Cerebral cortexPub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf049
Emilie A Caspar, Antonin Rovai, Salvatore Lo Bue, Axel Cleeremans
{"title":"Neural correlates of the sense of agency in free and coerced moral decision-making among civilians and military personnel.","authors":"Emilie A Caspar, Antonin Rovai, Salvatore Lo Bue, Axel Cleeremans","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sense of agency, the feeling of being the author of one's actions and outcomes, is critical for decision-making. While prior research has explored its neural correlates, most studies have focused on neutral tasks, overlooking moral decision-making. In addition, previous studies mainly used convenience samples, ignoring that some social environments may influence how authorship in moral decision-making is processed. This study investigated the neural correlates of sense of agency in civilians and military officer cadets, examining free and coerced choices in both agent and commander roles. Using a functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm where participants could either freely choose or follow orders to inflict a mild shock on a victim, we assessed sense of agency through temporal binding-a temporal distortion between voluntary and less voluntary decisions. Our findings suggested that sense of agency is reduced when following orders compared to acting freely in both roles. Several brain regions correlated with temporal binding, notably the occipital lobe, superior/middle/inferior frontal gyrus, precuneus, and lateral occipital cortex. Importantly, no differences emerged between military and civilians at corrected thresholds, suggesting that daily environments have minimal influence on the neural basis of moral decision-making, enhancing the generalizability of the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebral cortexPub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf041
Keita Tsujimura, Alpen Ortug, José Luis Alatorre Warren, Tadashi Shiohama, Christopher J McDougle, Rachel E Marcus, Chieh-En Jane Tseng, Nicole R Zürcher, Nathaniel D Mercaldo, Susan Faja, Alika Maunakea, Jacob Hooker, Emi Takahashi
{"title":"Structural pathways related to the subventricular zone are decreased in volume with altered microstructure in young adult males with autism spectrum disorder.","authors":"Keita Tsujimura, Alpen Ortug, José Luis Alatorre Warren, Tadashi Shiohama, Christopher J McDougle, Rachel E Marcus, Chieh-En Jane Tseng, Nicole R Zürcher, Nathaniel D Mercaldo, Susan Faja, Alika Maunakea, Jacob Hooker, Emi Takahashi","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf041","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by reduced social communication and repetitive behaviors. Altered neurogenesis, including disturbed neuronal migration, has been implicated in autism spectrum disorder. Using diffusion MRI, we previously identified neuronal migration pathways in the human fetal brain and hypothesized that similar pathways persist into adulthood, with differences in volume and microstructural characteristics between individuals with autism spectrum disorder and controls. We analyzed diffusion MRI-based tractography of subventricular zone-related pathways in 15 young adult men with autism spectrum disorder and 18 controls at Massachusetts General Hospital, with validation through the Autism Imaging Data Exchange II dataset. Participants with autism spectrum disorder had reduced subventricular zone pathway volumes and fractional anisotropy compared to controls. Furthermore, subventricular zone pathway volume was positively correlated (r: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.88) with symptom severity, suggesting that individuals with more severe symptoms tended to have larger subventricular zone pathway volumes, normalized by brain size. Analysis of the Autism Imaging Data Exchange cohort confirmed these findings of reduced subventricular zone pathway volumes in autism spectrum disorder. While some of these pathways may potentially include inaccurately disconnected pathways that go through the subventricular zone, our results suggest that diffusion MRI-based tractography pathways anatomically linked to the periventricular region are associated with certain symptom types in adult males with autism spectrum disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebral cortexPub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf051
Nicola Thibault, Andréanne Sharp, Philippe Albouy, Simon Grondin
{"title":"Perception of short, but not long, time intervals is modality specific: EEG evidence using vibrotactile stimuli.","authors":"Nicola Thibault, Andréanne Sharp, Philippe Albouy, Simon Grondin","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A longstanding debate in cognitive neuroscience questions whether temporal processing is modality-specific or governed by a \"central clock\" mechanism. We propose that this debate stems from neglecting the duration of the intervals processed, as studies supporting modality-specific models of time perception often focus on below 1.2-s intervals. To address this, we examined the neuronal dynamics underlying the perception of time intervals shorter and longer than 1.2-s using vibrotactile stimuli. Twenty participants underwent electroencephalogram recordings during a passive tactile oddball paradigm. We compared brain responses to standard and deviant intervals, with deviants occurring either earlier or later than the standard in both below and above 1.2-s conditions. Event-related potentials revealed distinct deviance-related components: a P250 for deviance detection of short deviants and an N400 long deviants. Generators lied in a modality-specific network for short intervals, while long intervals activated a broader, higher-level network. We found no evidence of the contingent negative variation in the tactile modality, questioning its role as a universal marker of temporal accumulation. Our findings suggest that short intervals involve modality-specific circuits, while longer intervals engage distributed networks, shedding light on whether temporal processing is centralized or distributed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Test-retest reliability of decisions under risk with outcome evaluation: evidence from behavioral and event-related potentials (ERPs) measures in 2 monetary gambling tasks.","authors":"Jia Jin, Qin Xiao, Yuxuan Liu, Ting Xu, Qiang Shen","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The