenatal depression on brain function in pregnant women using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Functional signals were recorded during resting-state and sadness/happiness video stimulus tasks in prenatal depression group (n = 22) and healthy controls (n = 31). Compared with controls, the prenatal depression group showed a significantly lower mean total hemoglobin (HbT) signal in the visual cortex (P = 0.029) during the resting-state condition, as well as the HbT slope of the primary motor cortex (P = 0.035) under the happiness video stimulus. Deoxyhemoglobin-based functional connectivity analysis showed that, during the sadness video stimulus, the prenatal depression group exhibited reduced connectivity between the left motor area and the left prefrontal cortex (-0.019 ± 0.077 vs. 0.098 ± 0.124, P = 0.0031) as well as the right prefrontal cortex (-0.038 ± 0.086 vs. 0.081 ± 0.134, P = 0.0127). Graph theory analysis showed higher characteristic path length and lower global efficiency in the prenatal depression group than in controls, under both sadness (all P < 0.01) and happiness (all P < 0.05) conditions. These findings indicate altered regional brain activity patterns in pregnant women with prenatal depression, providing insight into the neural mechanisms underlying prenatal depression.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From form to concept: a dynamic spatiotemporal brain network cascade supports language comprehension. 从形式到概念：一个动态的时空大脑网络级联支持语言理解。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-18 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag097

Min Kyung Hong, Andrew Janson, Prasanna Koirala, Tess Fotidzis, Sean Polyn, Katherine Aboud

{"title":"From form to concept: a dynamic spatiotemporal brain network cascade supports language comprehension.","authors":"Min Kyung Hong, Andrew Janson, Prasanna Koirala, Tess Fotidzis, Sean Polyn, Katherine Aboud","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag097","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag097","url":null,"abstract":"Encoding new information through language underlies much of human learning, yet the neural dynamics that transform linguistic input into lasting conceptual representations remain unclear. Methodological constraints in neuroimaging have siloed the study of language comprehension into isolated subprocesses (word-, sentence-, and discourse-level), obscuring how information travels across the cortex in real time. Here, we overcome these constraints using a fusion of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and electroencephalogram (EEG) in healthy adults and introduce the Form-to-Concept framework. Focusing on canonical language EEG components, we identified a sequence of brain network activations: an occipitotemporal perceptual word processing network (250 ms), a temporoparietal semantic retrieval network (400 ms), a posterior default mode inferential network (500 ms), a frontotemporal syntactic-semantic integration network (600 ms), and a prefrontal-midline default mode network concept coherence network (700 ms). Each stage was differentially tuned based on context, and transitions were mediated by overlapping hub regions, particularly the left temporoparietal junction. Individuals with stronger language comprehension ability exhibited distinct engagement along the spatiotemporal cascade, showing enhanced weighting of mid-to-late inferential processes relative to top-down semantic control. This work bridges the longstanding spatiotemporal gap, revealing that canonical event-related potentials reflect a temporally structured cascade of distributed brain networks that dynamically transform linguistic input into conceptual knowledge.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spontaneous changes in the prestimulus alpha power predict both objective and subjective aspects of perception-evidence from 4 paradigms and 471 experimental sessions. 刺激前α功率的自发变化预测了感知的客观和主观方面——来自4个范式和471个实验的证据。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-18 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag117

Aleksander Zębrowski, Kinga Ciupińska, Wiktoria Jakubowska, Laura Łępa, Marcin Koculak, Michał Wierzchoń, Michał Bola

{"title":"Spontaneous changes in the prestimulus alpha power predict both objective and subjective aspects of perception-evidence from 4 paradigms and 471 experimental sessions.","authors":"Aleksander Zębrowski, Kinga Ciupińska, Wiktoria Jakubowska, Laura Łępa, Marcin Koculak, Michał Wierzchoń, Michał Bola","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag117","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag117","url":null,"abstract":"Whether a given stimulus will be perceived depends not only on its physical intensity but also by the functional state of the visual system, particularly power of the spontaneous electroencephalography (EEG) alpha-band activity (7 to 14 Hz) at the stimulus onset. The mechanism behind this effect remains a matter of debate, as some studies reported that low alpha power improves perceptual sensitivity, but others showed alpha power affects only the subjective measures (criterion and confidence/awareness ratings) and thus concluded it is related with non-specific cortical excitability. To address this controversy, we analyzed data from four experimental paradigms in which different types of stimuli-from Gabor patches, through face images, to real-world scenes-were presented to participants at a perceptual threshold. Single-trial analyses revealed that the prestimulus alpha power predicted not only subjective visibility but also objective identification accuracy. Therefore, our results are incompatible with the view that spontaneous alpha activity defines nonspecific, general cortical excitability only, and rather indicates its role in defining perceptual sensitivity and improving signal-to-noise ratio.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atypical neural activation and age-related patterns in dyslexia. 阅读障碍的非典型神经激活和年龄相关模式。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-18 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag122

