CARTILAGE最新文献

{"title":"Low-Grade Inflammatory Mediators and Metalloproteinases Yield Synchronous and Delayed Responses to Mechanical Joint Loading.","authors":"Conner W Hutcherson, Michelle Mao, Bhaskar Thakur, Yasin Y Dhaher","doi":"10.1177/19476035231193089","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035231193089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mechanical loading is an essential factor for the maintenance of joint inflammatory homeostasis and the sensitive catabolic-anabolic signaling cascade involved in maintaining cartilage tissue health. However, abnormal mechanical loading of the joint structural tissues can propagate joint metabolic dysfunction in the form of low-grade inflammation. To date, few studies have attempted to delineate the early cascade responsible for the initiation and perpetuation of stress-mediated inflammation and cartilage breakdown in human joints.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Fifteen healthy human male participants performed a walking paradigm on a cross-tilting treadmill platform. Blood samples were collected before exercise, after 30 minutes of flat walking, after 30 minutes of tilted walking, and after an hour of rest. Serum concentrations of the following biomarkers were measured: interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-α, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13, transforming growth factor beta (TGF)-β, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP)-1, and cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Luminex Multiplex analysis of serum showed increased concentrations of COMP, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, and TGF-β from samples collected after flat and cross-tilted treadmill walking compared to baseline. Serum concentrations of MMP-1 and MMP-13 also increased, but primarily in samples collected after tilted walking. Pearson's correlation analysis showed positive correlations between the expression of COMP, TNF-α, IL-10, and MMP-13 at each study timepoint.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stress-mediated increases in serum COMP during exercise are associated with acute changes in pro and anti-inflammatory molecular activity and subsequent changes in molecules linked to joint tissue remodeling and repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"417-427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10415530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Statistical Fragility of Marrow Stimulation for Cartilage Defects of the Knee: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Avanish Yendluri, Ara Alexanian, Rohit R Chari, John J Corvi, Nikan K Namiri, Junho Song, Michael J Alaia, Xinning Li, Robert L Parisien","doi":"10.1177/19476035241233441","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035241233441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Marrow stimulation is used to address knee cartilage defects. In this study, we used the fragility index (FI), reverse fragility index (rFI), and fragility quotient (FQ) to evaluate statistical fragility of outcomes reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating marrow stimulation.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE were queried for recent RCTs (January 1, 2010-September 5, 2023) assessing marrow stimulation for cartilage defects of the knee. The FI and rFI were calculated as the number of outcome event reversals required to alter statistical significance for significant and nonsignificant outcomes, respectively. The FQ was determined by dividing the FI by the study sample size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across 155 total outcomes from 21 RCTs, the median FI was 3 (interquartile range [IQR], 2-5), with an associated median FQ of 0.067 (IQR, 0.033-0.010). Thirty-two outcomes were statistically significant, with a median FI of 2 (IQR, 1-3.25) and FQ of 0.050 (IQR, 0.025-0.069). Ten of the 32 (31.3%) outcomes reported as statistically significant had an FI of 1. In total, 123 outcomes were nonsignificant, with a median rFI of 3 (IQR, 2-5). Studies assessing stem cell augments were the most fragile, with a median FI of 2. In 55.5% of outcomes, the number of patients lost to follow-up was greater than or equal to the FI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Statistical findings in RCTs evaluating marrow stimulation for cartilage defects of the knee are statistically fragile. We recommend combined reporting of <i>P</i>-values with FI and FQ metrics to aid in the interpretation of clinical findings in comparative trials assessing cartilage restoration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"389-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139971086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Vitro</i> Evaluation of Lateral Femur Condyle Free Chondral Fragment Swelling after Soaking in Normal Saline.","authors":"Carver Montgomery, Wayne Scalisi, James Robinson, William Sherman, Giovanni F Solitro, Patrick Massey","doi":"10.1177/19476035231206258","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035231206258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>After traumatic knee injuries, chondral fragments can avulse off bone with the progeny fragment becoming a loose body. The loose fragment may be larger than expected when trying to surgically repair the fragment back to its original site. