CARTILAGE最新文献

{"title":"Real-World Evaluation of Repeated Intra-articular 1.0% Sodium Hyaluronate Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis: A 30-Week Post-market Clinical Performance Study.","authors":"Tsu-Te Yeh, Ching-Ting Chen, Yung-Hsiang Lin, Chi-Fu Chiang, Yi-Wen Mao","doi":"10.1177/19476035261493633","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035261493633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and clinical performance of a high-purity, non-cross-linked 1.0% sodium hyaluronate administered via intra-articular injection in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA).DesignThis 30-week, single-center, open-label post-market clinical performance evaluation enrolled adults with radiographically confirmed knee OA. Participants received five weekly intra-articular injections of 1.0% sodium hyaluronate. Resting pain (VAS), Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade, and patient satisfaction were assessed through Week 30, and adverse events were monitored throughout.ResultsMean VAS pain scores decreased by 48.3% at Week 8 and 42.8% at Week 30 compared with baseline (both <i>p</i> < 0.001). KL grades were generally stable over time, with no clear radiographic worsening observed during follow-up. Approximately 90% of patients reported satisfaction with treatment, and no treatment-related serious adverse events occurred.ConclusionsFive weekly intra-articular injections of 1.0% sodium hyaluronate were well tolerated and were associated with reductions in resting pain and stable radiographic findings over 30 weeks, supporting its role as a well-tolerated viscosupplementation option in routine clinical care for knee OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261493633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149227349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell-Based Regenerative Strategies for Knee Cartilage Repair: A Scoping Review of Autologous Cartilage, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, and Hybrid Approaches.","authors":"Birzhan Suiindik, Kazybek Baktybergen, Yerik Raimagambetov, Gulzhanat Korganbekova, Dina Saginova, Arman Batpen, Karlygash Suiindik","doi":"10.1177/19476035261499465","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035261499465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundCell-based approaches for focal knee cartilage repair include cartilage- and chondrocyte-based procedures, mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based strategies, and combinations of these approaches. However, the amount and type of evidence available for these treatments differ considerably.ObjectiveTo map the clinical and preclinical evidence for cell-based regenerative strategies used for focal chondral and osteochondral defects of the knee, compare cartilage-based, MSC-based, and hybrid approaches, and identify areas where evidence remains limited.MethodsThis scoping review was prospectively registered on the Open Science Framework and reported according to PRISMA-ScR. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies published from January 2000 to December 2025. Eligible studies evaluated in vivo cartilage-derived, MSC-based, or hybrid regenerative interventions for focal knee chondral or osteochondral defects. Two reviewers independently screened the records and charted study characteristics and outcomes using a standardized form. Because of substantial heterogeneity in interventions, study designs, models, outcomes, and follow-up periods, the findings were summarized descriptively rather than pooled.ResultsSeventy-five publications met the eligibility criteria. Cartilage-based approaches were evaluated in 29 publications, including 21 clinical and 8 preclinical studies. MSC-based approaches were evaluated in 43 publications, including 12 clinical and 31 preclinical studies. Three publications examined hybrid strategies, including two clinical reports from the same 35-patient cohort and one preclinical study. Cartilage-based evidence was therefore mainly clinical (72.4%), whereas MSC-based evidence was mainly preclinical (72.1%). Clinical studies used a wide range of outcome measures, and comparative studies did not show a consistent advantage of one more complex cell-based approach over another. Evidence for hybrid strategies remained limited to one preclinical study and one clinical programme reported at 18 months and 5 years.ConclusionThe available evidence differs considerably across cartilage-based, MSC-based, and hybrid approaches. Cartilage-based techniques have been studied more extensively in clinical settings, whereas most MSC research remains preclinical. Hybrid cartilage and MSC strategies have been investigated in only a small number of studies. A framework based on structural or chondrogenic input, biological signaling, and the combination of these components may be useful for organizing future research, but it should currently be considered a hypothesis rather than a validated treatment model.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261499465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13677982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential Exposure to Acute, Intermediate, and Late Synovial Fluid Fracture Hematoma after Ankle Fracture Promotes Cartilage Damage in Vitro Partially Attenuated by Anti Inflammatory Agents.","authors":"Evan Fedock, Nicholas B Allen, Alexandra Hunter Aitchison, Will Sharp, Olivia Blaber, Zachary Aman, Austin Cates, Lucas Domberg, Samuel B Adams","doi":"10.1177/19476035261498348","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035261498348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPost-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) following intra-articular fractures (IAFs) remains a common sequela after injury. Cartilage degeneration after injury is influenced by multiple factors, including elevated proinflammatory cytokines produced by synovial fluid fracture hematoma (SFFH). Targeting this inflammatory response may reduce cartilage damage. This study evaluated cartilage injury and inflammatory mediator changes caused by SFFH, assessing whether commercially available anti-inflammatory agents can