Cancers最新文献

{"title":"Co-Stimulatory and Immune Checkpoint Molecule Expression on Peripheral Immune Cells Differs Age Dependently Between Healthy Donors and Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Lisa K Puntigam, Ayla Grages, Julius M Vahl, Franziska Oliveri, Matthias Brand, Simon Laban, Jens Greve, Marie N Theodoraki, Cornelia Brunner, Thomas K Hoffmann, Patrick J Schuler, Adrian Von Witzleben","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The analysis of exhaustion marker expression, like immune checkpoint molecules (ICMs) on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as well as peripheral immune cells of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), is of high interest since it reveals information about the patient's immune status and the effectiveness of immune modulation. However, data regarding age-dependent expression are lacking. Here, we demonstrate an increase in most ICMs associated with age and disease, suggesting immune checkpoint modulation as an evidence-based option for the treatment of aged HNSCC patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (healthy: n = 30 with an age range from 21 to 84 years/HNSCC: n = 37 with an age range from 37 to 94 years) were analyzed via flow cytometry following (density gradient separation) standard protocol. Flow cytometry was performed using CD4 and CD8 as backbone markers as well as co-stimulatory molecules like CD137, OX40, GITR, and CD27 or ICM like PD-1, CTLA4, BTLA, LAG3, or TIM3 using a Gallios flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a statistically significant decreased ICM expression on the PBMCs of healthy donors with increasing age. However, the expression of ICMs in HNSCC was significantly increased (PD1 on CD4⁺ T cells: <i>p</i> = 0.001), while we found a decreased co-stimulatory molecule expression (e.g., CD27 on CD4⁺ T cells and CD39⁺ T cells: <i>p</i> = 0.003 and <i>p</i> = 0.009, respectively). Immune cells of HPV^neg HNSCC have a significant age-dependent decrease in CD27 expression on CD8⁺, CD4⁺, and CD39⁺ T cells (<i>p</i> = 0.0426, <i>p</i> = 0.0078, and <i>p</i> = 0.0078, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study sheds light on the changing co-stimulatory molecule/ICM expression regarding the patient's age and reveals an increase in most immune checkpoint molecules for HNSCC patients according to their age. This new evidence is valuable in ensuring individualized therapeutic approaches in the increasingly relevant field of checkpoint inhibition, even in old age.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is YouTube™ a Reliable Source of Information for the Current Use of HIPEC in the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer?","authors":"Francesco Mezzapesa, Elisabetta Pia Bilancia, Margarita Afonina, Stella Di Costanzo, Elena Masina, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>: YouTube™ is a widely accessible platform with unfiltered medical information. This study aimed to evaluate the educational value and reliability of YouTube™ videos on Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer treatment. <b>Methods</b>: YouTube™ videos were searched using the keywords \"<i>ovarian cancer</i>\", \"<i>debulking surgery</i>\", \"<i>hyperthermic</i>\", and \"<i>HIPEC</i>\". Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Content (PEMAT A/V) score, DISCERN, Misinformation Scale, and the Global Quality Scale (GQS) were employed to assess the clarity, quality, and reliability of the information presented. <b>Results</b>: Of the 150 YouTube™ videos screened, 71 were suitable for analysis and categorized by target audience (general public vs. healthcare workers). Most (57, 80.2%) were uploaded after the \"Ov-HIPEC\" trial (18 January 2018), with a trend toward more videos for healthcare workers (<i>p</i> = 0.07). Videos for the general public were shorter (<i>p</i> < 0.001) but received more views (<i>p</i> = 0.06) and likes (<i>p</i> = 0.09), though they were of lower quality. The DISCERN score averaged 50 (IQR: 35-60), with public-targeted videos being less informative (<i>p</i> < 0.001), a trend mirrored by the Misinformation Scale (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and GQS (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The PEMAT A/V scores showed 80% Understandability (IQR: 62-90) and 33% Actionability (IQR: 25-100), with no significant difference between groups (<i>p</i> = 0.15, <i>p</i> = 0.4). <b>Conclusions</b>: While YouTube™ provides useful information for healthcare professionals, it cannot be considered a reliable source