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a loose chondral fragment from the lateral femur condyle would increase in size and weight after soaking in normal saline (NS) for 14 days.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Twelve 6-mm OAT (osteoarticular transfer) plugs were harvested from 6 cadaver knees on the lateral femoral condyle to simulate a chondral fragment. The chondral fragments were then placed inside an airtight specimen container with NS (0.9% sodium chloride) and were measured over 14 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 14 days, the chondral fragments showed no increase in diameter as they measured an average of 5.567 ± 0.448 mm on Day 1 and 5.702 ± 0.253 mm on Day 14 (<i>P</i> = 0.183). The chondral fragments showed an increase in mass from an average of 0.058 ± 0.012 g on Day 1 to 0.073 ± 0.012 g on Day 14 (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and an increase in thickness from an average of 2.038 ± 0.346 mm on Day 1 to 2.229 ± 0.297 mm on Day 14 (<i>P</i> = 0.033).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chondral fragments in NS increase in mass and thickness over time, but do not change in diameter. When surgeons are evaluating loose chondral fragments for fixation, they should consider that these fragments may appear thicker than the recipient location.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"471-476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41232603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased Elastic Modulus of Knee Articular Cartilage Based on New Macroscopic Methods Accurately Represents Early Histological Findings of Degeneration.","authors":"Takahiro Maeda, Shinichi Kuriyama, Shigeo Yoshida, Kohei Nishitani, Shinichiro Nakamura, Shuichi Matsuda","doi":"10.1177/19476035231194770","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035231194770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ex vivo nanoindentation measurement has reported that elastic modulus decreases as cartilage degenerates, but no method has been established to macroscopically evaluate mechanical properties in vivo. The objective of this study was to evaluate the elastic modulus of knee joint cartilage based on macroscopic methods and to compare it with gross and histological findings of degeneration.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Osteochondral sections were taken from 50 knees with osteoarthritis (average age, 75 years) undergoing total knee arthroplasty. The elastic modulus of the cartilage was measured with a specialized elasticity tester. Gross findings were recorded as International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade. Histological findings were graded as Mankin score and microscopic cartilage thickness measurement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In ICRS grades 0 to 2 knees with normal to moderate cartilage abnormalities, the elastic modulus of cartilage decreased significantly as cartilage degeneration progressed. The elastic modulus of cartilage was 12.2 ± 3.8 N/mm for ICRS grade 0, 6.3 ± 2.6 N/mm for ICRS grade 1, and 3.8 ± 2.4 N/mm for ICRS grade 2. Similarly, elastic modulus was correlated with Mankin score (<i>r</i> = -0.51, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Multiple regression analyses showed that increased Mankin score is the most relevant factor associated with decreased elastic modulus of the cartilage (<i>t</i>-value, -4.53; <i>P</i> < 0.001), followed by increased histological thickness of the cartilage (<i>t</i>-value, -3.15; <i>P =</i> 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mechanical properties of damaged knee cartilage assessed with new macroscopic methods are strongly correlated with histological findings. The method has potential to become a nondestructive diagnostic modality for early cartilage damage in the clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"461-470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10132576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management and Amelioration of Knee Joint Osteoarthritis in Adults Using a Novel High-Functional Bovine Collagen Peptide as a Nutritional Therapy: A Double-Blind, Prospective, Multicentric, Randomized, Active and Placebo Controlled, Five-Arm, Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability.","authors":"Sheena Devasia, Jinu T Joseph, Stephena P S, Seiko Koizumi, Liz Clarke, Sriraam V T, Abhilash Parameswaran Kailas, Shajil Madhavan","doi":"10.1177/19476035231221211","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035231221211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The various functionalities of collagen peptides have generated a large interest in utilizing the bioactive peptides as a nutritional therapy to ameliorate various physiological degenerative conditions. Collagen peptides are observed to reduce the pain and aligned difficulties with respect to osteoarthritis. Here we report the enhanced ameliorating property of novel high-functional \"Wellnex\" Type J collagen peptides following a double-blind randomized active and placebo-controlled 5-arm clinical trial (<i>n</i> = 100) by using it as a nutritional supplement in subjects with knee joint osteoarthritis in comparison with conventional bovine collagen peptides. The efficacy, safety, and tolerability were also studied.