Cerebral cortex最新文献_第2页

On role models and Joe LeDoux. 关于榜样和乔-勒杜。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae417

Sheena A Josselyn

{"title":"On role models and Joe LeDoux.","authors":"Sheena A Josselyn","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhae417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhae417","url":null,"abstract":"Joseph LeDoux is a pioneering neuroscientist who has made profound discoveries that continue to impact our understanding of the neural basis of emotion and memory, particularly the role of the amygdala in threat conditioning. LeDoux's trailblazing and elegant studies were some of the first to examine the circuit basis of behavior. His work combined techniques to trace pathways into and out of the amygdala important for threat conditioning and related behaviors. Since that time, these types of circuit tracing studies have exploded in popularity across neuroscience, and I would argue, we all owe a debt to LeDoux for this. LeDoux has made numerous additional contributions to neuroscience and, by bringing emotion back to neuroscience, has helped unite neuroscience with psychology. A gifted writer with a knack for communicating complicated scientific ideas in an accessible manner, LeDoux has become an ambassador of science who uses his love of music to help educate and inspire. Perhaps more important than these laudable scientific achievements, LeDoux is also a true \"gentleman\" of science, showing that science need not be a contact sport. Here, I give a personal account on why Joseph LeDoux is one of my scientific role models.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gateway to the study of the amygdala and emotion. 研究杏仁核和情绪的入口。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae408

Lizabeth M Romanski

引用次数: 0

Fear, learning, and the amygdala: a personal reflection in honor of Joseph LeDoux. 恐惧、学习和杏仁核：纪念约瑟夫-勒杜的个人思考。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae394

Kevin S LaBar

引用次数: 0

How to interpret LeDoux's multistate hierarchical theory of consciousness. 如何解读勒杜的意识多态层次理论。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae389

Richard Brown

引用次数: 0

Emotional future simulations: neural and cognitive perspectives. 情感未来模拟：神经和认知视角。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae388

Daniel L Schacter, Sarah E Kalinowski, Jenna M Wilson

引用次数: 0

Causal relationships between cerebral cortical structure and preeclampsia: insights from bidirectional Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis. 大脑皮层结构与子痫前期之间的因果关系：双向孟德尔随机化和共聚焦分析的启示。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae400

Qiong Liu, Shaoqing Jiang, Yan Li, Aiyin Zhou, Hanfan Long, Weifen Zhong

{"title":"Causal relationships between cerebral cortical structure and preeclampsia: insights from bidirectional Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis.","authors":"Qiong Liu, Shaoqing Jiang, Yan Li, Aiyin Zhou, Hanfan Long, Weifen Zhong","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhae400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhae400","url":null,"abstract":"Preeclampsia, a multifaceted condition characterized by high blood pressure during pregnancy, is linked to substantial health risks for both the mother and the fetus. Previous studies suggest potential neurological impacts, but the causal relationships between cortical structural changes and preeclampsia remain unclear. We utilized genome-wide association study data for cortical thickness (TH) and surface area (SA) across multiple brain regions and preeclampsia. Bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to assess causality, followed by co-localization analyses to confirm shared genetic architecture. Increased cortical TH in the inferior parietal and supramarginal regions, and an enlarged SA in the postcentral region, were significantly associated with higher preeclampsia risk. Conversely, preeclampsia was linked to increased SA in the supramarginal and middle temporal gyri, and decreased SA in the lingual gyrus. Co-localization analyses indicated distinct genetic determinants for cortical structures and preeclampsia. Our findings reveal bidirectional influences between cortical structural features and preeclampsia, suggesting neuroinflammatory and vascular mechanisms as potential pathways. These insights underscore the importance of considering brain structure in preeclampsia risk assessment and highlight the need for further research into neuroprotective strategies.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing motor skill learning through multiple sessions of online high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation in healthy adults: insights from EEG power spectrum. 通过多次在线高清经颅直流电刺激加强健康成年人的运动技能学习：脑电图功率谱的启示。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae395

Feng Guo, Maolin Niu, Nicholas J Hanson, Jianrui Guo, Kuo Zhou, Tan Zhao, Yinghui Ren

{"title":"Enhancing motor skill learning through multiple sessions of online high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation in healthy adults: insights from EEG power spectrum.","authors":"Feng Guo, Maolin Niu, Nicholas J Hanson, Jianrui Guo, Kuo Zhou, Tan Zhao, Yinghui Ren","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhae395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhae395","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on finger motor skill acquisition. Thirty-one healthy adult males were randomly assigned to one of three groups: online HD-tDCS (administered during motor skill learning), offline HD-tDCS (delivered before motor skill learning), and a sham group. Participants engaged in a visual isometric pinch task for three consecutive days. Overall motor skill learning and speed-accuracy tradeoff function were used to evaluate the efficacy of tDCS. Electroencephalography was recorded and power spectral density was calculated. Both online and offline HD-tDCS total motor skill acquisition was significantly higher than the sham group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Motor skill acquisition in the online group was higher than offline (P = 0.132, Cohen's d = 1.46). Speed-accuracy tradeoff function in the online group was higher than both offline and sham groups in the post-test. The online group exhibited significantly lower electroencephalography activity in the frontal, fronto-central, and centro-parietal alpha band regions compared to the sham (P < 0.05). The findings suggest that HD-tDCS application can boost finger motor skill acquisition, with online HD-tDCS displaying superior facilitation. Furthermore, online HD-tDCS reduces the power of alpha rhythms during motor skill execution, enhancing information processing and skill learning efficiency.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multilayer network analysis reveals instability of brain dynamics in untreated first-episode schizophrenia. 多层网络分析揭示了未经治疗的首发精神分裂症患者大脑动态的不稳定性。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae402