for patients seeking information on HIPEC for ovarian cancer. Many videos contribute to misinformation by not properly explaining treatment indications, timing, adverse effects, multimodal approaches, or clinical trial findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Treatment PET Radiomics for Prediction of Disease-Free Survival in Cervical Cancer.","authors":"Fereshteh Yousefirizi, Ghasem Hajianfar, Maziar Sabouri, Caroline Holloway, Pete Tonseth, Abraham Alexander, Tahir I Yusufaly, Loren K Mell, Sara Harsini, François Bénard, Habib Zaidi, Carlos Uribe, Arman Rahmim","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Cervical cancer remains a major global health concern, with high recurrence rates in advanced stages. [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT provides prognostic biomarkers such as SUV, MTV, and TLG, though these are not routinely integrated into clinical protocols. Radiomics offers quantitative analysis of tumor heterogeneity, supporting risk stratification. <b>Purpose:</b> To evaluate the prognostic value of clinical and radiomic features for disease-free survival (DFS) in locoregionally advanced cervical cancer using machine learning (ML). <b>Methods:</b> Sixty-three patients (mean age 47.9 ± 14.5 years) were diagnosed between 2015 and 2020. Radiomic features were extracted from pre-treatment PET/CT (IBSI-compliant PyRadiomics). Clinical variables included age, T-stage, Dmax, lymph node involvement, SUVmax, and TMTV. Forty-two models were built by combining six feature-selection techniques (UCI, MD, MI, VH, VH.VIMP, IBMA) with seven ML algorithms (CoxPH, CB, GLMN, GLMB, RSF, ST, EV) using nested 3-fold cross-validation with bootstrap resampling. External validation was performed on 95 patients (mean age 50.6 years, FIGO IIB-IIIB) from an independent cohort with different preprocessing protocols. <b>Results:</b> Recurrence occurred in 31.7% (<i>n</i> = 20). SUVmax of lymph nodes, lymph node involvement, and TMTV were the most predictive individual features (C-index ≤ 0.77). The highest performance was achieved by UCI + EV/GLMB on combined clinical + radiomic features (C-index = 0.80, <i>p</i> < 0.05). For single feature sets, IBMA + RSF performed best for clinical (C-index = 0.72), and VH.VIMP + GLMN for radiomics (C-index = 0.71). External validation confirmed moderate generalizability (best C-index = 0.64). <b>Conclusions:</b> UCI-based feature selection with GLMB or EV yielded the best predictive accuracy, while VH.VIMP + GLMN offered superior external generalizability for radiomics-only models. These findings support the feasibility of integrating radiomics and ML for individualized DFS risk stratification in cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pleuropulmonary Blastoma in Children: A Nationwide Multicenter Study.","authors":"Barbara Tejza, Marta Hetman, Jadwiga Węcławek-Tompol, Krzysztof Kałwak, Olga Rutynowska, Bożenna Dembowska-Bagińska, Agata Sobocińska-Mirska, Paweł Łaguna, Ewa Bień, Ninela Irga-Jaworska, Katarzyna Derwich, Agnieszka Wziątek, Katarzyna Pawińska-Wąsikowska, Walentyna Balwierz, Anna Pytlik, Katarzyna Drabko, Justyna Walenciak, Wojciech Młynarski, Marta Rzeszutko, Jan Styczyński","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study involved an analysis of clinical data, histological types, genetic predisposition, treatment and outcomes in PPB in children. <b>Patients and methods</b>: We conducted a retrospective review of children treated for PPB at Polish pediatric oncology centers between 2011 and 2024. <b>Results:</b> A total of fifteen children (seven boys, eight girls; median age of 39 months; range: 27-64 months) were included. Type II solid/cystic PPB and type III solid PPB were diagnosed in six and eight children, respectively (one not known). Overall, 93% of patients were diagnosed at up to 4 years of age. Metastatic disease at diagnosis was confirmed in three (20%) patients, localized in bones, bone marrow and lymph nodes. Diagnosis was confirmed via central pathology review in 11 patients (73%). DICER1 pathogenic variants were identified in eight patients. All children presented with respiratory symptoms. The tumor dimensions were >10 cm (n = 7), 5-10 cm (n = 5) and <5 cm (n = 2). No bilateral lung involvement was observed. Tumor biopsy was performed in six children (40%), with subsequent resection (R0) in five patients. Primary resection (R0) was achieved in three patients (20%) with type II (n = 1) or type III (n = 2). In the other six patients, non-radical resection was performed: R1 in four (27%) children (with a tumor rupture in