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Dosages of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 g of high-functional Type J bovine collagen peptides, 10.0 g of conventional collagen peptides, and 10.0 g of placebo were given to the 5 groups for a period of 90 days. The Western Ontario McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score, Pain Scale, Quality of Life (QoL), Physician's Impression of change Score (PICS), serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) levels and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Osteoarthritis Knee Score (MOAKS) parameters were monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Type J 2.5 g showed significant improvement in WOMAC, QoL, CTX, and MOAKS and observed to be equivalent to conventional collagen peptide 10-g supplementation in terms of efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The two significant outcomes of the study were that Type J 10.0 g, Type J 5.0 g, Type J 2.5 g and conventional collagen peptides 10.0 g supplementation were observed to be beneficial nutraceutical therapies for knee joint osteoarthritis, and Type J 2.5 g supplementation was equivalent to conventional collagen peptides 10.0-g supplementation in terms of efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"363-374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139484607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Factors for Clinical Outcome and Cartilage Regeneration after Implantation of Allogeneic Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Large-Sized Cartilage Defects with Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Se-Han Jung, Min Jung, Kwangho Chung, Sungjun Kim, Jisoo Park, Junseok Hong, Chong-Hyuk Choi, Sung-Hwan Kim","doi":"10.1177/19476035241231372","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035241231372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the prognostic factors for clinical outcomes and cartilage regeneration after the implantation of allogeneic human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell (hUCB-MSC) for treating large-sized cartilage defects with osteoarthritis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study is a case-series with multiple subgroup analyses that divides the included patients into multiple subgroups based on various factors. Overall, 47 patients who underwent hUCB-MSC implantation were included. The patient-reported outcomes, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and second-look arthroscopy were used to assess the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Combined realignment surgery significantly correlated with clinical outcomes, particularly pain. No other factors significantly influenced the clinical outcomes in short-term period. Subgroups with large defect sizes or meniscal insufficiency showed significantly poor MRI and arthroscopy outcomes (MRI, <i>P</i> = 0.001, <i>P</i> = 0.001; arthroscopy, <i>P</i> = 0.032, <i>P</i> = 0.042). The logistic regression showed that patients with a 1 cm² larger defect size were 1.91 times less likely to achieve favorable MRI outcomes (<i>P</i> = 0.017; odds ratio [OR], 1.91). Cut-off value to predict the poor outcome was >5.7 cm² (area under the curve, 0.756). A cartilage defect size >5.7 cm² was the major poor prognostic factor for cartilage regeneration on MRI (<i>P</i> = 0.010; OR, 17.46). If the postoperative alignment shifted by 1° opposite to the cartilage defect, it was 1.4 times more likely to achieve favorable MRI outcomes (<i>P</i> = 0.028; OR, 1.4).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining realignment surgery showed a better prognosis for pain improvement. Cartilage defect size, meniscal function, and postoperative alignment are significant prognostic factors for cartilage regeneration. A cartilage defect size >5.7 cm² was significantly related to poor cartilage regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"375-388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139746183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loose Bodies Found in the Human Intra-Articular Space Showed Characteristics Similar to Endochondral Bone Formation.","authors":"Andrea Schwab, Thomas Pap, Veit Krenn, Wolfgang Rüther, Christoph Lohmann, Jessica Bertrand","doi":"10.1177/19476035231212608","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035231212608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Loose bodies are free-floating tissues of cartilage and bone that can cause pain, swelling, the inability to straighten the knee, or intermittent locking of the knee. Loose bodies can arise from degenerative joint disease, flake fractures, osteochondritis dissecans, or chondromatosis. We hypothesized that loose bodies can be classified in stages with tissue characteristics similar to endochondral ossification.