suppress the inflammatory cascade implicated in PTOA and reduce chondrocyte death.MethodsAnkle synovial fluid was collected from 54 patients with IAFs. Human cartilage discs harvested from talar allografts were cultured in standard chondrocyte media (SCM) and initial media was collected. Explants were randomized into five groups: (1) control (SCM only), (2) sequential exposure SFFH representing acute (days 0-2), intermediate (days 3-9), and late (≥10) phases, (3) Group 2 with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), (4) Group 2 with dexamethasone, and (5) Group 2 with doxycycline. After exposure, spent media was collected. Samples were analyzed for cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), C-terminal telopeptides of type II collagen (CTX-II), and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs), with histological assessment performed to evaluate viability and proteoglycan content.ResultsSFFH exposed cartilage showed increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, MMPs, and cartilage breakdown products compared to controls. Treatment with IL-1Ra, dexamethasone, or doxycycline all reduced inflammatory cytokines and MMP levels. Safranin O staining, indicating proteoglycan content, was lowest in group 2. No significant difference in chondrocyte survival was observed among groups.ConclusionSequential exposure to SFFH creates a sustained proinflammatory and catabolic environment that promotes biochemical cartilage degradation. IL-1Ra, dexamethasone, and doxycycline reduced inflammatory cytokine and MMP concentrations while cartilage matrix degradation markers remained elevated and histologic preservation was not significantly improved. These findings suggest that suppression of inflammatory pathways alone may be insufficient to fully prevent cartilage injury under cumulative SFFH exposure.Clinical RelevanceAcute anti-inflammatory therapy following IAF may modulate inflammatory and catabolic mediator production within the post-fracture joint environment. Further in vivo investigation is required to determine whether these biological effects translate into durable cartilage preservation or altered PTOA risk.Level of EvidenceLaboratory study.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261498348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149191459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline Knee Extension Is Associated With Volumetric Femoral Cartilage Loss in the Central Region of the Mid-lateral and External Medial Femoral Condyles: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative.","authors":"Domenica Cirone, Darsan Sadacharam, T Mark Campbell","doi":"10.1177/19476035261498127","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035261498127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveData evaluating knee flexion contracture (FC)-associated regional changes on femoral articular cartilage are lacking. We compared regional femoral articular cartilage outcomes of people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) with and without FC using quantitative MRI data.MethodsArticular cartilage of the medial and lateral femoral condyles were segmented into internal, central, and external subregions on MRI. Goniometry measured knee extension. We tested for regional differences in cartilage thickness and percent denuded bone (i.e., 0mm cartilage thickness) in the presence or absence of FC, and for associations between cartilage outcomes with quantitative knee extension range of motion (ROM) using a linear model for 596 participants.ResultsFor FC versus no FC, cartilage thickness in the central lateral subregion was higher (2.36±0.42mm vs. 2.29±0.43mm; p<0.05), with higher percent denuded bone in the central lateral (0.92±3.5% vs. 0.39±2.2%; p<0.05) and central medial subregions (4.61±12.88% vs. 3.17±11.66%; p<0.05). Lost knee extension was associated with increased percent denuded bone in the internal lateral (<i>r=</i>0.095; p<0.05), central lateral (<i>r</i>=0.90; p<0.05), and central medial subregions (<i>r</i>=0.117<i>;</i> p<0.01) but with increased central lateral cartilage thickness (<i>r</i>=0.110; p<0.01). After correcting for clinical factors, an association between lost knee extension and increased percent denuded bone remained in the central lateral femur [<i>β</i>=0.059; (95% CI 0.003-0.114)].ConclusionConclusion: Lost knee extension was associated with increased percent denuded bone in the central lateral and external medial femur. Interventions to maintain and/or restore knee ROM may benefit femoral cartilage health. Longitudinal studies evaluating the impact of lost knee ROM on femoral cartilage are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261498127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Training Exercise on Cartilage Zonal Composition and Structure at Two Differently Loaded Sites in the Juvenile Equine Metacarpophalangeal Joint.","authors":"Michael J S Duggan, Margot C Labberté, René van Weeren, Reinout Stoop, Mika M Hyttinen, Jarno Rieppo, Jeroen de Groot, Pieter A J Brama","doi":"10.1177/19476035261484024","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035261484024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the depth related spatial distribution of biochemical and structural components in articular cartilage at different topographical sites experiencing different loading within the juvenile equine metacarpophalangeal joint in two groups of foals subjected to different exercise conditions.MethodsSixteen Warmblood foals were included in the study and were randomly assigned into 1 of 2 exercise groups (box rest and box rest plus training) during the first 5 months of life and subsequently euthanized. Osteochondral plugs were harvested from two sites which have previously been shown to experience different load levels and sectioned into 100 μm thick slices. Cartilage slices were analysed for glycosaminoglycan, DNA, and total collagen content, as well as content of hydroxylysine residues (HYL) in collagen and the collagen cross-link Hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP). Collagen fibril architecture (Orientation Angle and Parallelism Index) was determined using quantitative polarized