one patient) and R2 (subtotal resection) in two children (13%). All patients received postoperative chemotherapy. Maintenance chemotherapy was given to two patients. No patient received radiotherapy as first-line treatment. Progressive disease occurred in two patients in the CNS and lungs. Relapsed disease appeared in three patients, all with CNS involvement. <b>Conclusions</b>: PPB is a rare, malignant tumor of early childhood with an uncertain prognosis. Despite multimodal treatment, patients remain at risk of progression or CNS relapse. Complete surgical resection remains a key prognostic factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Treatment Modalities and Oncologic Outcomes in Hand Soft Tissue Sarcomas-A Systematic Review of the Literature.","authors":"W Rodrigo Calmet Rocca, Rayna S Kuthiala, Marcos R Gonzalez, Juan Pretell-Mazzini","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the hand are rare, representing only 2% of all STS. The small size and benign appearance of these tumors often lead to unplanned excisions and diagnostic delay. This systematic review sought to characterize the clinical presentation, histology, treatment modalities, and oncological outcomes of hand STS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of PubMed and Embase was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO. We included studies with ≥10 patients with STS that provided data on treatment options and oncologic outcomes. Data was extracted regarding demographics, tumor features, treatment modalities, and survival metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen studies comprising 570 patients were included. Most tumors were <5 cm, and 56.8% were deep (subfascial). Epithelioid and synovial sarcomas were the most common histologies, accounting for 27% and 17% of cases, respectively. UEs were seen in 57% of cases, and 26% of patients required amputation. Positive surgical margins were reported in 16% of patients. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy were used in 40% and 17% of patients, respectively. Twelve and 15% of patients developed regional lymph node and distant metastases, respectively. Local recurrence occurred in 20% of cases. Five- and ten-year overall survival were 80% and 77%, respectively. Disease-free survival at those time points were 77% and 74%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hand STSs are challenging due to their rarity, small size, and high rates of UEs. Despite favorable survival rates, local recurrence and metastases remain a concern. Early referral to specialized centers and individualized treatment strategies are essential for improving outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Distinct Architectures but Shared Vulnerabilities in Primary and Metastatic Liver Tumors.","authors":"Swamy R Adapa, Sahanama Porshe, Divya Priyanka Talada, Timothy M Nywening, Mattew L Anderson, Timothy I Shaw, Rays H Y Jiang","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastases differ in origin, progression, and therapeutic response, yet a direct high-resolution spatial comparison of their tumor microenvironments (TMEs) within the liver has not previously been performed. <b>Methods</b>: We applied high-definition spatial transcriptomics to fresh-frozen specimens of one HCC and one liver metastasis (>16,000 genes per sample, >97% mapping rates) as a proof-of-principle two-specimen study, cross-validated in human proteomics and patients' survival datasets. Transcriptional clustering revealed spatially distinct compartments, rare cell states, and pathway alterations, which were further compared against an independent systemic dataset. <b>Results</b>: HCC displayed an ordered lineage architecture, with transformed hepatocyte-like tumor cells broadly dispersed across the tissue and more differentiated hepatocyte-derived cells restricted to localized zones. By contrast, liver metastases showed two sharply compartmentalized domains: an invasion zone, where proliferative stem-like tumor cells occupied TAM-rich boundaries adjacent to hypoxia-adapted tumor-core cells, and a plasticity zone, which formed a heterogeneous niche of cancer-testis antigen-positive germline-like cells. Across both tumor types, we detected a conserved metabolic program of \"porphyrin overdrive,\" defined by reduced cytochrome P450 expression, enhanced oxidative phosphorylation gene expression, and upregulation of <i>FLVCR1</i> and <i>ALOX5</i>, reflecting coordinated rewiring of heme and lipid metabolism. <b>Conclusions</b>: In this pilot study, HCC and liver metastases demonstrated