Cancers最新文献

{"title":"Sequential Treatment with Regorafenib and Trifluridine/Tipiracil ± Bevacizumab in Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in Community Clinical Practice in the USA.","authors":"Daniel H Ahn, Tanios S Bekaii-Saab, Chengbo Yuan, Milena Kurtinecz, Xiaoyun Pan, Zdravko Vassilev, Federica Pisa, Helene Ostojic","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060969","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Regorafenib (R) and Trifluridine/Tipiracil ± bevacizumab (T) are approved for treating refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) but their optimal sequence is unclear. This study describes the characteristics/clinical outcomes of patients with mCRC in U.S. clinical practice treated sequentially with R-T or T-R. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective cohort study of 818 patients treated with R-T or T-R between January 2015 and November 2022 was conducted using an electronic health record-derived database. The primary objective was to describe the demographic/clinical characteristics and biomarker status of patients treated with R-T or T-R, stratified by treatment line/age. Secondary objectives were to evaluate/estimate the frequency of neutropenia and myelosuppression-related treatments, the number/type of subsequent therapies, time to treatment discontinuation (TTD), and overall survival (OS). <b>Results</b>: Baseline characteristics were similar among patients who received R-T (n = 393) or T-R (n = 425). Lower rates of moderate/severe neutropenia (26%/12% vs. 32%/16%) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/erythropoietin use (22% vs. 24%) were observed with R-T versus T-R. The median TTD was 8.7 months and 8.5 months with R-T versus 8.1 months and 7.9 months with T-R as third- and fourth-line treatment, respectively. The median OS was 13.1 months and 11.6 months with R-T versus 11.5 months and 10.3 months with T-R as third- and fourth-line treatment, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study did not show a statistically significant difference in OS with R-T versus T-R. Although limited by its retrospective nature, the study suggested R-T may be preferable to T-R given the observed reduction in neutropenia/myelosuppression-related treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimally Invasive Salvage Approaches for Management of Recurrence After Primary Renal Mass Ablation.","authors":"Mohammadreza Askarpour, Alireza Aminsharifi","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060974","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: Thermal ablation has emerged as an effective, nephron-sparing treatment for small renal masses (SRMs), particularly in patients with comorbidities. However, tumor recurrence remains a challenge, necessitating evidence-based approaches for salvage management. This review examines the outcomes of minimally invasive modalities for managing recurrence following the primary ablation of SRMs. <b>Methods</b>: A literature review was conducted using the Medline database, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies published between 1981 and 2024 were screened based on predefined PICO criteria. Inclusion focused on patients with tumor recurrence after primary ablation therapy who underwent minimally invasive salvage treatments including repeat ablation, laparoscopic/robotic partial or radical nephrectomy, or active surveillance. Data extracted included patient demographics, initial treatments, recurrence timelines, salvage modalities, and outcomes. <b>Results</b>: Of 364 patients across 29 studies, 249 (68.4%) underwent re-ablation, 82 (22.5%) were treated with laparoscopic/robotic partial or radical nephrectomy, and 33 (9%) were managed with active surveillance. Among 249 patients with re-ablation, 179 (71.9%) showed no evidence of disease, 67 (26.9%) experienced recurrence, and outcomes were indeterminate in 3 (1.2%). Salvage minimally invasive partial or radical nephrectomy outcomes were available for 64 cases, with 63 (98.4%) showing no recurrence. In 33 patients under active surveillance, 4 died, 4 underwent surgery, and 25 remained under monitoring, though follow-up data were limited. <b>Conclusion</b>: Minimally invasive salvage modalities, such as re-ablation and laparoscopic/robotic partial or radical nephrectomy, effectively manage tumor recurrence, achieving >70% and >98% oncological success, respectively, despite technical challenges. Future studies directly comparing these modalities are essential for establishing standardized protocols for salvage management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Treatment <i>SEPTIN9</i> Gene Methylation Ratio Predicts Tumor Response to Total Neoadjuvant Therapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.","authors":"Víctor Domínguez-Prieto, Miguel León-Arellano, Rocío Olivera-Salazar, Luz Vega-Clemente, Cristina Caramés, Eva Ruiz-Hispán, Raquel Fuentes-Mateos, Diana Rosero-Rodríguez, Héctor Guadalajara, Mariano García-Arranz, Damián García-Olmo","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060965","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and objective:</b> Multiple markers have been proposed, but there are no reliable pre-treatment markers that predict tumor response to total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. The objective of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of pre-treatment <i>SEPTIN9</i> gene methylation ratio as a predictor of tumor response to total neoadjuvant therapy and its correlation with tumor size and tumor stage in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. <b>Methods:</b> Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3/4 and/or N+ histologically confirmed rectal cancer) undergoing total neoadjuvant therapy were included. Tumor size and tumor stage were determined by magnetic resonance. <i>SEPTIN9</i> gene