Cerebral cortex最新文献

Temporal brain dynamics and fluid reasoning after extreme prematurity. 极度早产后的颞脑动力学和流体推理。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-06 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag174

Nelly Padilla, Anira Escrichs, Elvira Del Agua, Morten Kringelbach, Antonio Donaire, Gustavo Deco, Ulrika Åden

{"title":"Temporal brain dynamics and fluid reasoning after extreme prematurity.","authors":"Nelly Padilla, Anira Escrichs, Elvira Del Agua, Morten Kringelbach, Antonio Donaire, Gustavo Deco, Ulrika Åden","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag174","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag174","url":null,"abstract":"Extremely preterm (EPT) birth (<28 weeks' gestation) disrupts brain maturation and increases later neurodevelopmental and mental health vulnerability. Temporal irreversibility quantifies directional brain dynamics, capturing the temporal organization of brain function. We examined whether EPT birth alters temporal irreversibility at 10 years and its association with cognition at 12 years. Resting-state functional MRI was acquired at 10 years of age in 33 children born EPT and 26 term-born controls. At 12 years of age, 29 children born EPT and 21 term-born controls underwent cognitive assessment using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fifth edition (WISC-V). Temporal irreversibility was quantified globally, across large-scale functional networks (visual, somatomotor, dorsal attention, salience, limbic, control, and default mode [DMN]), and at the node level using the INSIDEOUT framework. Children born EPT showed reduced temporal irreversibility globally and in higher-order association networks (control and DMN, P < 0.01; dorsal attention and salience, P < 0.05). Node-level analyses identified two association-network parcels that remained significant after false discovery rate correction (left precuneus and right dorsomedial frontal cortices). Within the EPT group, fluid reasoning was the only WISC-V domain significantly associated with temporal irreversibility, with higher global irreversibility associated with poorer fluid reasoning. These findings may inform future neurodevelopmental monitoring and intervention strategies after prematurity.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-06 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag171

James P Lister, Alison E Comrie, Carol A Barnes

{"title":"Age-related differences in behavior-driven activity in LEC but not MEC.","authors":"James P Lister, Alison E Comrie, Carol A Barnes","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhag171","url":null,"abstract":"The hippocampus integrates spatial information from medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) with non-spatial sensory information from lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) to form episodic memories. While age-related memory dysfunction is linked to several changes in neuronal function within hippocampal subfields, the effects of aging on MEC and LEC cellular activity patterns are less well-characterized. Here, we investigated MEC and LEC population activity in adult versus aged rats by monitoring the expression of the immediate early gene Arc across two behavioral task sessions with olfactory stimuli separated by a rest period. Aging did not affect the percentage of activated neurons in MEC or their consistent Arc expression patterns across sessions, consistent with stably coding repeated spatial experiences. In contrast, fewer LEC neurons were activated during behavior in aged than adult rats, indicating a specific age-associated hypoactivity in LEC. Additionally, regardless of group, more LEC neurons were activated during the second session compared to the first, which may reflect temporally sensitive LEC neuronal activity increasingly engaged across episodes of experience. These results indicate that aging affects input to the hippocampus in a region-specific manner and are also consistent with observations that suggest that some LEC neurons may provide a temporal tag for episodic memories.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cortico-striatal network architecture shapes rhythmic biases in music. 皮质纹状体网络结构形成音乐的节奏偏差。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-06 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag091

Massimo Lumaca, Jelle van der Werff, Peter E Keller, Sonja A Kotz, Giosuè Baggio, Mattia Rosso, Marcelo Kakihara, Mathilde Martin, Peter Vuust, Andrea Ravignani

{"title":"Cortico-striatal network architecture shapes rhythmic biases in music.","authors":"Massimo Lumaca, Jelle van der Werff, Peter E Keller, Sonja A Kotz, Giosuè Baggio, Mattia Rosso, Marcelo Kakihara, Mathilde Martin, Peter Vuust, Andrea Ravignani","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag091","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag091","url":null,"abstract":"Why is human music rhythmically structured the way it is? One hypothesis is that the human brain is intrinsically wired to favor specific rhythmic organizations. To test this, we collected diffusion and resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) data from musically untrained participants and, weeks later, asked them to imitate randomly generated drumming sequences using finger taps. These imitations exhibited systematic biases toward temporal structures widespread in human music: predictable patterns characterized by isochronous organization (1:1) and other small integer ratios (2:1 and 3:1). Functional connectome analyses linked the increased rhythmic predictability of reproduced rhythms to intrinsic interactions between networks implicated in auditory timing (auditory basal ganglia) and executive control (task-positive and task-negative networks). Notably, the tendency toward isochrony-a feature highly conserved across species-was selectively associated with increased fiber density within a cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical network previously implicated in the perception and production of a metronomic pulse from music (the \"beat\"). Our findings reveal how stable neural architecture predisposes humans to produce rhythmically structured patterns. This evidence links intrinsic brain circuitry to individual cultural expressions, supporting the account of human symbolic systems, including music, as biocultural hybrids.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13641083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lower engagement of cognitive control in children on ChatGPT. 儿童ChatGPT认知控制参与度较低。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag167