fundamentally different spatial architectures, with metastases uniquely harboring a germline/neural-like plasticity hub. Despite these organizational contrasts, both tumor types converged on a shared program of metabolic rewiring, highlighting potential therapeutic targets that link local tumor niches to systemic host-tumor interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Familial Non-Hereditary Gastric Cancer: Diagnosis, Management, Molecular Characteristics and Future Perspective.","authors":"Carlos Pardo, Irina Luzko, Joaquín Castillo-Iturra, Elisa Cantú-Germano, Leticia Moreira","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. While most cases are sporadic, approximately 10% show familial clustering with only a minority explained by known hereditary syndromes. The remaining, termed familial non-hereditary gastric cancer (FNHGC), lack a defined high-penetrance germline mutation. This review aims to summarize current knowledge regarding the diagnosis, risk factors, molecular characteristics and management of FNHGC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive narrative review of the literature was conducted focusing on epidemiologic, molecular and clinical studies addressing families with multiple GC cases but no identified germline mutation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The etiology of FNHGC is multifactorial, and <i>H. pylori</i>, with its related chronic gastritis, is probably the key driver. Familial clustering likely occurs when combined with other elements such as genetic polymorphisms, shared exposures to risk factors or even epigenetic phenomena. Molecular profiling reveals distinct patterns in familial tumors such as more frequent microsatellite instability; somatic <i>CDH1</i> promoter hypermethylation; and recurrent somatic mutations in <i>TP53</i>, RHOA and DNA repair genes. Current management focuses on genetic testing to rule out hereditary syndromes, endoscopic surveillance and mitigation of risk factors, with eradication of <i>H. pylori</i> paramount.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FNHGC represents a distinct subgroup of GC characterized by a multifactorial etiology related to exposure to risk factors and genetic susceptibility although significant gaps remain in fully explaining the condition. Ongoing research holds promise to provide tools for better detection and prevention in order to reduce the burden of GC in familial settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VSIG4 Is Dispensable for Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Murine Colorectal and Breast Cancer Models.","authors":"Els Lebegge, Neema Ahishakiye Jumapili, Jolien Van Craenenbroeck, Daliya Kancheva, Máté Kiss, Romina Mora Barthelmess, Ahmed E I Hamouda, Yvon Elkrim, Geert Raes, Éva Hadadi, Damya Laoui, Jo A Van Ginderachter, Sana M Arnouk","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important contributors to tumor progression and metastasis. Therefore, the identification of molecules that mediate these cells' tumor-promoting functions is highly warranted. VSIG4 has been proposed as a macrophage immune checkpoint. Hence, we aim to investigate this marker in preclinical models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publicly available scRNAseq datasets of human colorectal (CRC) and triple-negative breast (TNBC) carcinomas and their murine counterparts were reanalyzed to investigate the expression of VSIG4 in the different TAM populations. Moreover, tumors were grown in <i>Vsig4</i>-deficient mice to evaluate the effect on primary tumor characteristics. Finally, since liver Kupffer cells and large peritoneal macrophages are at least partly VSIG4-high, and are implicated in metastasis to those organs, the dissemination of CRC cancer cells to those sites was assessed in the <i>Vsig4</i>-deficient mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate that <i>VSIG4</i> expression in human CRC and TNBC is mostly restricted to TAMs, and that its expression correlates with a worse prognosis. However, a striking finding was that no <i>Vsig4</i> mRNA nor protein could be detected in the microenvironment of primary CRC and TNBC murine tumors, resulting in a similar tumor growth in wild type versus <i>Vsig4</i>-deficient mice. Moreover, no major differences were observed in metastatic tumor load in the liver and peritoneal cavity, apart from a reduced metastasis to the omentum in <i>Vsig4</i>-deficient animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Murine cancer models are not suitable to investigate the role of VSIG4 in primary tumors and VSIG4 deficiency did not alter liver nor peritoneal cavity metastasis in murine models, with the exception of the omentum.