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Loose bodies were harvested from patients undergoing joint replacement. Samples were processed for histology, gene expression analysis, and micro-computed tomography (µCT). Cartilage- and bone-related genes and proteins were selected for immunofluorescence stainings (collagen type I, II, and X, SOX9 [SRY-box transcription factor 9], and MMP13 [matrix metalloproteinase 13]) and gene expression analysis (<i>FN</i> [fibronectin], <i>COL1A1, COL2A1, COL10A1, SOX9, MMP13</i>, and aggrecan [<i>ACAN</i>]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Loose bodies were grouped in 4 stages: fibrous, (mineralized) cartilaginous, cartilage and bone, and bone. Hyaline-like cartilage tissue with Benninghoff arcades was present in stages 2 and 3. A transition from cartilaginous to mineralized tissue and bone trabecula was defined by an increase in <i>COL1A1</i> and <i>COL10A1</i> (stage 3 vs. 4: <i>p</i> = 0.047) positive area. Stage 4 showed typical trabecular bone tissue. The relative volume of calcified tissue (mineralized cartilage and bone tissue) decreased with stages (stages 1-2 vs. 3: <i>p</i> = 0.002; stage 1-2 vs. 4: <i>p</i> = 0.012). <i>COL2A1</i> expression and stained area decreased from stages 1-2 to 4 (<i>p</i> = 0.010 and <i>p</i> = 0.004). <i>ACAN</i> expression decreased from stage 1-2 to stage 3 (<i>p</i> = 0.049) and stage 4 (<i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Loose bodies show tissue characteristics similar to endochondral ossification. They are probably a relevant substrate for regenerative therapeutic interventions in joint disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"353-362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138469972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attenuating Cartilage Degeneration in a Low Mechanical Compression Rat Model Through Intra-Articular Injections of Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.","authors":"Chia Tai, Akira Ito, Zixi Zhao, Hiroshi Kuroki, Tomoki Aoyama","doi":"10.1177/19476035241301291","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035241301291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mechanical stimulation significantly contributes to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), a condition that impedes patient recovery following intra-articular injury. Effective treatment options for compression-induced injuries are limited. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) implantation has emerged as a potential therapeutic breakthrough for joint diseases. The aim of this study was to attenuate the progression of PTOA induced by cyclic loading and demonstrate the potential effectiveness of BMSCs in a rat model of low mechanical compression.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Using a rat model of compression-induced articular cartilage injury, assessments were conducted 2, 4, and 8 weeks after cyclic compressive loading. The expression of matrix metallopeptidase 13, transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and cleaved caspase-3 was evaluated through immunohistochemistry to investigate the mechanistic aspects underlying the prevention of compression-induced injury following BMSCs treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intra-articular injections of BMSCs significantly improved scores in the OARSI (Osteoarthritis Research Society International) Osteoarthritis Cartilage Histopathology Assessment System and Histological-Histochemical Grading System. This treatment showed positive outcomes in maintaining high relative cell density and reducing proteoglycan loss after cyclic compression-induced injury. The expression patterns of IGF-1 and TGF-β3 provide valuable insights into the presence and distribution of these growth factors in healthy and injured cartilage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the efficacy of BMSCs treatment in attenuating the advancement of compression-induced injuries, albeit within a limited timeframe.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035241301291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11607721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TNF-α Regulated Bidirectional Interaction Between Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Articular Chondrocytes.","authors":"Yu Huang, Fengqiong Zuo, Jue Wu, Shaoping Wu","doi":"10.1177/19476035241297693","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035241297693","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Articular chondrocytes (ACs) secrete a variety of extracellular matrix components to maintain the functions of articular cartilage. Degeneration of ACs leads to the degeneration of articular cartilage and consequently to osteoarthritis. The secretion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is