Ilya Samoylov, Tatyana Bolgina, Georgii Lonshakov, Ekaterina Shcheglova, Militina Gomozova, Tatyana Yashina, Vardan Arutiunian, Olga Dragoy

{"title":"Atypical neural activation and age-related patterns in dyslexia.","authors":"Ilya Samoylov, Tatyana Bolgina, Georgii Lonshakov, Ekaterina Shcheglova, Militina Gomozova, Tatyana Yashina, Vardan Arutiunian, Olga Dragoy","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag122","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag122","url":null,"abstract":"This magnetoencephalography study investigated the spatiotemporal neural responses during single-word reading. We used a silent reading task with linguistic stimuli varying in lexicality and frequency (high- and low-frequency words, and pseudowords), and tested typically developing (TD) and dyslexic developing (DD) children (aged 7 to 12). We observed no significant sensitivity to word frequency or lexicality either within or between the groups, likely reflecting the constraints of the silent reading paradigm. Direct comparisons between the groups revealed significant amplitude reductions in the DD group across the bilateral occipito-temporal and left superior temporal cortices. Despite these reduced signal amplitudes, the inter-hemispheric relationship of peak latencies (PLs) in the DD group remained consistent with the TD pattern. Furthermore, within the TD group, we identified a clear relationship between age and PL: older typical readers exhibited decreased latencies in the left hemisphere, pointing to the age-related automatization of the reading network. In contrast, we did not observe this age-related pattern in the DD group, which highlights a functional atypicality that remains evident across the investigated age range. Overall, these findings indicate that the core neural atypicality in dyslexia involves reduced activation strength and an absence of typical age-related PL decreases, rather than a fundamental overall shift in PL.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The integrity of locus coeruleus modulates reward-induced visual perceptual learning. 蓝斑的完整性调节奖励诱导的视觉知觉学习。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag119

Zhiyan Wang, Sinah Wiborg, Lea Hemesath, Mark W Greenlee

{"title":"The integrity of locus coeruleus modulates reward-induced visual perceptual learning.","authors":"Zhiyan Wang, Sinah Wiborg, Lea Hemesath, Mark W Greenlee","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhag119","url":null,"abstract":"Maximizing reward guides how humans learn in a dynamically changing environment. However, the neural mechanisms underlying how reward promotes visual perceptual learning remain largely unknown. We trained 2 groups of participants (the Reward and the Control group) on a contrast categorization task on oriented Gabor patches in 1 visual quadrant for consecutive 5 sessions. Unknown to the participants in the Reward group, one of the orientations, which was presented but remained task-irrelevant during training, was paired with a monetary reward with 80% probability. Participants' orientation discrimination threshold in the Reward group improved for the reward-paired orientation in the trained visual quadrant, indicating visual perceptual learning of the task-irrelevant visual feature in association with reward. Learning also transferred to the untrained visual quadrants. No performance improvement was found in the Control group for either orientation. Surprisingly, we found that the integrity of the locus coeruleus modulates the amount of transfer of visual perceptual learning of the task-irrelevant visual feature: the higher the integrity of the locus coeruleus, the more likely learning of the task-irrelevant information will transfer to the untrained location. Our study provides important implications for the roles of locus coeruleus in reward-induced learning of irrelevant visual information.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the cortical architecture of language: evidence from left-hemisphere gliomas. 重新审视语言的皮层结构：来自左半球神经胶质瘤的证据。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag112

Effrosyni Ntemou, Anna-Thekla P Jäger, Lena Rybka, Thomas Picht, Friedemann Pulvermüller, Katharina Faust

{"title":"Revisiting the cortical architecture of language: evidence from left-hemisphere gliomas.","authors":"Effrosyni Ntemou, Anna-Thekla P Jäger, Lena Rybka, Thomas Picht, Friedemann Pulvermüller, Katharina Faust","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag112","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag112","url":null,"abstract":"Current wisdom of the organization of language in the brain has been shaped primarily by evidence from people with post-stroke aphasia, often emphasizing the role of Broca's and Wernicke's areas for production and comprehension respectively. However, this view may be obscured by the contributions of regions less frequently affected by middle cerebral artery infarcts. To overcome this limitation, we investigated the neural correlates of word- and sentence-level comprehension and production in 115 individuals with left-hemisphere gliomas using multivariate lesion-symptom mapping. Our findings challenge the traditional segregation of language modalities. Both word and sentence tasks were affected by damage to the anterior temporal lobe (ATL), inferior central regions, and inferior frontal gyrus, with additional involvement of the inferior parietal and posterior temporal regions for sentence processing only. Notably, lesions to the ATL impacted both comprehension and production, whereas posterior temporal damage selectively affected sentence-level performance. These findings highlight the importance of considering lesion etiology when investigating the neural architecture of language, suggesting that the classical dichotomy between \"production-frontal\" and \"comprehension-temporal\" areas oversimplifies the distributed nature of the language network. Clinically, our findings suggest that intraoperative paradigms relying solely on single-word naming may fail to identify regions critical for sentence-level processing.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heritable and experience-dependent cortical traits of reading ability. 阅读能力的遗传和经验依赖的皮层特征。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag125