methylation in plasmatic cfDNA was analyzed by droplet digital PCR at the time of diagnosis. After completing total neoadjuvant therapy, tumor response was assessed by magnetic resonance and proctoscopy. The correlation between pre-treatment <i>SEPTIN9</i> gene methylation ratio, tumor size, tumor stage and tumor response was analyzed. <b>Results:</b> 39 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were included. Pre-treatment SEPTIN9 gene methylation ratio (<i>p</i> = 0.033) and tumor size (<i>p</i> = 0.026), but not tumor stage, significantly correlated with tumor response to total neoadjuvant therapy. Pre-treatment SEPTIN9 gene methylation ratio also correlated with N stage (<i>p</i> = 0.040) and tumor size (<i>p</i> = 0.001), but not with T stage (<i>p</i> = 0.846). <b>Conclusions:</b> Pre-treatment SEPTIN9 gene methylation ratio correlates with tumor size and N stage and can predict tumor response to total neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid Biopsy in HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Federica Maria Parisi, Mario Lentini, Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba, Miguel Mayo-Yanez, Jerome R Leichen, Matthew White, Giovanni Giurdanella, Salvatore Cocuzza, Maria Rita Bianco, Nicolas Fakhry, Antonino Maniaci","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060977","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer globally, with HPV-positive cases emerging as a distinct subtype with unique clinical and molecular characteristics. Current diagnostic methods, including tissue biopsy and imaging, face limitations in terms of invasiveness, static disease assessment, and difficulty in distinguishing recurrence from treatment-related changes. This review aimed to assess the potential of liquid biopsy as a minimally invasive tool for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and surveillance of HPV-associated HNSCC. <b>Methods:</b> This systematic review analyzed literature from PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science, focusing on original research and reviews related to liquid biopsy applications in HPV-positive HNSCC. Included studies were evaluated based on the robustness of the study design, clinical relevance, and analytical performance of liquid biopsy technologies. Biomarker types, detection methods, and implementation strategies were assessed to identify advancements and challenges in this field. <b>Results:</b> Liquid biopsy technologies, including circulating HPV DNA, ctDNA, and extracellular vesicles, demonstrated high sensitivity (90-95%) and specificity (>98%) in detecting HPV-positive HNSCC. These methods enabled real-time monitoring of tumor dynamics, early detection of recurrence, and insights into treatment resistance. Longitudinal analysis revealed that biomarker clearance during treatment correlates strongly with patient outcomes. <b>Conclusions:</b> Liquid biopsy is a transformative diagnostic and monitoring tool for HPV-associated HNSCC, offering minimally invasive, real-time insights into tumor biology. While challenges remain in standardization and clinical implementation, ongoing research and technological innovations hold promise for integrating liquid biopsy into personalized cancer care, ultimately improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Chemotherapy in Patients with Synchronous Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Nationwide Study.","authors":"Hanna Sternby, Farima Brandt, Srinivas Sanjeevi, Jon Unosson, Souheil Reda, Carolina Muszynska, Jozef Urdzik, Petter Frühling","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060970","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>There is still no consensus as to whether patients with upfront resectable synchronous colorectal liver metastases (sCRLM) should receive neoadjuvant treatment prior to liver surgery. Two randomized controlled trials have assessed the role of peri-operative chemotherapy in sCRLM; neither have shown a survival benefit in the neoadjuvant group. The aim of this population-based study was to examine overall survival in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and hepatectomy compared to patients who had upfront surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective observational study between 2009 and 2017 containing data extracted from two Swedish national registries. Descriptive statistics and Cox regression analyses were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 2072 patients with sCRLM were treated with liver surgery between 2009 and 2017. A majority (n = 1238, 60%) were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and 834 patients (40%) had upfront surgery. Patients in the upfront surgery group were older (median age 70 compared to 65 years, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Median overall survival in the upfront surgery group was 26 months (95% CI 23-29 months) compared to 57 months (95% CI 42-48 months) in the neoadjuvant group, log rank <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001. In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, age ≥ 70 years (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.25-1.70), T category of primary cancer (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.09-1.84), lymphatic spread of primary cancer (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.41-1.99), and number of liver metastases (six or more metastases resulted in HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.38-3.01) negatively influenced overall survival. By contrast, adjuvant therapy was protective (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0-69-0.94), whereas neoadjuvant treatment compared to upfront surgery did not influence overall survival (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.86-1.