capable of protecting ACs from degeneration, and thus BMSCs are widely applied to treat osteoarthritis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to explore whether BMSCs and ACs will affect the functions of each other through their secretions in the context of osteoarthritis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;BMSCs and ACs isolated from rabbits were identified using flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. Conditioned medium of BMSCs and ACs treated with 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 ng/ml of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were collected and used to treat ACs and BMSCs, respectively. The viabilities of ACs and BMSCs treated with condition medium were assessed using a Cell Count Kit-8 (CCK-8) kit. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunoblotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods were employed to evaluate the relative expression levels of genes and proteins, as well as the cytokine concentrations in the supernatant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry results indicated that the purity of isolated cells exceeded 95%. CCK-8 analysis showed that 6 hours of treatment with a conditioned medium did not affect the viability of BMSCs and ACs. However, treatment for 12 hours or longer significantly increased the viability of BMSCs (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) and significantly decreased the viability of ACs (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the relative expression levels of &lt;i&gt;Runx2&lt;/i&gt; (1.15-3.91), &lt;i&gt;Alp&lt;/i&gt; (1.06-2.84), &lt;i&gt;TNF&lt;/i&gt; (BMSCs: 0.94-2.54; ACs: 1.03-2.64), &lt;i&gt;IL6&lt;/i&gt; (BMSCs: 0.98-2.78; ACs: 0.96-3.71), &lt;i&gt;IL17A&lt;/i&gt; (BMSCs: 1.08-5.91; ACs: 0.90-4.20), and &lt;i&gt;IL10&lt;/i&gt; (BMSCs: 0.93-2.82; ACs: 0.89-2.25) genes in conditioned medium-treated BMSCs and ACs were dose-dependently elevated (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) by TNF-α treatment. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that the expression levels of RUNX2 (0.53-0.86) and ALP (0.49-0.85) proteins were also dose-dependently elevated (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) by TNF-α treatment. ELISA results showed similar TNF-α dose-dependent increases (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) in the supernatant concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (BMSCs: 36.90 ± 0.75 to 199.38 pg/ml; ACs: 29.76 to 293.99 pg/ml), interleukin (IL)-6 (BMSCs: 4.96-48.24 pg/ml; ACs: 6.12-38.15 pg/ml), IL-17 (BMSCs: 3.06-28.99 pg/ml; ACs: 3.08-28.51 pg/ml), as well as the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (BMSCs: 6.34-65.02 pg/ml; ACs: 5.30-34.85 pg/ml).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Together, these results indicate a TNF-α-regulated bidirectional interaction between BMSCs and ACs, deepening our understanding of the pathogenesis of osteoa","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035241297693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meniscus Injury Induces Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis Development Mediated by Synovitis and Gait Kinematics: A Preclinical Study.","authors":"Akihiro Nakahata, Akira Ito, Ryo Nakahara, Hiroshi Kuroki","doi":"10.1177/19476035241299769","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035241299769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether meniscal injury leads to the development of patellofemoral (PF) osteoarthritis (PFOA) and to explore how synovitis and gait kinematics mediate this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-four male Wistar rats (12 weeks old) were randomly assigned to the control, sham, or destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) groups. The rats were subjected to gait analysis to assess the kinematic changes at 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively. Subsequently, the rats were euthanized, and their right knees were harvested for histological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) and modified Mankin (MM) scores in the DMM group were significantly higher than those in the control and sham groups at week 2 and significantly higher than those in the control group at week 4. The OARSI and MM scores in the sham group were significantly higher than those in the control group at weeks 2 and 4. The association between the DMM and OARSI scores was significantly mediated by the synovitis score and knee flexion angle at foot contact (proportion mediated: 58% and 10%, respectively). The association between the sham and OARSI scores was significantly mediated by the synovitis score and knee flexion angle (proportion mediated: 24% and 24%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DMM surgery induced articular cartilage damage in the PF joint. Synovitis and the knee flexion angle significantly mediated the association between DMM or sham surgery and PFOA development.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035241299769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}