Cancers最新文献

{"title":"RETRACTED: Zhou et al. HOXA11-AS1 Promotes PD-L1-Mediated Immune Escape and Metastasis of Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma by Facilitating PTBP1 and FOSL1 Association. <i>Cancers</i> 2022, <i>14</i>, 3694.","authors":"Zheng Zhou, Qian Liu, Gehou Zhang, Diab Mohammed, Sani Amadou, Guolin Tan, Xiaowei Zhang","doi":"10.3390/cancers17121917","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17121917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The journal retracts the article \"HOXA11-AS1 promotes PD-L1-mediated immune escape and metastasis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma by facilitating PTBP1 and FOSL1 association\" [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Erlotinib vs. Osimertinib for Advanced or Metastatic EGFR Mutation-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Without Prior Treatment: A Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Fernando M Runzer-Colmenares, Rossana Ruiz, Lorenzo Maco, Mike Maldonado, Luis Puma-Villanueva, Marco Galvez-Nino, Carlos Aliaga, Vicente A Benites-Zapata, Carlos Diaz-Arocutipa, Luis Mas, Diego Urrunaga-Pastor","doi":"10.3390/cancers17111895","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17111895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of lung cancer cases globally and most patients receive their diagnosis at advanced or metastatic disease stages. The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as erlotinib (first-generation) and osimertinib (third-generation) to treat NSCLC is possible because of activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Although osimertinib has shown better results in recent trials, direct and updated comparisons with erlotinib, especially in combination regimens, are still limited. <b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of osimertinib versus erlotinib, both as monotherapies and in combination, in treatment-naïve patients with advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC. <b>Methods</b>: A systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA-NMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025649761). PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched up to February 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared erlotinib- or osimertinib-based regimens in previously untreated EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and grade ≥ 3 adverse events. A frequentist random-effects model was used, and treatments were ranked using p-scores. <b>Results</b>: Eleven RCTs (2341 patients) were included. Osimertinib, alone or with chemotherapy, resulted in significantly longer OS compared to erlotinib-based regimens (HR for OS vs. erlotinib: 1.59, 95% CI 1.09-2.31). All osimertinib and erlotinib regimens outperformed chemotherapy for PFS, but no statistically significant differences were observed between osimertinib and erlotinib. Severe adverse events were comparable, though osimertinib ranked highest for safety. The combination of osimertinib with chemotherapy achieved the highest p-scores for both OS and PFS. <b>Conclusions</b>: Osimertinib is associated with superior overall survival and comparable safety versus erlotinib-based strategies in first-line treatment of advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC. These findings reinforce osimertinib as the preferred first-line option in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Value of FOXL2 Mutant Circulating Tumor DNA in Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor Patients.","authors":"Geertruid J Brink, Nizar Hami, Hans W Nijman, Jurgen M J Piek, Luc R C W van Lonkhuijzen, Eva Maria Roes, Ward Hofhuis, Christianne A R Lok, Cor D de Kroon, Eelke H Gort, Petronella O Witteveen, Ronald P Zweemer, Jolijn W Groeneweg","doi":"10.3390/cancers17111894","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17111894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The purpose of the study is to determine whether <i>FOXL2</i> circulating tumor DNA can be used as a prognostic biomarker and marker for monitoring treatment response in patients with an adult-type granulosa cell tumor (aGCT). <b>Methods:</b> Plasma samples of patients included in the multicenter GRANULOSA study were collected before and after surgery for primary or recurrent aGCT, during follow-up, and during systemic treatment. The presence of ctDNA containing the <i>FOXL2 402C>G</i> mutation was analyzed in 284 samples from 20 primary and 34 recurrent aGCT patients, using digital droplet PCR. Clinical data were retrieved from electronic patient records, and patients were followed through January 2025. <b>Results:</b><i>FOXL2</i> mutant ctDNA was detected in 28 of 54 patients (48%). In primary aGCT, recurrences were more frequently seen in patients with detectable ctDNA (33% vs. 18%), and ctDNA remained detectable postoperatively in some cases despite complete cytoreduction. In recurrent aGCT patients, detectable ctDNA was associated with significantly worse overall survival (<i>p</i> = 0.023), and the postoperative presence of ctDNA following complete debulking surgery was significantly associated with a shorter recurrence-free survival (4.7 vs. 11.6 months, <i>p</i> = 0.025). <b>Conclusions:</b><i>FOXL2</i> mutant ctDNA could be a prognostic biomarker in aGCT, being associated with worse overall survival in recurrent aGCT patients. In addition, the presence of ctDNA after surgery could reflect the presence of minimal residual disease, negatively impacting the disease course. The implementation of <i>FOXL2</i> ctDNA measurement in clinical practice may help to identify high-risk aGCT patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Triple Oral Combination of Bendamustine, Acalabrutinib, and Venetoclax Demonstrates Efficacy Against Mantle Cell Lymphoma In Vitro and In Vivo.","authors":"Dimitrios Filioglou, Nina Santa-Cruz, Geovana S F Leite, Dan W Davini, Megan J Cracchiolo, Forrest L Baker, Muhammad Husnain, Richard J Simpson, Vasilios Voudouris, Emmanuel Katsanis","doi":"10.3390/cancers17111889","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17111889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Bendamustine (BEN) combined with rituximab (RTX) remains a standard first-line therapy for transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Meanwhile, novel targeted therapies such as Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) are increasingly used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) MCL. We recently reported that a novel oral formulation of BEN exhibits comparable efficacy to the intravenous counterpart. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of oral BEN administered alone or in combination with the oral BCL-2 inhibitor Venetoclax (VEN) and/or the oral BTKi Acalabrutinib (ACAL), against two human MCL cell lines (Jeko-1 and Z-138) representative of the R/R disease subtype. <b>Methods</b>: We performed in vitro analyses using MTS viability and Annexin V/PI apoptosis assays. For the in vivo studies, all treatments were administered via oral gavage in xenograft mouse models. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by monitoring tumor growth and survival. <b>Results</b>: BEN induced significant cytotoxicity in both cell lines at low, clinically relevant concentrations. In contrast, VEN demonstrated limited efficacy as monotherapy, with Z-138 showing sensitivity only at high doses. However, combining BEN with VEN with or without ACAL, enhanced apoptosis and cytotoxicity, with more pronounced effects in Z-138. In vivo, oral BEN significantly reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival in both xenograft models. In the Z-138 model, the addition of VEN ± ACAL further improved survival outcomes. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings support the efficacy of oral BEN as both a monotherapy and as part of an all-oral treatment regimen for MCL. These results warrant further investigation into the clinical potential of oral BEN, particularly in combination with targeted agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Long-Term Chemotherapy on Outcomes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Real-World UK Multi-Centre Study.","authors":"Umair Mahmood, Joanna Lynch, Simran Kaur Sandhu, Zahir Amin, John Bridgewater, Daniel Hochhauser, Kai-Keen Shiu, Paul Miller, Elizabeth C Smyth, Khurum Khan","doi":"10.3390/cancers17111896","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17111896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> We reviewed outcomes of short and long-term chemotherapy with or without breaks in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. <b>Methods:</b> PDAC patients receiving ≥3 chemotherapy cycles between 2019 and 2024 at three institutions were included. Progression-free survival after first-line chemotherapy (PFS1), overall survival (OS) and best overall response (BOR) to chemotherapy were assessed using the Wilcoxon test, Kaplan-Meier test, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. <b>Results:</b> We screened 237 patients, and 135 patients met the study criteria. Among these patients, 25 had resectable disease, and 110 had unresectable/metastatic disease (13% borderline resectable (BRPC), 20% locally advanced (LAPC), 10% localised developing metastases, 57% de novo metastatic). Ten patients (7%) underwent genetic profiling; <i>KRAS</i> aberrations (N = 4), actionable <i>PLAB2/BRCA2/FGFR2</i> mutations (N = 3), <i>ATM/BRIP1</i> alteration (N = 1). Two patients were managed with PARP inhibitors after receiving multiple lines of chemotherapy. Median PFS1 and OS were concordant with the published literature, but select patient groups achieved prolonged survival outcomes. Among the 36 BRPC/LAPC patients, we observed >1-year PFS1 in 9 (25%) patients and >2-year OS in 3 (8%) patients. Among the 63 de novo metastatic patients, we observed >1-year PFS1 and >2-year OS in 6 (10%) patients. Among patients with localised disease, smoking history was a poor prognostic factor with respect to OS (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Improved PFS1 and OS was associated with ≥6 cycles of first-line chemotherapy, its duration of ≥3.66 months, and local treatment after first chemotherapy (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all). Stereotactic body radiotherapy following first-line chemotherapy was delivered in N = 6 (27%) and N = 1 (7%) of patients with LAPC and BRPC, respectively. Chemotherapy interruption duration, but not number, was associated with PFS1 and OS only in the localised cohort (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In patients with de novo metastatic disease, prevalence of type 2 diabetes was adversely associated with OS (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Improved PFS and OS was associated with ≥6 cycles of first-line chemotherapy, its duration of ≥4.37 months, and BOR to it (only in this cohort) (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all). A favourable OS was associated with >1 line of chemotherapy (<i>p</i> = 0.003). <b>Conclusion:</b> Despite