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neoadjuvant treatment in sCRLM did not confer a survival benefit compared to upfront surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening in Gastrointestinal Malignancies-Recent Trials and Advancements.","authors":"Natalia Czerw, Andrzej Deptała, Anna Badowska-Kozakiewicz, Aleksandra Czerw, Olga Partyka, Monika Pajewska, Katarzyna Sygit, Magdalena Michalska, Izabela Gąska, Grażyna Dykowska, Zofia Sienkiewicz, Elżbieta Grochans, Szymon Grochans, Anna Cybulska, Daria Schneider-Matyka, Ewa Bandurska, Weronika Ciećko, Jaroslaw Drobnik, Piotr Pobrotyn, Joanna Furtak-Pobrotyn, Dagmara Pokorna-Kałwak, Urszula Grata-Borkowska, Michal Marczak, Petre Iltchev, Remigiusz Kozlowski","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060975","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal cancers, especially colorectal cancer, represent a major health care issue. According to the data, the incidence of these cancers exceeds 50/100,000, mainly in high-income countries. Risk factors for the disease include genetic factors (i.e., Lynch syndrome) and lifestyle factors, e.g., overweight and obesity, smoking tobacco products, low-fiber diet, and low physical activity. When diagnosed early, gastrointestinal cancers can, in most cases, be effectively treated. This review focuses on the presentation of research in the area of screening and its results. It provides insights into current trends in research on methods of early cancer detection and improving screening reporting. Differing levels of screening reporting are one of the main challenges faced by researchers in this field. Research on this issue should be conducted in parallel with research on methods of early diagnosis. Finally, the development of diagnostic methods and communication with patients are important elements of public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Park et al. Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Chemotherapy in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Korea. <i>Cancers</i> 2024, <i>16</i>, 3173.","authors":"Chan Su Park, Byung Kyu Park, Joung-Ho Han, Kyong Joo Lee, Kang Ju Son","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060963","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the original publication [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in Assessing Pathological Fracture Risk: News on Mirels' Score.","authors":"Cesare Meschini, Alessandro El Motassime, Omar El Ezzo, Antonio Ziranu, Giulio Maccauro, Raffaele Vitiello","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060973","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Mirels' score is a widely utilized tool for assessing the risk of pathological fractures in patients with metastatic bone disease. This scoring system assists clinicians in estimating fracture likelihood based on clinical, radiological, and anatomical parameters, thereby guiding treatment decisions and management strategies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the Mirels' score, detailing its development, clinical applications, and its role in predicting fractures across various metastatic cancers. Additionally, it discusses the score's limitations, including its potential to over- or underestimate fracture risk, and explores recent advancements in imaging and biomarker technologies that may enhance or complement its predictive accuracy. By critically examining the existing literature, this review aims to offer a thorough understanding of the Mirels' score's strengths and weaknesses, while considering its future role in personalized cancer care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Park et al. Defining and Addressing Research Priorities in Cancer Cachexia through Transdisciplinary Collaboration. <i>Cancers</i> 2024, <i>16</i>, 2364.","authors":"Margaret A Park, Christopher J Whelan, Sabeen Ahmed, Tabitha Boeringer, Joel Brown, Tiffany L Carson, Sylvia L Crowder, Kenneth Gage, Christopher Gregg, Daniel K Jeong, Heather S L Jim, Andrew R Judge, Tina M Mason, Nathan Parker, Smitha Pillai, Aliya Qayyum, Sahana Rajasekhara, Ghulam Rasool, Sara M Tinsley, Matthew B Schabath, Paul Stewart, Jeffrey West, Patricia McDonald, Jennifer B Permuth","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060971","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dr [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver Extracellular Matrix in Colorectal Liver Metastasis.","authors":"Marika Morabito, Pauline Thibodot, Anthony Gigandet, Philippe Compagnon, Christian Toso, Ekaterine Berishvili, Stéphanie Lacotte, Andrea Peloso","doi":"10.3390/cancers17060953","DOIUrl":"10.3390/cancers17060953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The liver is the most common site of metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC), and colorectal liver metastasis is one of the major causes of CRC-related deaths worldwide. The tumor microenvironment, particularly the extracellular matrix (ECM), plays a critical role in CRC metastasis and chemoresistance. Based on findings from clinical and basic research, this review attempts to offer a complete understanding of the role of the ECM in colorectal liver metastasis and to suggest potential ways for therapeutic intervention. First, the ECMs' role in regulating cancer cell fate is explored. We then discuss the hepatic ECM fingerprint and its influence on the metastatic behavior of CRC cells, highlighting key molecular interactions that promote metastasis. In addition, we examine how changes in the ECM within the metastatic niche contribute to chemoresistance, focusing on ECM remodeling by ECM stiffening and the activation of specific signaling pathways. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of novel strategies to overcome metastasis and improve outcomes for CRC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9681,"journal":{"name":"Cancers","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}