light microscopy.ResultsThe constantly loaded site 2 exhibited higher glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and HP content with HYL higher in the superficial and middle layers of the trained group, while the intermittently peak loaded site 1 showed greater collagen accumulation in deeper layers but lower cross-link density. Structural analyses (Oa and PI) confirmed that collagen fibril orientation and alignment adapt regionally, with training enhancing fibril organization in superficial zones.ConclusionThis study illustrates that mechanical loading is a key driver of functional adaptation, resulting in distinct zonal and topographical differences in the biochemical and structural composition of equine cartilage at 5 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261484024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Metal-Polyphenol Complex Eliminates Chondrocytic ROS to Ameliorate Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Xiaoyu Huang, Zhangfan Gong, Kaitao Yao, Xingtao Chen, Yiran Yin","doi":"10.1177/19476035261491935","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035261491935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage degradation and chronic inflammation. Currently, none of the available treatments can effectively halt or reverse the irreversible loss of extracellular matrix. In this study, we developed a hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified metal-phenolic network (MPN) nanostructure (FPB-HA) to enable targeted antioxidant delivery and microenvironmental regulation for OA therapy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The coordinated chelating effect between Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) and ferulic acid (FA) was utilized to construct the MPN framework, followed by surface modification with HA. The biocompatibility, ROS-scavenging capacity, and anti-inflammatory effects of FPB-HA were evaluated in ATDC5 chondrocytes. The therapeutic efficacy was further assessed in an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced OA mouse model through histological analysis and OARSI scoring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FPB-HA exhibited excellent biocompatibility and potent ROS-scavenging activity in vitro. Western blot analysis demonstrated that FPB-HA significantly upregulated anabolic markers (SOX9, COL2, ACAN) while suppressing catabolic proteases (MMP13, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5). In vivo, FPB-HA treatment markedly attenuated cartilage degeneration, reduced proteoglycan loss, and improved OARSI scores compared to the untreated OA group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The MPN-based FPB-HA nanocomposite effectively alleviates oxidative stress, suppresses catabolic signaling, and reinstates anabolic matrix synthesis in chondrocytes, providing a promising disease-modifying therapeutic strategy for early-stage OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261491935"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of Hexokinase 2 Undermines Cartilage Health and Accelerates Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Haokun Xu, Xinyi Zhang, Yijie Fu, Genming Liu, Daizhao Deng, Feibi Ren, Sirui Yuan, Ying Lin, Ruijun Lai, Kai Li, Tinghui Xiao, Song Xu, Xiaochun Bai, Yue Zhang","doi":"10.1177/19476035261494285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19476035261494285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveEnhanced glycolysis is a metabolic hallmark of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis (OA); however, the roles of the glycolytic rate-limiting enzyme hexokinase 2 (HK2) in cartilage remain poorly understood.MethodsMice and cell models involving HK2 knockout in Col2a1-expressing chondrocytes and 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) treatment are utilized to assess the potential impact of HK2 blockage on cartilage <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Additionally, we analyzed published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets from human articular cartilage and integrated these with bulk RNA-seq data from HK2-deficient chondrocytes to characterize HK2 expression features across conditions. The <i>in vivo</i> effects of HK2 inhibition on OA progression were evaluated using a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced model, through both chondrocyte HK2 deletion and 3-BrPA administration.ResultsBoth pharmacological inhibition and genetic deletion of HK2 impair chondrocyte differentiation <i>ex vivo</i> and suggest a promoted calcification-like process. Through pseudotime analysis of published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets from human articular cartilages, we further identified that HK2 is differentially expressed across conditions, with a feature of a relatively high expression level at terminal stages of chondrocyte differentiation in the context of OA. We next confirmed HK2 deficiency in chondrocytes significantly exacerbated OA progression but having no impact on skeletal development in mice.ConclusionsOur findings reveal a novel, critical role for HK2 in regulating chondrocyte differentiation both <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, likely by preserving cartilage function under stress. Consequently, targeting HK2 as a therapeutic strategy for OA requires careful consideration of potential risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261494285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repair of Full Thickness Articular Cartilage Using a 3D-Printed Acellular Polymer Implant in a Caprine Model: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Flavia Medeiros Savi, Nathan J Castro, Benjamin Holmes, Sachin Kandlikar, Michael L Hawes, Luke Aram","doi":"10.1177/19476035261487354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19476035261487354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveEvaluate a 3D-printed acellular polymer scaffold combined with microfracture for repairing critical-sized cartilage defects in a goat model.MethodsSix goats received bilateral 10 mm femoral condyle defects. In a paired design, one knee received microfracture plus a