Tzipi Horowitz-Kraus, Yoed N Kenett, Dafna Link-Sourani, Emeel Ashqar, Rola Farah

{"title":"Lower engagement of cognitive control in children on ChatGPT.","authors":"Tzipi Horowitz-Kraus, Yoed N Kenett, Dafna Link-Sourani, Emeel Ashqar, Rola Farah","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag167","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag167","url":null,"abstract":"Generative artificial intelligence (AI) can scaffold idea generation, but how it engages control, attention, and memory systems in the developing versus mature brain, and how this relates to creativity, remains unclear. We compared 6-7-yr-old children and adults during a naturalistic 5-min co-creative dialog with ChatGPT using the same prompt, in-scanner conversation, undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning and their dialogs were recorded. Functional connectivity was computed within and between seven large-scale networks: cingulo-opercular, default mode, memory retrieval, frontoparietal (FP), salience, ventral attention, and dorsal attention (DAN). Creativity scores, assessed outside of the scanner, did not differ between groups. Adults showed stronger within-network connectivity in control/attention systems, most robustly in FP, with additional effects in salience and DAN. Adults also exhibited greater cross-network integration, particularly FP-salience and FP-DAN couplings, alongside broader adult-greater effects among memory- and attention-related pairs. During a co-creative AI-assisted conversation, children exhibit a less coherent and integrated control-attention-memory architecture than adults. The combination of similar creativity scores with divergent neural profiles suggests that developmental differences in the implementation of creative cognition may be more pronounced than baseline capacity. This highlights FP-centric pathways and their salience-gated interactions as candidate substrates by which creativity supports goal-directed co-creative dialog with AI.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13641069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distinct electroencephalography alpha-band rhythms map macroscale brain gradients. 不同的脑电图α带节律映射宏观脑梯度。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag169

Iryna Gunko, Sam M Doesburg, George Medvedev, Alexander Moiseev, Vasily A Vakorin

{"title":"Distinct electroencephalography alpha-band rhythms map macroscale brain gradients.","authors":"Iryna Gunko, Sam M Doesburg, George Medvedev, Alexander Moiseev, Vasily A Vakorin","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag169","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag169","url":null,"abstract":"Brain gradients provide a low-dimensional framework for describing cortical organization, linking functional connectivity, anatomy, development, and transcriptional architecture. Whether this macroscale organization also structures fast electrophysiological dynamics remains less clear. Here we used the longstanding observation that alpha-band activity is not unitary, and that some individuals exhibit multiple alpha peaks, as an entry point for examining cortical gradients in resting-state electroencephalography (EEG). We analyzed source-reconstructed EEG from 608 adults, comprising 3,255 recordings acquired across eyes-open and eyes-closed rest before and after cognitive testing. Within individuals, parcel-wise alpha peak frequencies frequently departed from unimodality, revealing 2 separable alpha-frequency components in 38.3% of recordings. These components were not spatially arbitrary: frequency-defined clusters aligned with canonical functional networks, most prominently separating visual and somatomotor systems, although their relative frequency ordering varied across individuals. Low-dimensional analysis of cluster network composition further identified 2 principal axes: a sensory-differentiation axis contrasting visual and somatomotor contributions, and a sensorimotor-association axis resembling established functional-connectomic gradients. These findings suggest that split alpha reflects multiple sensory-anchored oscillatory modes embedded within macroscale cortical gradients, linking a classical EEG phenomenon to the brain's hierarchical architecture.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linked multimodal brain alterations in depression with suicidal risk. 抑郁症与自杀风险相关的多模态大脑改变。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag164

Min Wang, Yushun Yan, Yuanmei Tao, Toluwani Joan Amos, Jinxue Wei, Liansheng Zhao, Rongjun Ni, Xiao Yang, Xiaohong Ma