challenges, extended chemotherapy and multiple treatment lines may improve survival, with localised treatments benefiting select patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes Connected to Early Chronic Pancreatitis and Early Pancreatic Cancer in Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS): Clinical Implications.","authors":"Natalia Pawelec, Łukasz Durko, Ewa Małecka-Wojciesko","doi":"10.3390/cancers17111891","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17111891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive condition that is associated with severe complications. Diagnosis of late CP is easy due to characteristic clinical presentation and pathognomonic imaging findings, such as pancreatic calcifications. Early changes, such as lobularity and a dilated main pancreatic duct, are very subtle and challenging to detect with ultrasonography (US) or even computed tomography (CT). Data were accumulating on the usefulness of EUS in the early diagnosis of CP. The sensitivity values for detecting early CP (ECP) by US, MRI, and EUS were 67-69%, 77-78%, and 81-84%, respectively. The specificity values for detecting ECP by US, MRI, and EUS were 90-98%, 83-96%, and 90-100%, respectively. Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is one of the leading cancers worldwide, with increasing morbidity. Due to its poor prognosis and survival, early diagnosis is crucial. For this indication, EUS also shows better outcomes compared to other imaging methods, especially in tumors < 2 cm. The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PDAC with MRI and EUS were 52.3-93%, 77.1-89%, 72-100%, and 90%, respectively. In addition, EUS can detect precancerous conditions that are associated with a higher risk of PDAC. EUS-assisted new techniques, like elastography and contrast enhancement, facilitate the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions and make it even more accurate. Early PDAC changes, such as main pancreatic duct dilatation or irregular margins of pancreatic solid masses, may be detected with EUS. This review describes the efficacy of different imaging techniques in the early detection of CP and PDAC. In addition, we describe the useful interventions made possible by early diagnosis of PDAC and CP.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Models in Predicting Lung Cancer Recurrence: A Gene Biomarker-Driven Review.","authors":"Niloufar Pourakbar, Alireza Motamedi, Mahta Pashapour, Mohammad Emad Sharifi, Seyedemad Seyedgholami Sharabiani, Asra Fazlollahi, Hamid Abdollahi, Arman Rahmim, Sahar Rezaei","doi":"10.3390/cancers17111892","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17111892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Lung cancer recurrence, particularly in NSCLC, remains a major challenge, with 30-70% of patients relapsing post-treatment. Traditional predictors like TNM staging and histopathology fail to account for tumor heterogeneity and immune dynamics. This review evaluates AI models integrating gene biomarkers (TP53, KRAS, FOXP3, PD-L1, and CD8) to enhance the recurrence prediction and improve the personalized risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed AI-driven recurrence prediction models for lung cancer, focusing on genomic biomarkers. Studies were selected based on predefined criteria, emphasizing AI/ML approaches integrating gene expression, radiomics, and clinical data. Data extraction covered the study design, AI algorithms (e.g., neural networks, SVM, and gradient boosting), performance metrics (AUC and sensitivity), and clinical applicability. Two reviewers independently screened and assessed studies to ensure accuracy and minimize bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A literature analysis of 18 studies (2019-2024) from 14 countries, covering 4861 NSCLC and small cell lung cancer patients, showed that AI models outperformed conventional methods. AI achieved AUCs of 0.73-0.92 compared to 0.61 for TNM staging. Multi-modal approaches integrating gene expression (PDIA3 and MYH11), radiomics, and clinical data improved accuracy, with SVM-based models reaching a 92% AUC. Key predictors included immune-related signatures (e.g., tumor-infiltrating NK cells and PD-L1 expression) and pathway alterations (NF-κB and JAK-STAT). However, small cohorts (41-1348 patients), data heterogeneity, and limited external validation remained challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI-driven models hold potential for recurrence prediction and guiding adjuvant therapies in high-risk NSCLC patients. Expanding multi-institutional datasets, standardizing validation, and improving clinical integration are crucial for real-world adoption. Optimizing biomarker panels and using AI trustworthily and ethically could enhance precision oncology, enabling early, tailored interventions to reduce mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma: An Update.","authors":"Giulio Ricotta, Silvio Andrea Russo, Anna Fagotti, Alejandra Martinez, Elodie Gauroy, Mathilde Del, Valentin Thibaud, Bataillon Guillaume, Gwenaël Ferron","doi":"10.3390/cancers17111893","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17111893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare malignant tumor of uterine mesenchyme, accounting for 15-20% of uterine sarcomas. It is classified into low-grade (LG-ESS) and high-grade (HG-ESS) subtypes, each defined by distinct histopathological and molecular features. LG-ESS exhibits slow progression, resembling proliferative-phase endometrial stroma, with genetic