scaffold (95% or 45% infill); the contralateral control received microfracture alone (final n = 6). At 16 weeks, repair was assessed via histology (modified ICRS II), immunohistochemistry, and polarized light microscopy. Histological analysis included three scaffold-treated and three control defects; others were excluded due to loosening or processing issues. The pathologist was unblinded. The scaffold contains non-resorbable, non-degradable nylon 12; remnants persist permanently.ResultsThe 95% infill scaffold handled poorly with poor integration. The 45% infill scaffold demonstrated superior handling and integration, achieving significantly higher median ICRS II scores than microfracture alone (44 vs. 33, p < 0.05), with enhanced cellularity, zonal organization, and type II collagen. Scaffold remnants were surrounded by CD68-positive macrophages, indicating a chronic foreign body response to the non-resorbable material, with associated neovascularization.ConclusionThe 45% infill scaffold improved histological cartilage repair versus microfracture alone at 16 weeks. These preliminary findings support its selection for pivotal studies with larger samples, longer follow-up, and blinded assessment. However, because nylon 12 is non-resorbable, remnants persist permanently, with important implications for long-term stability, safety, biocompatibility, and the mechanism of tissue repair. Results should be interpreted cautiously given the small sample size and short follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261487354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allogenic Platelet-Rich Plasma in Joint Pathologies: A Scoping Review of Basic Science and Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Zachary Chu, Chen Zhang, Laura-Ann Lambert, Jakob Ackerman, Mats Brittberg, Hamid Rahmatullah Bin Abd Razak","doi":"10.1177/19476035261490284","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035261490284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveAllogenic platelet-rich plasma(PRP) has emerged as a promising alternative to autologous PRP for treating joint pathologies, offering potential advantages in consistency, cost, and applicability across patient demographics. This scoping review aims to firstly, examine the basic science of allogenic PRP and secondly, assess its clinical outcomes in joint diseases.DesignA scoping review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, encompassing studies from 2010 to 2025, across databases such as Embase, PubMed, and SCOPUS. The selection criteria included controlled laboratory studies, cohort studies, and randomised controlled trials focusing on the basic science, safety profile, and clinical outcomes of allogenic PRP.ResultsA total of 20 studies were included. In vivo and in vitro, allogenic PRP demonstrates anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative properties. Clinically, it showed consistent patient-reported outcome improvements in the short term up to 6 months, significantly reducing VAS pain scores by up to 25% and improving joint function scores such as WOMAC, IKDC in knees and DASH and SPADI in shoulders. However, there is a lack of long-term superiority data. Clinician-reported outcomes, such as range of motion and imaging, were similarly improved; ultrasonography-detected effusion in knee OA improved and measured femoral cartilage thickness by 22%. The safety profile was generally favourable, with mild, transient adverse events and no severe complications reported.ConclusionsCurrent literature supports allogenic PRP as potentially effective and safe investigational therapy, but not as an established clinical treatment given the lack of standardisation and long-term superiority data.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261490284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13593940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutting to the Truth: Are We Measuring Osteotomy Parameters Correctly?","authors":"Corey B Fuller, Anne J Spaans, Roel J H Custers, Wouter H Nijhuis, Nienke van Egmond, Ralph J B Sakkers, Eva A Bax","doi":"10.1177/19476035261489417","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19476035261489417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeTraditional lower limb deformity analysis in pediatrics and adults centers on the anatomical center of the knee. However, in high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA), the surgical goal is often valgus overcorrection toward a lateral weight-bearing point. This study quantified the effect of using a lateral weight-bearing point versus the center of the knee on lower-limb alignment parameters and assessed how these differences may influence surgical decision-making.MethodsA retrospective radiographic study was conducted in 20 patients with unicompartmental KOA who underwent HTO. Alignment was measured using 2 methods: the anatomical center of the knee and a 62.5% lateral weight-bearing point as the lateral weight-bearing reference point. Measured parameters included the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA), mechanical lateral distal tibial angle (mLDTA), and mechanical hip-knee-ankle angle (mHKAA). Methods were compared using paired t tests.ResultsUsing a 62.5% lateral weight-bearing point altered all alignment parameters. Compared with knee-centered measurements, mLDFA increased by 1.52° (more varus), mMPTA decreased by 1.84° (more varus), and mLDTA decreased by 1.85° (more valgus) (all <i>P</i> < 0.001). These changes altered deformity classification, with femora classified as varus increasing from 4 to 10 and tibiae from 8 to 13.ConclusionUsing a lateral weight-bearing point for deformity analysis produces predictable changes in alignment measurements that frequently alter deformity classification. This approach may reveal occult femoral deformities underestimated by traditional methods and may provide a more biomechanically relevant framework for osteotomy planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":9626,"journal":{"name":"CARTILAGE","volume":" ","pages":"19476035261489417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13582646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}