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Manual ELISA and Ella, an Automated Instrument for ELISA, in Measuring Serum Galectin-3 Levels in Breast Cancer Patient Samples.","authors":"Ella G Markalunas, Shannon E Harold, David H Arnold, Julie C Martin, W Jeffery Edenfield, Anna V Blenda","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Circulating galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels have been indicated as a promising diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic target in breast cancer patients. Specifically, serum galectin-3 levels are traditionally measured using manual Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), but recent automated methods, such as Simple Plex assay by ProteinSimple™ run on an Ella instrument, have shown promising evidence of being more efficient and less error-prone than manual methods. This paper aims to assess whether there are differences in serum galectin-3 measurements between manual and automated ELISA methods. <b>Methods</b>: Serum galectin-3 levels were initially analyzed from one hundred and fifteen breast cancer samples using both manual ELISA and the Ella instrument. Following coefficient of variation (CV) and outlier analysis, ninety-five samples were analyzed further with JMP statistical software to perform Shapiro-Wilk, Spearman's correlation, Wilcoxon signed-rank, and regression analyses. <b>Results</b>: The Ella instrument resulted in significantly lower CV values, confirming that it is more precise and reliable than manual ELISA methods. There was a moderate correlation between ELISA and Ella measurements (r = 0.49, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), but a Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed that serum gaelectin-3 measurements obtained with the Ella instrument were significantly lower compared to those obtained with manual ELISA, with a mean difference of -5.19 ng/mL (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Regression analysis showed a significant increase in the difference between manual ELISA and Ella measurements as serum galectin-3 levels increase (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). This difference in measurements between manual and automated ELISA techniques remained consistent when analyses were performed within each breast cancer stage, immunophenotype, and histology. <b>Conclusions</b>: While the Ella instrument is a fast and reliable tool, the discrepancies between manual ELISA and the Ella instrument in quantifying serum galectin-3 levels are important to consider prior to widespread use.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Extended Intensive Care Unit Utilization After Ovarian Cancer Surgery.","authors":"Vasilis Theodoulidis, Kalliopi Kissoudi, Kimonas Chatzistamatiou, Panagiotis Tzitzis, Dimitris Zouzoulas, Iakovos Theodoulidis, Christos Anthoulakis, Freideriki Sifaki, Theodoros Moysiadis, Eleni Koraki, Grigoris Grimbizis, Dimitris Tsolakidis","doi":"10.3390/cancers17193203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17193203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Patients with ovarian cancer often require intensive care unit (ICU) admission after surgery due to the complexity of the operation and the higher risk of complications. However, not all patients require a prolonged stay in the ICU. To identify factors that may predict extended stay in the ICU following surgery for ovarian cancer. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective review was conducted of patients who underwent surgery for ovarian cancer and were admitted to the ICU at a single tertiary hospital center between January 2004 and December 2023. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and perioperative variables were analyzed. <b>Results:</b> Of the 74 patients included, 36.5% had an ICU stay of at least 48 h. Factors associated with prolonged ICU stay included higher Body Mass Index (BMI) and time of surgery duration. In contrast, a greater body temperature at the end of the operation was linked to a decrease in the length of ICU stay. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings provide valuable insights for preoperative counseling and resource allocation, enhancing postoperative care for ovarian cancer patients. Additional research is required to confirm these data and investigate any other factors that may predict extended stay in the ICU.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}