Mikael Roll

{"title":"Heritable and experience-dependent cortical traits of reading ability.","authors":"Mikael Roll","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag125","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag125","url":null,"abstract":"Reading ability emerges from interacting phonological and semantic skills. However, the cortical microstructure supporting these traits remains unclear. Multimodal cortical parcellation and diffusion analysis were performed in 1,068 participants, including a genetically informed twin subsample. We identified auditory and anterior temporal subregions predicting oral reading scores. In the left auditory cortex, myelin in a paralemniscal (belt) area was heritably linked to reading, whereas thickness in the lemniscal (core) region reflected experience-dependent contributions. Bilateral anterior temporal lobe (ATL) surface areas were genetically associated with reading and predicted semantic performance, providing novel cortical evidence for heritable semantic substrates of literacy. The left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and a left ATL region connected with the arcuate fasciculus predicted reading scores independent of genetic influences. The cortical traits were linked to reading continuously across the population, challenging categorical models of dyslexia. The findings suggest that genetic and experience-dependent mechanisms jointly shape the phonological and semantic foundations of literacy.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognition disconnected: the influence of domain-general cognition (g) in lesion-deficit mapping. 认知断开：领域一般认知(g)在病变缺陷映射中的影响。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag120

Lara Sozer, Joseph Griffis, Kathleen Langbehn, Joel Bruss, Emily Olafson, Kenneth Manzel, Maurizio Corbetta, Daniel Tranel, Aaron D Boes, Mark Bowren

{"title":"Cognition disconnected: the influence of domain-general cognition (g) in lesion-deficit mapping.","authors":"Lara Sozer, Joseph Griffis, Kathleen Langbehn, Joel Bruss, Emily Olafson, Kenneth Manzel, Maurizio Corbetta, Daniel Tranel, Aaron D Boes, Mark Bowren","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag120","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag120","url":null,"abstract":"Lesion-deficit mapping is a premier technique for dissociating neural correlates of cognitive functions. However, the contribution of domain-general cognition (g) to the performance of virtually all complex behavioral tasks may encumber such efforts. This possibility has been largely unexplored. Here, we examined the influence of g in lesion-deficit mapping using a combination of structural equation modeling, lesion-behavior mapping (LBM), and structural lesion network mapping (sLNM) and functional lesion network mapping (fLNM). We modeled latent variables for visuospatial ability, processing speed, language, and anterograde memory among 473 patients with focal brain damage (age range 20 to 93, 257 men, 216 women), both with and without g-associated variance embedded within each factor. Lesion-deficit maps for domain-specific cognitive abilities were statistically significantly less spatially inter-correlated after partitioning out g (P = 0.010 for LBM; P = 0.003 for sLNM; P = 0.003 for fLNM). Lesion-deficit maps also implicated the existence of distinct neuroanatomy for specific cognitive domains that was, in many cases, only apparent and clearly distinct from lesion-deficit maps of g after partitioning out the influence of g. Overall, our findings suggest that, if left unaccounted for, domain-general cognitive variance could tangibly affect conclusions about the extent to which different cognitive functions rely on distinct neuroanatomy.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Creativity: a (white) matter of connectivity. 创造力：一个（白色的）连通性问题。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag096

Julius Voss, Karl Koschutnig, Patrick Klepits, Corinna M Perchtold-Stefan, Christian Rominger, Andreas Fink

{"title":"Creativity: a (white) matter of connectivity.","authors":"Julius Voss, Karl Koschutnig, Patrick Klepits, Corinna M Perchtold-Stefan, Christian Rominger, Andreas Fink","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhag096","url":null,"abstract":"In a cohort of 142 young adults, we probed how figural creative ideation maps onto white matter microstructure, aiming to challenge and refine the dominant view that creativity is driven by widely distributed brain networks. Figural creativity was assessed with the Test for Creative Thinking-Drawing Production, and its neural correlates were examined using two diffusion imaging metrics: quantitative anisotropy (QA) and fractional anisotropy (FA). Connectometry analyses uncovered robust, widespread positive associations between creative performance and white matter integrity, with the strongest effects in corticostriatal, corticopontine, and corticospinal pathways; commissural fibers such as the corpus callosum; and key association tracts including the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Together, these results spotlight sensory, motor, and sensorimotor tracts as core conduits for figural creative ideation, rather than mere supporting players. QA consistently outperformed FA in detecting these creativity-related patterns, underscoring the value of deploying multiple white matter metrics in creativity research. By directly contrasting QA and FA, this study sharpens our understanding of the structural neural architecture underpinning creative processes and highlights the unique power of QA to capture microstructural features that are especially critical for figural creative performance.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0