{"title":"Linked multimodal brain alterations in depression with suicidal risk.","authors":"Min Wang, Yushun Yan, Yuanmei Tao, Toluwani Joan Amos, Jinxue Wei, Liansheng Zhao, Rongjun Ni, Xiao Yang, Xiaohong Ma","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhag164","url":null,"abstract":"Suicidal ideation and behavior (SIB) represent a major clinical challenge in major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the multimodal brain structural signatures associated with SIB and their relationships with cognitive dysfunction remain poorly understood. We acquired multimodal neuroimaging measures, including gray matter volume, cortical thickness, pial area (PA), white matter fractional anisotropy, together with neurocognitive measures from 61 MDD patients with SIB (MDD-SIB), 38 without SIB (MDD-nSIB), and 142 healthy controls (HC). Linked independent component analysis (LICA) was used to identify covarying multimodal structural brain patterns, followed by group comparisons and exploratory association analyses. LICA identified distinct multimodal structural patterns related to SIB status, with IC1, IC9, and IC14 differing between MDD-SIB and HC, and IC12 between MDD-SIB and MDD-nSIB. Spatial working memory (SWM), visual memory, sustained attention, and cognitive flexibility also differed significantly across groups, with the MDD-SIB group showing poorer performance across these cognitive domains. Within the MDD-SIB group, IC1, a fronto-temporal-cingulate structural covariance pattern characterized predominantly by PA alterations, was associated with both SWM strategy performance and depressive symptom severity. These findings identify distributed multimodal structural signatures associated with SIB in MDD and highlight a fronto-temporal-cingulate neural correlate linking cognitive dysfunction with depressive symptom severity.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural signatures of serial order access in verbal working memory. 语言工作记忆中序列顺序存取的神经特征。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag160

Giulia Cristoforetti, Yangwen Xu, Simone Viganò, Jean-Philippe van Dijck, Roberto Bottini, Wim Fias

{"title":"Neural signatures of serial order access in verbal working memory.","authors":"Giulia Cristoforetti, Yangwen Xu, Simone Viganò, Jean-Philippe van Dijck, Roberto Bottini, Wim Fias","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag160","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag160","url":null,"abstract":"Serial order working memory allows information to be maintained as structured sequences, yet the neural formats supporting access to serial position remain unclear. Behavioral evidence suggests that temporal order can be recoded into spatial representations, but serial order may also rely on representations that generalize beyond the spatial configuration of encoding. Here, participants memorized digit sequences presented either left-to-right or right-to-left, thereby reversing the mapping between ordinal position and external space while keeping retrieval cues centrally presented during fMRI. Behaviorally, spatial coding during retrieval was modulated by encoding direction. Multivoxel pattern analysis revealed direction-specific decoding in lateral parietal cortex: left inferior parietal cortex encoded serial position after left-to-right encoding, whereas right inferior parietal cortex did so after right-to-left encoding. In contrast, cross-direction decoding revealed direction-invariant effects in left supramarginal and precentral regions, suggesting serial-position information that generalized across spatial layouts. Finally, univariate parametric modulation revealed activity scaling with serial position in bilateral posterior parietal cortex, left anterior hippocampus, and action-control regions. Together, these findings indicate that serial order access in working memory relies on multiple neural signatures, including spatially context-dependent representations, direction-invariant ordinal codes, and graded process-related activity.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dopamine synchronizes hippocampal-prefrontal networks. 多巴胺使海马体-前额叶网络同步。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag161

Benedito A de Oliveira-Junior, Fernando E Padovan-Neto, Nandakumar S Narayanan, João P Leite, Rafael N Ruggiero

