Cerebral cortex最新文献_第10页

The mystery of a single brain region. 单一大脑区域的奥秘。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag093

Marina A Pavlova

引用次数: 0

Laminar architecture of visual and auditory responses in the supplementary eye field of macaques. 猕猴辅助视场中视觉和听觉反应的层流结构。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag064

Pranavan Thirunavukkarasu, Steven P Errington, Amirsaman Sajad, Benjamin W Corrigan, Jeffrey D Schall

{"title":"Laminar architecture of visual and auditory responses in the supplementary eye field of macaques.","authors":"Pranavan Thirunavukkarasu, Steven P Errington, Amirsaman Sajad, Benjamin W Corrigan, Jeffrey D Schall","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag064","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag064","url":null,"abstract":"We describe properties and laminar organization of visual and auditory responses sampled with linear electrode arrays in and around the supplementary eye field of four macaque monkeys performing a visually guided task with a tone secondary reinforcer. Of pyramidal neurons in all layers and interneurons in L3 and L5/6, one-quarter were visually responsive, one-quarter, auditory, with 30% bimodal. Visual neurons were less common rostral, lateral, and medial to the supplementary eye field. Facilitated visual and auditory responses were much more common than suppressed. Pyramidal and interneurons responded to the stimulus in either hemifield with a weak bias for contralateral targets. Visual response latencies were comparable to values previously reported and later than auditory responses. Facilitated visual responses of interneurons preceded those of pyramidal neurons. Transient visual responses preceded sustained. Current-source density revealed visually evoked current sinks after auditory sinks that were transient for bright flashes and prolonged for the discrete task target. The earliest sink appeared at the L3 to L5 border and spread superficially and deeper with idiosyncratic variability across monkeys. These findings reveal new details about sensory processing in medial frontal cortex and complement our previous descriptions of the functional properties and laminar organization of neurons supporting cognitive control.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association learning drives synaptic plasticity at feedforward synapses in somatosensory cortex. 联想学习驱动体感觉皮层前馈突触的突触可塑性。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag047

Joseph A Christian, Eunsol Park, Alison L Barth

{"title":"Association learning drives synaptic plasticity at feedforward synapses in somatosensory cortex.","authors":"Joseph A Christian, Eunsol Park, Alison L Barth","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag047","url":null,"abstract":"Learning broadly alters neocortical synapses, although the input and target specificity for this plasticity has not been well-defined. Feedforward synapses into sensory cortex have early critical periods for plasticity after which they are resistant to experience-dependent changes. Whether these synapses are altered during learning has not been investigated, particularly in a setting where animals must identify causal relationships between sensory stimuli and rewards. Here, we examined whether these feedforward synapses can be altered by training mice in a freely-moving and whisker-dependent association task. Pathway-specific optogenetic stimulation and analysis of quantal excitatory postsynaptic currents in layer 2/3 (L2/3) pyramidal neurons from barrel cortex revealed a rapid and transient potentiation of layer 4 (L4) inputs at the onset of training, without any change in thalamocortical inputs onto L4 neurons. In contrast, pseudotraining-where stimuli and rewards were decoupled-drove depression of L4-L2/3 quantal excitatory postsynaptic currents. Because environmental enrichment did not influence quantal excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude, these data suggest that reward-prediction accuracy is a key driver of feedforward plasticity in primary sensory cortex. Significance statement Although it is well accepted that sensory learning can alter cortical synapses, the pathways that are modified and the specific cues that drive this synaptic change have not been systematically investigated. By manipulating stimulus-reward probabilities, we identified discrete and opposite changes in the strength of L4-L2/3 synapses depending on the predictive accuracy of the stimulus. These data suggest that feedforward sensory circuits are exquisitely sensitive to the predictive value of sensory input in a goal-directed task.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13240849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Context over categories in social vision. 社会视野中的语境高于范畴。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag082

Jessica Taubert

引用次数: 0

The extrastriate body area (also) subserves visual body detection. 外体区（也）提供视觉身体检测。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag081

Marius V Peelen

引用次数: 0

Regions in the human inferior temporal gyrus are engaged in numerosity processing across visual stimulus categories. 人类颞下回区域参与视觉刺激类别的数字加工。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag065

Vicente Alejandro Aguilera González, Gizem Cetin, Stephanie Zika, Antonia Schulz, Max Pirsch, Alexia Dalski, Mareike Grotheer

