Cancers最新文献

{"title":"Delay in Diagnosis and Treatment of Bone Sarcoma-Systematic Review.","authors":"Dawid Ciechanowicz, Daniel Kotrych, Krzysztof Starszak, Piotr Prowans, Sławomir Zacha, Adam Kamiński, Adam Brodecki, Katarzyna Kotrych","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060981","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Delay in the diagnosis and treatment of rare types of cancers such as bone sarcoma still remains an important problem [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial Outcomes of a Novel Technique of Nipple Sparing Mastectomy Without Reconstruction.","authors":"Geok Hoon Lim, Nathalie Liew, John Carson Allen","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060984","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Nipple sparing mastectomy is oncologically safe and has a good cosmetic outcome. However, nipple sparing mastectomy was conventionally performed with reconstruction. Minimal scar mastectomy (MSM) is a novel technique which could allow women, with non-ptotic breasts, who do not want reconstruction, to conserve their nipple areolar complex (NAC) and avoid the transverse scar associated with modified radical mastectomy. This is the first study on the outcomes of MSM. <b>Methods</b>: MSM complications and their risk factors, recurrence rates and cosmetic outcomes were assessed. As MSM is a modification of the round block technique, the mean ring distance (MRD), which is the average of the distance between the inner and outer ring circumferentially, was assessed, too. <b>Results:</b> A total of 28 patients (29 breasts) were analysed. There was no recurrence after a mean/median follow-up of 40.3/41 months (4-80 months). In the initial recruitment of 17 patients (18 breasts), NAC necrosis occurred in eight cases (three complete, five partial). Prediabetes (<i>p</i> = 0.0128) and MRD ≥1.5 cm (<i>p</i> = 0.0440) were statistically significant for NAC necrosis. Of the available data, 11/15 (73.3%) rated the cosmetic outcome as excellent/good, with poorer cosmetic outcome correlated with NAC necrosis (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Avoiding the above risk factors in the next 11 patients, NAC necrosis decreased to 1/11 (9.0%) with mild ischaemia. Cosmetic outcome was rated as excellent/good in 90.9%. <b>Conclusions:</b> MSM is oncologically safe and is best performed in patients with no risk factors for NAC necrosis, including prediabetes and MRD < 1.5 cm. These pilot results will refine the selection criteria of patients for MSM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurofilaments as Prognostic Biomarkers in the Assessment of the Risk of Advanced Taxane-Induced Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Patients-A Pilot Study.","authors":"Agata Makówka, Malgorzata Fuksiewicz, Anna Bałata, Anna Borowiec, Katarzyna Pogoda, Zbigniew Nowecki, Agnieszka Jagiello-Gruszfeld, Beata Janas, Beata Kotowicz","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060988","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical value of measuring the concentration of neurofilament light chains (NF-Ls) in the diagnosis of taxane-induced neuropathy (CIPN) during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included a total of 94 patients who qualified for NAC with taxanes. Serum samples were collected before starting NAC, after three and six cycles, and 3-6 months after NAC. The NF-L concentration was determined using the Ella technology. The assessment of CIPN was based on the clinical symptoms included in the EORTC QLQ-CIPN20 scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median NF-L concentrations increased during NAT monitoring. After the end of therapy, a significant decrease in NF-L concentrations was observed (<i>p</i> = 0.001, R = 0.37). We established a cut-off point of 29.5 pg/mL to distinguish between the control group and patients with early symptoms of neuropathy (CIPN G1) (<i>p</i> = 0.001; AUC = 0.982). We showed that NF-L concentrations, regardless of the stage of therapy, increased with the severity of neuropathy symptoms (CIPG1 vs. G2 vs. G3) (<i>p</i> = 0.0189, R = 0.33). According to the established cut-off points, serum NF-L concentrations above 196 pg/mL in patients undergoing therapy likely indicate the presence of low-grade neuropathy (<i>p</i> = 0.0076), while values above 218 pg/mL may indicate advanced CIPN (<i>p</i> = 0.0008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, we demonstrated the usefulness of NF-L levels to confirm neuropathy early in the course of treatment, which is important as the questionnaire-based assessment of neuropathy currently used in practice remains subjective. Ultimately, serum NF-L levels are helpful in determining the severity of NAC-induced neuropathy among breast cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic and Socio-Economic Variations in Comorbidity and Mortality in Cancer Survivors: A UK Population-Based Observational Study.","authors":"Tahania Ahmad, Abu Z M Dayem Ullah, Claude Chelala, Stephanie J C Taylor","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060983","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The population of cancer survivors is increasing rapidly in the UK. Little is known about the variation in comorbidity and mortality by ethnicity and socio-economic condition in this population. This study explores these variations using primary care data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and linked secondary care data. The prevalence of multimorbidity and risk of mortality were calculated for Asian, Black, and Other ethnic and socio-economic groups in England, consisting of 333,226 cancer survivors across 28 cancer types. Odds ratios and hazard ratios were calculated using the White and most affluent groups as references and adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and smoking status. Stratified mortality analysis was conducted