balance between potential gains and losses under risk, the stability of risk propensity, the associated reward processing, and the prediction of subsequent risk behaviors over time have become increasingly important topics in recent years. In this study, we asked participants to carry out 2 risk tasks with outcome evaluation-the monetary gambling task and mixed lottery task twice, with simultaneous recording of behavioral and electroencephalography data. Regarding risk behavior, we observed both individual-specific risk attitudes and outcome-contingent risky inclination following a loss outcome, which remained stable across sessions. In terms of event-related potential (ERP) results, low outcomes, compared to high outcomes, induced a larger feedback-related negativity, which was modulated by the magnitude of the outcome. Similarly, high outcomes evoked a larger deflection of the P300 compared to low outcomes, with P300 amplitude also being sensitive to outcome magnitude. Intraclass correlation coefficient analyses indicated that both the feedback-related negativity and P300 exhibited modest to good test-retest reliability across both tasks. Regarding choice prediction, we found that neural responses-especially those following a loss outcome-predicted subsequent risk-taking behavior at the single-trial level for both tasks. Therefore, this study extends our understanding of the reliability of risky preferences in gain-loss trade-offs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebral cortexPub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf054
Hongxing Liu, Yanru Bai, Qi Zheng, Ran Zhao, Mingkun Guo, Jianing Zhu, Guangjian Ni
{"title":"Effects of spatial separation and background noise on brain functional connectivity during auditory selective spatial attention.","authors":"Hongxing Liu, Yanru Bai, Qi Zheng, Ran Zhao, Mingkun Guo, Jianing Zhu, Guangjian Ni","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Auditory selective spatial attention (ASSA) plays an important role in \"cocktail party\" scenes, but the effects of spatial separation between target and distractor sources and background noise on the associated brain responses have not been thoroughly investigated. This study utilized the multilayer time-varying brain network to reveal the effect patterns of different separation degrees and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels on brain functional connectivity during ASSA. Specifically, a multilayer time-varying brain network with six time-windows equally divided by each epoch was constructed to investigate the segregation and integration of brain functional connectivity. The results showed that the inter-layer connectivity strength was consistently lower than the intra-layer connectivity strength for various separation degrees and SNR levels. Moreover, the connectivity strength of the multilayer time-varying brain network increased with decreasing separation degrees and initially increased and subsequently decreased with decreasing SNR levels. The second time-window of the network showed the most significant variation under some conditions and was determined as the core layer. The topology within the core layer was mainly reflected in the connectivity between the frontal and parietal-occipital cortices. In conclusion, these results suggest that spatial separation and background noise significantly modulate brain functional connectivity during ASSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebral cortexPub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf061
Yi Huang, Yaqi Yang, Oi Ling Siu
{"title":"Strategic mindset facilitates social feedback processing and self-concept adjustment.","authors":"Yi Huang, Yaqi Yang, Oi Ling Siu","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mindsets related to individuals' abilities and personalities can explain why some people are more open to learning from others and improving themselves. A strategic mindset, which involves frequently asking oneself strategy-eliciting questions, has been linked to better academic performance among students. Yet the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying the strategic mindset in the domain of social interaction remain unclear. Here, we investigated the relationships among a strategic mindset, social feedback processing, and self-concept adjustment. Our event-related potential study (n = 41) showed a negative correlation between a strategic mindset and the neural indicator of social conflict (ie the N400 component). Moreover, a strategic mindset selectively responds to positive social feedback, supported by its positive correlations with the amplitude of the late positive potential in response to desirable feedback. Our behavioral study (n = 45) further demonstrated that individuals with a higher level of strategic mindset were more likely to update their self-concept based on conflicting opinions presented by others. We differentiated a strategic mindset from a growth mindset and showed that it explained unique variance in two studies. These findings may have practical implications for interventions aimed at encouraging individuals to ask strategy-eliciting questions and facilitating personal growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alexithymia shapes intersubject synchrony in brain activity during interoceptive sensation representations.","authors":"Xianrui Li, Xueyang Wang, Chuyao Peng, Zhiting Ren, Junlai Shan, Qian Luo, Dongtao Wei, Jiang Qiu","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alexithymia is a subclinical condition that affects individuals' processing of emotions. Emerging evidence suggests that alexithymia results from a multidomain and multidimensional interoceptive failure. Although extensive research has examined the relationship between alexithymia and interoception, less is known about how alexithymia modulates the brain activity evoked by interoceptive sensations. In this study, we used task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess intersubject correlations in response to interoceptive sensation words in individuals with high alexithymia and low alexithymia. Participants with high alexithymia (n = 29) and low alexithymia (n = 28) were instructed to view words during MRI scanning, each word corresponding to a specific emotional category related to interoceptive sensations. Intersubject correlation analysis identified several brain regions exhibiting increased synchronization in individuals with high alexithymia, including those involved in cognitive control. Follow-up analyses revealed that the left middle occipital gyrus and the right inferior frontal gyrus (orbital part) were more active during interoceptive sensation events in individuals with high alexithymia. Validation analyses revealed that the amygdala and insula are also crucial in representing interoceptive sensations. These findings shed light on the neural basis of interoceptive deficits in high alexithymia and have significant implications for the mechanisms regulating these differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebral cortexPub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf053