{"title":"Dopamine synchronizes hippocampal-prefrontal networks.","authors":"Benedito A de Oliveira-Junior, Fernando E Padovan-Neto, Nandakumar S Narayanan, João P Leite, Rafael N Ruggiero","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhag161","url":null,"abstract":"Interactions among brain networks support cognition and behavior. Oscillatory activity may contribute by coordinating distant neuronal populations, and identifying mechanisms that dynamically modulate this connectivity is crucial for understanding brain function. Dopamine (DA) is a well-positioned candidate, given its role in altering neuronal excitability and regulating oscillatory cognitive networks connecting the hippocampus (HPC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, how DA modulates HPC-PFC synchrony remains mostly unknown. Here, we recorded HPC and PFC activity in urethane-anesthetized rats while manipulating DA levels. Our results show that DA dose-dependently induces HPC-PFC theta coupling, including non-zero-lag phase synchrony. In PFC single units, DA reduced firing rates while strengthening spike-theta phase locking and shifting the preferred firing phase. Preferential stimulation of D1-like receptors with SKF-38393 or D2-like receptors with quinpirole did not reproduce the complete DA-induced oscillatory pattern, whereas systemic apomorphine, a non-selective DA receptor agonist, produced a distinct dose-dependent modulation of theta phase synchrony. Together, these findings demonstrate that DA rapidly reorganizes HPC-PFC network dynamics, enhancing interareal theta phase coordination and the temporal organization of prefrontal neuronal activity. This network response was not fully reproduced by preferential activation of either D1-like or D2-like receptors alone, pointing to a more complex dopaminergic modulation of HPC-PFC network dynamics.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gratitude mediates the link of precuneus volume to depression in older women. 在老年妇女中，感恩调节楔前叶体积与抑郁之间的联系。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag165

Jing Jiang, Hui Qiu, Xueling Suo, Jian Liu, Jin Gao, Dongmei Wu, Song Wang

{"title":"Gratitude mediates the link of precuneus volume to depression in older women.","authors":"Jing Jiang, Hui Qiu, Xueling Suo, Jian Liu, Jin Gao, Dongmei Wu, Song Wang","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhag165","url":null,"abstract":"Depression in older people is a major contributor to global disease burden and functional impairment. While trait gratitude, a stable tendency to appreciate others' help, has been shown to alleviate depressive symptoms across populations, less is known about its neuroanatomical substrates and protective neuropsychological mechanisms against depression symptoms in aging populations. Here, we investigated the structural neural correlates of trait gratitude in 120 community-dwelling older women using voxel-based morphometry analysis of T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data. First, the whole-brain correlation analysis identified a negative association between trait gratitude and regional gray matter volume (GMV) in the right precuneus. Mediation analyses further suggested that trait gratitude could mediate the impact of regional GMV in right precuneus on depression symptoms. Critically, supplemental analyses showed that the results persisted even after controlling for anxiety and stress symptoms, as well as general personality traits. Our study presents novel evidence for the neuroanatomical basis of trait gratitude in general older women and highlights a brain-personality-symptom pathway for protecting against depression in which GMV affects depressive symptoms via trait gratitude. These findings deepen understanding of gratitude's protective role in late-life mental health while highlighting potential neurostructural markers for resilience against depression.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Premotor cortices differentially influence contralateral motor cortex. 运动前皮层对对侧运动皮层的影响不同。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag163

Elnaz Allahverdloo, Larissa K Chiu, Amanda O'Farrell, Nesrine Harroum, Numa Dancause, Jason L Neva

{"title":"Premotor cortices differentially influence contralateral motor cortex.","authors":"Elnaz Allahverdloo, Larissa K Chiu, Amanda O'Farrell, Nesrine Harroum, Numa Dancause, Jason L Neva","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag163","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag163","url":null,"abstract":"Dorsal (PMd) and ventral (PMv) premotor cortices can modulate contralateral primary motor cortex (M1) excitability, but their distinct interhemispheric influence via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) remains unclear. Single-pulse TMS over PMd, PMv and M1 assessed transcallosal inhibition via the ipsilateral silent period (iSP). Dual-site TMS examined short-(10 ms inter-stimulus interval [ISI]), long-(50 ms ISI) and non-callosal-(0 ms ISI) interhemispheric inhibition (IHI). An iSP was elicited from PMd, PMv, and M1, with distinctly evoked iSP parameters. The iSP magnitude was greatest from M1, followed by PMd and then PMv, while iSP duration was greatest for M1 and showed no differences between PMd and PMv. Dual-site TMS revealed that PMd and M1 inhibited contralateral M1 excitability across all ISIs, while PMv showed inhibition at 0- and 50-ms ISIs. PMd and M1 demonstrated greater short-IHI compared to PMv, all demonstrating similar long-IHI, and PMd demonstrating greater non-callosal-IHI than M1. PMv displayed distinct IHI across ISIs, PMd showed differences across most ISIs and M1 demonstrated the fewest differences across ISIs. Longer iSP duration related to greater long-IHI magnitude elicited from PMd and PMv. Our findings demonstrate differential IHI from PMd and PMv on contralateral M1, which may inform neuromodulation strategies in rehabilitation contexts.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0