for survivors of the six common cancers in the UK: breast, prostate, colorectal, bladder, cervical, and lung. Compared to White cancer survivors, survivors of all other ethnic groups had a statistically significant higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (Asian adjusted odds ratio (OR) 4.61 (4.02-5.28), Black OR 1.87 (1.52-2.30), and Other OR 2.06 (1.64-2.59)). However, they had lower prevalences of depression and anxiety. Asian survivors exhibited the highest overall prevalence of comorbidity. Black survivors had the worst survival (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.48 (1.38-1.59)) for all cancers combined, as well as for breast, prostate, colorectal, and cervical cancers. Black breast cancer survivors face a particularly high mortality risk (HR 1.78 (1.52-2.10)) compared to Whites. Asian survivors had higher mortality for all cancers combined (HR 1.31 (1.23-1.39)) and specifically for lung cancer (HR 1.81 (1.44-2.28)). The Other ethnic group had a significantly increased risk of mortality in cervical cancer (HR 1.90 (1.19-3.03)). The risk of mortality increased with worse socio-economic conditions, regardless of ethnic group. Cancer survivors of non-White ethnicity and poorer socio-economic background in the UK have worse outcomes in terms of increased prevalence of multimorbidity and mortality compared to White survivors. These findings indicate the need to comprehend the underlying reasons for these disparities and to assess the implications for cancer services, patient experience, and overall outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Mechanisms of Action of Eribulin in Patients with Advanced Liposarcoma Through the Evaluation of Radiological, Functional, and Tissue Responses: A Prospective Monocentric Study (Malibu Study).","authors":"Maria Susanna Grimaudo, Federico D'Orazio, Salvatore Lorenzo Renne, Maurizio D'Incalci, Robert G Maki, Piergiuseppe Colombo, Luca Balzarini, Alice Laffi, Armando Santoro, Alexia Francesca Bertuzzi","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060976","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Liposarcoma (LPS) is one of the most frequent histotypes of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Eribulin is a cytotoxic agent that has improved overall survival in patients with advanced LPS. Additionally, preclinical and clinical evidence suggests its influence on vascularization and cellular differentiation. Based on these data, we developed this study to investigate non-mitotic effects of eribulin in patients with advanced LPS. <b>Methods:</b> In this prospective monocentric observational study, we included patients with advanced LPS eligible to receive eribulin. An assessment with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and a biopsy were planned before treatment and after four cycles of eribulin. DCE-MRI scans were elaborated to obtain perfusion and permeability maps. <b>Results:</b> From September 2019 to January 2024, 11 patients were enrolled. Among them, 8/11 (73%) had successful pre- and post-treatment assessment. At the time of the analysis, 8/11 (73%) patients had disease progression and 4 (36%) had died, median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 3.3 months, and median overall survival (mOS) was 8.7 months. Among the evaluable patients, DCE-MRI perfusion decreased after eribulin treatment in patients with disease control (partial response or stable disease), while perfusion values increased in patients with progressive disease (PD). No significant change in permeability was found. Post-treatment histological changes were seen nearly in all patients, with decreased cellularity the most common change (50%), followed by vascularization modifications (20%). <b>Conclusions:</b> Eribulin appears to exhibit non-mitotic activity involving both vascularization and cell differentiation in LPS patients. Further studies are needed to better define these effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assigning Transcriptomic Subtypes to Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Samples Using Nanopore RNA-Sequencing and Self-Organizing Maps.","authors":"Arsen Arakelyan, Tamara Sirunyan, Gisane Khachatryan, Siras Hakobyan, Arpine Minasyan, Maria Nikoghosyan, Meline Hakobyan, Andranik Chavushyan, Gevorg Martirosyan, Yervand Hakobyan, Hans Binder","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060964","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060964","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background/Objectives:&lt;/b&gt; Massively parallel sequencing technologies have advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) diagnostics and precision oncology. Illumina platforms, while offering robust performance, require substantial infrastructure investment and a large number of samples for cost-efficiency. Conversely, third-generation long-read nanopore sequencing from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) can significantly reduce sequencing costs, making it a valuable tool in resource-limited settings. However, nanopore sequencing faces challenges with lower accuracy and throughput than Illumina platforms, necessitating additional computational strategies. In this paper, we demonstrate that integrating publicly available short-read data with in-house generated ONT data, along with the application of machine learning approaches, enables the characterization of the CLL transcriptome landscape, the identification of clinically relevant molecular subtypes, and the assignment of these subtypes to nanopore-sequenced samples. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Public Illumina RNA sequencing data for 608 CLL samples were obtained from the CLL-Map Portal. CLL transcriptome analysis, gene module identification, and transcriptomic subtype classification were performed using the oposSOM R package for high-dimensional data visualization with self-organizing maps. Eight CLL patients were recruited from the Hematology Center After Prof. R. Yeolyan (Yerevan, Armenia). Sequencing libraries were prepared from blood total RNA using the PCR-cDNA sequencing-barcoding kit (SQK-PCB109) following the manufacturer's protocol and sequenced on an R9.4.1 flow cell for 24-48 h. Raw reads were converted to TPM values. These data were projected into the SOMs space using the supervised SOMs portrayal (supSOM) approach to predict the SOMs portrait of new samples using support vector machine regression. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The CLL transcriptomic landscape reveals disruptions in gene modules (spots) associated with T cell cytotoxicity, B and T cell activation, inflammation, cell cycle, DNA repair, proliferation, and splicing. A specific gene module contained genes associated with poor prognosis in CLL. Accordingly, CLL samples were classified into T-cell cytotoxic, immune, proliferative, splicing, and three mixed types: proliferative-immune, proliferative-splicing, and proliferative-immune-splicing. These transcriptomic subtypes were associated with survival orthogonal to gender and mutation status. Using supervised machine learning approaches, transcriptomic subtypes were assigned to patient samples sequenced with nanopore sequencing. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; This study demonstrates that the CLL transcriptome landscape can be parsed into functional modules, revealing distinct molecular subtypes based on proliferative and immune activity, with important implications for prognosis and treatment that are orthogonal to other molecular classifications. Additionally, the integration of nanopore sequencing w","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Sorafenib (SORA-2) as Second-Line Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A European Retrospective Multicenter Study.","authors":"Christian Möhring, Moritz Berger, Farsaneh Sadeghlar, Xin Zhou, Taotao Zhou, Malte Benedikt Monin, Kateryna Shmanko, Sabrina Welland, Friedrich Sinner, Birgit Schwacha-Eipper, Ulrike Bauer, Christoph Roderburg, Angelo Pirozzi, Najib Ben Khaled, Peter Schrammen, Lorenz Balcar, Matthias Pinter, Thomas J Ettrich, Anna Saborowski, Marie-Luise Berres, Enrico N De Toni, Tom Lüdde, Lorenza Rimassa, Ursula Ehmer, Marino Venerito, Iuliana-Pompilia Radu, Ingo G H Schmidt-Wolf, Arndt Weinmann, Arndt Vogel, Matthias Schmid, Jörg C Kalff, Christian P Strassburg, Maria A Gonzalez-Carmona","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060972","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Systemic treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has rapidly advanced, with immune checkpoint inhibitors now the preferred first-line option. However, with multiple agents available and no established treatment sequence, selecting the most suitable second-line (2L) therapy remains challenging. While sorafenib is frequently chosen for 2L treatment, comprehensive data supporting its use is limited. This study evaluates the effectiveness of sorafenib as 2L therapy and factors influencing outcomes following first-line treatment failure in advanced HCC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective, multicenter study, including 81 patients with unresectable HCC from 12 European centers who received sorafenib as 2L treatment. Median overall survival (mOS), median progression-free survival (mPFS), radiological response to treatment, and toxicity were evaluated. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify potential predictors of clinical benefit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this cohort, some patients were treated with 2L sorafenib mOS for 7.4 months (95% CI: 6.6-13.6) and other patients were treated with mPFS for 3.7 months (95% CI: 3.0-4.8). Multivariable analysis revealed the best median OS for patients with CP A and AFP levels < 400 ng/mL (15.5 months). Adverse events (AE) of grade ≥ 3 were reported in 59.4% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this real-world cohort of European patients with unresectable HCC, the outcome of sorafenib treatment in the 2L setting was comparable to that of the other established 2L treatment options in patients with preserved liver function and good performance status. This study contributes to the understanding of the role of sorafenib in the 2L setting and underscores the need for further research to identify predictive factors for response and survival in order to optimize treatment algorithms for advanced HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resection vs. Ligation vs. Preservation of the Thoracic Duct During Esophagectomy for Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"David J Nijssen, Dillen C van der Aa, Mahsoem Ali, Geert Kazemier, Faridi S Jamaludin, Wietse J Eshuis, Mark I van Berge Henegouwen, Suzanne S Gisbertz","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060967","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The effect of thoracic duct (TD) management-resection, ligation, or preservation-during esophagectomy for cancer remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of TD management strategies on oncological outcomes and surgical morbidity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed following PRISMA reporting guidelines. Searches of OVID, Embase, and Web of Science identified studies comparing thoracic duct resection or TD ligation with TD preservation in esophagectomy for cancer. Outcomes included 5-year overall survival (OS), postoperative morbidity, postoperative chyle leakage, lymph node yield, and length of stay. Random-effects meta-analyses using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman variance correction were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 17 studies involving 4200 patients were included. TD resection was associated with a significantly higher lymph node yield (mean difference [MD]: 4, 95% CI: 0 to 8, <i>p</i> = 0.043), but also increased risk of chyle leakage (odds ratio [OR]: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.04-5.61, <i>p</i> = 0.044). There was no significant improvement in 5-year OS with TD resection compared to TD preservation (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.76-1.17, <i>p</i> = 0.48). TD ligation showed no significant differences in 5-year OS (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.81-1.63, <i>p</i> = 0.33) or morbidity compared to TD preservation. Certainty of evidence was low across outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TD resection increases lymph node yield but is associated with higher rates of chyle leakage, without a significantly improved overall survival. TD ligation does not significantly affect oncological or surgical outcomes compared to TD preservation. A higher grade of evidence is needed to determine the definitive oncological and surgical impact of TD management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transperineal Focal Laser Ablation of the Prostate for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature.","authors":"Paolo Polverino, Mattia Lo Re, Luisa Moscardi, Giulio Raffaele Resta, Corso Caneschi, Francesca Conte, Beatrice Giustozzi, Anna Rivetti, Alessio Pecoraro, Vincenzo Li Marzi, Riccardo Campi, Sergio Serni, Francesco Sessa","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060968","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: The aim of this work was to review the available evidence on transperineal focal laser ablation (FLA) for patients with localized PCa, focusing on both functional and oncological outcomes. <b>Methods</b>: A comprehensive review of the English-language literature was performed using the MEDLINE (via PubMed) and Web of Science (WOS) databases until 30 December 2024, using a combination of free text and MeSH subject headings. The review process was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. <b>Results</b>: The literature search found 156 papers, and among these, 10 papers were finally accepted and included. A risk of bias assessment was conducted, revealing low-quality evidence and high heterogeneity among the available data. Low- to high-risk cancers were treated across the studies. A drop in PSA values was observed in all studies after FLA, but no definition of biochemical disease-free survival was established. The postfocal presence of cancer rate ranged from 4% to 57%, while clinically significant cancer was detected in 0 up to 31% of cases. Secondary treatments were necessary for 7 to 30%. The overall complication rate ranged from 0% to 66%, most being mild and transient. Functional outcomes appeared to be preserved both in the short- and long-term follow-ups. Quantitative analyses were not performed due to the low number and heterogeneity of the studies included. <b>Conclusions</b>: Transperineal FLA for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer appears to be a feasible, safe technique with an efficacy comparable to other focal therapy modalities. However, the low quality of the evidence available highlights the need for comparative, randomized long-term follow-up studies versus standard of care and other focal therapy options in order to standardize patient selection, treatment protocols, and follow-up strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning Models Based on Pretreatment MRI and Clinicopathological Data to Predict Responses to Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Zhan Xu, Zijian Zhou, Jong Bum Son, Haonan Feng, Beatriz E Adrada, Tanya W Moseley, Rosalind P Candelaria, Mary S Guirguis, Miral M Patel, Gary J Whitman, Jessica W T Leung, Huong T C Le-Petross, Rania M Mohamed, Bikash Panthi, Deanna L Lane, Huiqin Chen, Peng Wei, Debu Tripathy, Jennifer K Litton, Vicente Valero, Lei Huo, Kelly K Hunt, Anil Korkut, Alastair Thompson, Wei Yang, Clinton Yam, Gaiane M Rauch, Jingfei Ma","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060966","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop deep learning models for predicting the pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) based on pretreatment multiparametric breast MRI and clinicopathological data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The prospective institutional review board-approved study [NCT02276443] included 282 patients with stage I-III TNBC who had multiparametric breast MRI at baseline and underwent NAST and surgery during 2016-2021. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and clinicopathological data were used for the model development and internal testing. Data from the I-SPY 2 trial (2010-2016) were used for external testing. Four variables with a potential impact on model performance were systematically investigated: 3D model frameworks, tumor volume preprocessing, tumor ROI selection, and data inputs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-eight models with different variable combinations were investigated. The best-performing model in the internal testing dataset used DCE, DWI, and clinicopathological data with the originally contoured tumor volume, the tight bounding box of the tumor mask, and ResNeXt50, and achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.60-0.88). The best-performing models in the external testing dataset achieved an AUC of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.57-0.84) using only DCE images (originally contoured tumor volume, enlarged bounding box of tumor mask, and ResNeXt50) and an AUC of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.56-0.86) using only DWI images (originally contoured tumor volume, enlarged bounding box of tumor mask, and ResNet18).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed 3D deep learning models based on pretreatment data that could predict pCR to NAST in TNBC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}