alterations like JAZF1-SUZ12 fusions. HG-ESS is more aggressive, characterized by high mitotic activity, necrosis, and genetic markers such as BCOR internal tandem duplication, often leading to advanced-stage diagnosis. Surgical resection is the cornerstone for managing early-stage ESS. A total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) is recommended to prevent recurrence. Fertility-preserving approaches may be considered in LG-ESS but are associated with high recurrence rates. Lymphadenectomy is not routinely performed, given its limited prognostic value. HG-ESS, due to its aggressiveness, often requires additional treatment, including chemotherapy. Adjuvant therapy varies by subtype. LG-ESS responds well to hormonal treatments such as aromatase inhibitors and progestins, while tamoxifen is contraindicated. HG-ESS, lacking hormonal receptor expression, is managed with chemotherapy, often incorporating doxorubicin-based regimens. Radiotherapy may improve local control in select cases but shows limited impact on overall survival. Advanced-stage ESS treatment focuses on complete cytoreduction, supplemented by systemic therapies. Hormonal therapy remains the standard for advanced LG-ESS, whereas HG-ESS relies on chemotherapy. Prognosis depends on the subtype and stage. LG-ESS has favorable outcomes, with five-year survival exceeding 90% in early stages, but recurrent disease remains common. HG-ESS is associated with poorer survival due to its aggressive nature. Advances in molecular profiling offer promising avenues for personalized therapies, integrating genomic insights with targeted treatments to improve outcomes in this rare malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Validity of the Eighth Edition of the U.S. Joint Committee on Cancer TNM Staging System for Pancreatic Adenocarcinomas: An Analysis of 214 Patients at a Spanish Center.","authors":"A M Colino-Gallardo, M J Fernández-Aceñero, M de la Torre-Serrano, J Vega-González, M P Díaz-Suárez, J Martínez-Useros","doi":"10.3390/cancers17111890","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17111890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>: Accurate staging is essential in pancreatic adenocarcinoma due to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. The 8th edition of the AJCC TNM staging system introduced changes in tumor size criteria and nodal classification. This study compares the prognostic performance of the 7th and 8th editions in resected patients. <b>Material and Methods</b>: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 214 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent curative surgery. TNM staging was assigned according to both AJCC editions. Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox regression, stratified by adjuvant therapy, were used to assess disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). <b>Results</b>: The 8th edition TNM staging was significantly associated with lower risk of recurrence, with TNM stages I and II independently predicting better DFS (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In contrast, the 7th edition TNM stage I remained the only independent predictor of OS (HR = 0.376; <i>p</i> = 0.023). Reclassification between editions altered stage distribution, particularly within stage II. <b>Conclusions</b>: The 8th edition improves early recurrence stratification, while the 7th edition retains stronger prognostic value for overall survival. Both systems offer complementary insights, supporting outcome-specific staging use.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Immunomodulatory Role of Galectin-1 in the Tumour Microenvironment and Strategies for Therapeutic Applications.","authors":"Alice Griffiths, Palita Udomjarumanee, Andrei-Stefan Georgescu, Muruj Barri, Dmitry A Zinovkin, Md Zahidul I Pranjol","doi":"10.3390/cancers17111888","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17111888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the morbidity of cancer currently on a perpetual rise, there is a critical need for new treatment options. Current therapeutic options, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are frequently employed; however, the high rate of recurrence underscores the incomplete understanding of tumour growth, progression, and the intricacies of their microenvironments. In this study, we review the roles that galectin-1 (Gal1) plays in suppressing immune surveillance in the tumour microenvironment. Studies have shown that Gal1 changes the immune system parameters: suppressing T cell function, sensitising resting T lymphocytes to Fas/FasL, decreasing cell proliferation, reducing adhesion to extracellular matrix, inhibiting Th1 cytokines, increasing M2 phenotype macrophages, and promoting angiogenesis. Gal1 has garnered increasing attention as a potential therapeutic target due to its involvement in tumour progression and immune evasion. Given the limitations and toxic side effects associated with current treatment options, alternative strategies targeting Gal1 have been explored for their therapeutic potential. Approaches such as OTX008, anti-Gal1 monoclonal antibodies, and Gal1-targeted vaccines have demonstrated the ability to downregulate tumour progression by inhibiting Gal1 activity. These findings highlight the therapeutic promise of Gal1 not only as a novel target for cancer therapy but also as a potential prognostic biomarker, offering opportunities for the development of more effective and less toxic treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}