{"title":"Regions in the human inferior temporal gyrus are engaged in numerosity processing across visual stimulus categories.","authors":"Vicente Alejandro Aguilera González, Gizem Cetin, Stephanie Zika, Antonia Schulz, Max Pirsch, Alexia Dalski, Mareike Grotheer","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag065","url":null,"abstract":"The visual number form areas, here referred to as inferior temporal gyrus-math (ITG-math), have gained recent attention as a neural substrate of mathematical cognition. Yet, the function of these regions remains debated with some research suggesting selectivity for digits and others suggesting a visual stimulus-independent role in mathematical processing. Here we addressed this debate by exploring the impact of different tasks and stimuli on neural responses in ITG-math. Participants were presented with digits and UFOs, while performing a 1-back task either on stimulus numerosity or on stimulus color. We collected 2 sessions of this experiment from 17 healthy adults and could identify voxels with higher responses in the numerosity than the color task in 92% of the participants, whereas contrasting digits with unidentified flying objects (UFOs) leads to selective responses in only 35% of the participants. Accordingly, in independent data, ITG-math showed a task preference, but no stimulus preference. Multivariate analyses further revealed task encoding, and a combination of task and stimulus encoding, in the left and right ITG-math, respectively. Our work hence supports the notion that the role of ITG-math in mathematical cognition goes beyond the encoding of digits.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differentiation of cortical areas: effects of free energy minimization with broken symmetry. 皮质区域的分化：对称性破缺的自由能最小化效应。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag068

James Joseph Wright, Paul David Bourke

引用次数: 0

Cortical dynamics of icon perception: effects of concreteness and attractiveness. 图标感知的皮层动态：具体性和吸引力的影响。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag075

Jiaqi Zheng, Weiyong Xu, Johanna Silvennoinen, Fengyu Cong, Tiina Parviainen, Tuomo Kujala

{"title":"Cortical dynamics of icon perception: effects of concreteness and attractiveness.","authors":"Jiaqi Zheng, Weiyong Xu, Johanna Silvennoinen, Fengyu Cong, Tiina Parviainen, Tuomo Kujala","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag075","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag075","url":null,"abstract":"Icons, as simplified visual symbols, play a key role in visual communication, yet little neuroimaging research has addressed how icons are represented in the brain. We investigated how concreteness and attractiveness modulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of icon processing in a 2 × 2 factorial design in 35 adults using magnetoencephalography. Source-level event-related field (ERF) analysis and representational similarity analysis (RSA) were used to characterize neural responses, with partial RSA isolating each feature's unique contribution after controlling for low-level visual similarity. ERF results showed that concreteness exerted a robust and sustained influence on neural dynamics, with concrete icons eliciting stronger responses than abstract ones from 90 to 1,000 ms, emerging in bilateral occipital cortices and extending to occipitotemporal, temporal, and parietal regions. RSA confirmed concreteness as a representational dimension across processing stages. Attractiveness showed an early but transient effect in occipital and ventral occipitotemporal regions (80 to 130 ms), though this did not survive RSA after controlling for low-level visual property models. A concreteness × attractiveness interaction modulated early occipital and later parietal processing (100 to 185 ms), indicating these features do not operate independently. Our results reveal that semantic content outweighs esthetic appeal in shaping the neural representation of icons.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13286001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond body vision: the extrastriate body area as a multisensory and social hub. 超越身体视觉：作为多感官和社会中心的外体区域。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag083

Matteo Candidi, Salvatore Maria Aglioti

引用次数: 0

Prior exposure to speech rapidly modulates cortical processing of high-level linguistic structure. 先前的言语暴露可快速调节高级语言结构的皮质加工。

IF 3 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2026-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhag070

Qingqing Meng, Yiwen Li Hegner, Iain Giblin, Catherine McMahon, Blake W Johnson

{"title":"Prior exposure to speech rapidly modulates cortical processing of high-level linguistic structure.","authors":"Qingqing Meng, Yiwen Li Hegner, Iain Giblin, Catherine McMahon, Blake W Johnson","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhag070","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhag070","url":null,"abstract":"Neural activity has been shown to track hierarchical linguistic units in connected speech, and these responses are modulated by changes in speech intelligibility resulting from spectral degradation. In this study, we manipulated prior knowledge to enhance the intelligibility of physically identical speech sentences and tested whether this improvement would strengthen neural tracking responses. Cortical magnetoencephalography responses were recorded from 23 normal-hearing participants while they listened to intelligible speech followed by either the same (matched) or different (unmatched) unintelligible speech. When prior knowledge was available, cortical coherence at higher-order linguistic rates, particularly phrase and sentence rates, was enhanced relative to the unmatched condition and was predominantly lateralized to the left hemisphere. In contrast, cortical coherence to word-level units, which aligned with acoustic onsets, was bilateral and did not show a significant modulation by contextual information. No such coherence enhancement was observed when unintelligible speech preceded intelligible speech. This dissociation suggests that cerebral tracking of linguistic information is directly influenced by intelligibility, which itself is strongly shaped by physical speech cues. These findings provide an objective and sensitive neural index of speech intelligibility and help explain why previous studies have reported no effect of prior knowledge on cortical entrainment.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"36 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13320234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0