Ziyang Gao, Yuan Xiao, Fei Zhu, Bo Tao, Qiannan Zhao, Wei Yu, John A Sweeney, Qiyong Gong, Su Lui

{"title":"Multilayer network analysis reveals instability of brain dynamics in untreated first-episode schizophrenia.","authors":"Ziyang Gao, Yuan Xiao, Fei Zhu, Bo Tao, Qiannan Zhao, Wei Yu, John A Sweeney, Qiyong Gong, Su Lui","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhae402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhae402","url":null,"abstract":"Although aberrant static functional brain network activity has been reported in schizophrenia, little is known about how the dynamics of neural function are altered in first-episode schizophrenia and are modulated by antipsychotic treatment. The baseline resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 122 first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia patients and 128 healthy controls (HCs), and 44 patients were rescanned after 1-year of antipsychotic treatment. Multilayer network analysis was applied to calculate the network switching rates between brain states. Compared to HCs, schizophrenia patients at baseline showed significantly increased network switching rates. This effect was observed mainly in the sensorimotor (SMN) and dorsal attention networks (DAN), and in temporal and parietal regions at the nodal level. Switching rates were reduced after 1-year of antipsychotic treatment at the global level and in DAN. Switching rates at baseline at the global level and in the inferior parietal lobule were correlated with the treatment-related reduction of negative symptoms. These findings suggest that instability of functional network activity plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute psychosis in early-stage schizophrenia. The normalization of network stability after antipsychotic medication suggests that this effect may represent a systems-level mechanism for their therapeutic efficacy.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reconciliation of weak pairwise spike-train correlations and highly coherent local field potentials across space. 弱成对尖峰-列车相关性与跨空间高度一致的局部场电位的调和。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae405

Johanna Senk, Espen Hagen, Sacha J van Albada, Markus Diesmann

{"title":"Reconciliation of weak pairwise spike-train correlations and highly coherent local field potentials across space.","authors":"Johanna Senk, Espen Hagen, Sacha J van Albada, Markus Diesmann","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhae405","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhae405","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-electrode arrays covering several square millimeters of neural tissue provide simultaneous access to population signals such as extracellular potentials and spiking activity of one hundred or more individual neurons. The interpretation of the recorded data calls for multiscale computational models with corresponding spatial dimensions and signal predictions. Multi-layer spiking neuron network models of local cortical circuits covering about $1,{text{mm}^{2}}$ have been developed, integrating experimentally obtained neuron-type-specific connectivity data and reproducing features of observed in-vivo spiking statistics. Local field potentials can be computed from the simulated spiking activity. We here extend a local network and local field potential model to an area of $4times 4,{text{mm}^{2}}$, preserving the neuron density and introducing distance-dependent connection probabilities and conduction delays. We find that the upscaling procedure preserves the overall spiking statistics of the original model and reproduces asynchronous irregular spiking across populations and weak pairwise spike-train correlations in agreement with experimental recordings from sensory cortex. Also compatible with experimental observations, the correlation of local field potential signals is strong and decays over a distance of several hundred micrometers. Enhanced spatial coherence in the low-gamma band around $50,text{Hz}$ may explain the recent report of an apparent band-pass filter effect in the spatial reach of the local field potential.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11513197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncovering neural substrates across Alzheimer's disease stages using contrastive variational autoencoder. 利用对比变异自动编码器揭示阿尔茨海默病各阶段的神经基质

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae393

Yan Tang, Chao Yang, Yuqi Wang, Yunhao Zhang, Jiang Xin, Hao Zhang, Hua Xie

{"title":"Uncovering neural substrates across Alzheimer's disease stages using contrastive variational autoencoder.","authors":"Yan Tang, Chao Yang, Yuqi Wang, Yunhao Zhang, Jiang Xin, Hao Zhang, Hua Xie","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhae393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhae393","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease is the most common major neurocognitive disorder. Although currently, no cure exists, understanding the neurobiological substrate underlying Alzheimer's disease progression will facilitate early diagnosis and treatment, slow disease progression, and improve prognosis. In this study, we aimed to understand the morphological changes underlying Alzheimer's disease progression using structural magnetic resonance imaging data from cognitively normal individuals, individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease via a contrastive variational autoencoder model. We used contrastive variational autoencoder to generate synthetic data to boost the downstream classification performance. Due to the ability to parse out the nonclinical factors such as age and gender, contrastive variational autoencoder facilitated a purer comparison between different Alzheimer's disease stages to identify the pathological changes specific to Alzheimer's disease progression. We showed that brain morphological changes across Alzheimer's disease stages were significantly associated with individuals' neurofilament light chain concentration, a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the biological plausibility of our results.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0