Fardin Nabizadeh
{"title":"Connectomics and neurotransmitter receptor profile explain regional tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Fardin Nabizadeh","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease tau pathology spreads through neuronal pathways and synaptic connections. Alteration in synaptic activity facilitates tau spreading. Multiple neurotransmitter systems are shown to be implicated in Alzheimer's disease, but their influence on the trans-synaptic spread of tau is not well understood. I aimed to combine resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging connectomics, neurotransmitter receptor profiles, and tau-PET data to explain the regional susceptibility to tau accumulation. The tau-PET imaging data of 161 amyloid-beta-negative cognitively unimpaired participants as control and 259 amyloid-beta-positive subjects were recruited from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Linear regression analysis revealed that a higher tau-PET z-score is associated with a lower density of nine receptors in the serotonin, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine, and glutamate systems. Furthermore, adding four neurotransmitter receptor density z-scores significantly increased the proportion of explained variance by 3% to 7% compared to the epicenter-connectivity distance model in the group-level analysis. Also, adding nine neurotransmitter receptor density z-scores to the epicenter-connectivity distance model increased the explanatory power of variability in individual levels of tau-PET z-score by 3% to 8%. The current study demonstrated the additive value of atlas-based neurotransmitter receptor mapping and individual-level amyloid-beta-PET scans to enhance the connectivity-based explanation of tau accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebral cortexPub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf028
Chih-Hao Lien, Thomas Vande Casteele, Maarten Laroy, Margot G A Van Cauwenberge, Ronald Peeters, Stefan Sunaert, Koen Van Laere, Patrick Dupont, Filip Bouckaert, Louise Emsell, Mathieu Vandenbulcke, Jan Van den Stock
{"title":"Are resting-state network alterations in late-life depression related to synaptic density? Findings of a combined 11C-UCB-J PET and fMRI study.","authors":"Chih-Hao Lien, Thomas Vande Casteele, Maarten Laroy, Margot G A Van Cauwenberge, Ronald Peeters, Stefan Sunaert, Koen Van Laere, Patrick Dupont, Filip Bouckaert, Louise Emsell, Mathieu Vandenbulcke, Jan Van den Stock","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the relationship between resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) topological properties and synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) positron emission tomography (PET) synaptic density (SD) in late-life depression (LLD). 18 LLD patients and 33 healthy controls underwent rs-fMRI, 3D T1-weighted MRI, and 11C-UCB-J PET scans to assess SD. The rs-fMRI data were utilized to construct weighted networks for calculating four global topological metrics, including clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, global efficiency, and small-worldness, and six nodal metrics, including nodal clustering coefficient, nodal characteristic path length, nodal degree, nodal strength, local efficiency, and betweenness centrality. The 11C-UCB-J PET provided standardized uptake value ratios as SD measures. LLD patients exhibited preserved global topological organization, with reduced nodal properties in regions associated with LLD, such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and increased nodal properties in the basal ganglia and cerebellar regions. Notably, a negative correlation was observed between betweenness centrality in the mPFC and depressive symptom severity. No significant alterations in SD or associations between rs-fMRI topological properties and SD were found, challenging the hypothesis that SD alterations are the molecular basis for rs-fMRI topological changes in LLD. Our findings suggest other molecular mechanisms may underlie the observed functional connectivity alterations in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebral cortexPub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf046
Tyler A Sassenberg, Rex E Jung, Colin G DeYoung
{"title":"Functional differentiation of the default and frontoparietal control networks predicts individual differences in creative achievement: evidence from macroscale cortical gradients.","authors":"Tyler A Sassenberg, Rex E Jung, Colin G DeYoung","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Much of the research on the neural correlates of creativity has emphasized creative cognition, and growing evidence suggests that creativity is related to functional properties of the default and frontoparietal control networks. The present work expands on this body of evidence by testing associations of creative achievement with connectivity profiles of brain networks assessed using macroscale cortical gradients. Using resting-state connectivity functional magnetic resonance imaging in 2 community samples (N's = 236 and 234), we found evidence that creative achievement is positively associated with greater functional dissimilarity between core regions of the default and frontoparietal control networks. These results suggest that creative achievement is supported by the ability of these 2 networks to carry out distinct cognitive roles. This research provides further evidence, using a cortical gradient approach, that individual differences in creative achievement can be predicted from functional properties of brain networks involved in higher-order cognition, and it aligns with past research on the functional connectivity correlates of creative task performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}