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Concentration and Stability of Fluoride Chemically Available in Charcoal-Containing Toothpastes. 含炭牙膏中氟化物化学成分的浓度和稳定性。
IF 2.9 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1159/000542530
Constanza E Fernández, Natalia L García-Manriquez, Domenick Zero, Jaime A Cury
{"title":"Concentration and Stability of Fluoride Chemically Available in Charcoal-Containing Toothpastes.","authors":"Constanza E Fernández, Natalia L García-Manriquez, Domenick Zero, Jaime A Cury","doi":"10.1159/000542530","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Among the wide variety of commercially oral hygiene products, activated charcoal-based toothpastes have irrupted the market, claiming multiple benefits. Although most are fluoride free, others incorporate fluoride into their formulations, yet the chemical availability and stability of fluoride in these products remain unclear. Our study aimed to assess the chemical availability and stability of fluoride in commercially fluoridated toothpastes formulated with activated charcoal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We purchased duplicate samples with different lot numbers of different brands containing fluoride (F) and activated charcoal (n = 20) in the USA and Chile. Three toothpastes, one non-fluoridated, one containing sodium fluoride (NaF), and another with sodium monofluorophosphate (Na2FPO3), were used as controls. All toothpastes were evaluated at the time of purchase (fresh) and after their expiration date (aged). We determined total F and available total soluble F (TSF), using a F-specific ion electrode. Values were expressed in mg F/kg (ppm F, w/w).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most evaluated toothpaste contained NaF (70%) or Na2FPO3 (30%) as the F salt, and all declared to contain silica. The TSF concentration ranged from 952.6 to 1,438.1 and from 925.7 to 1,493.7 ppm F for fresh and aged toothpaste, respectively. TSF remained close to total F and in agreement with the F concentration reported by the manufacturer. After expiring, the commercial toothpastes did not form insoluble F, except the Na2FPO3-/CaCO3-based control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The silica-based toothpastes formulated with activated charcoal present fluoride potentially bioavailable and chemically stable to control caries. However, concerns regarding abrasiveness, as raised by other researchers, cast doubt on the suitability of these toothpastes for widespread use.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of a Sugar Consumption Prevention Program in the First Year of Life on the Occurrence of Early Childhood Caries: A Multicentric Randomized Trial in Brazil. 出生后第一年的食糖摄入量预防计划对儿童早期龋齿发生率的影响:巴西多中心随机试验》。
IF 2.9 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1159/000541028
Carlos Alberto Feldens, Elisa Maria Rosa de Barros Coelho, Márcia Regina Vítolo, Priscila Humbert Rogrigues, Paulo Floriani Kramer, Karen Glazer Peres
{"title":"Effectiveness of a Sugar Consumption Prevention Program in the First Year of Life on the Occurrence of Early Childhood Caries: A Multicentric Randomized Trial in Brazil.","authors":"Carlos Alberto Feldens, Elisa Maria Rosa de Barros Coelho, Márcia Regina Vítolo, Priscila Humbert Rogrigues, Paulo Floriani Kramer, Karen Glazer Peres","doi":"10.1159/000541028","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a nutritional counseling program for mothers of newborns to prevent sugar consumption in the first year of life on the occurrence of early childhood caries (ECC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicentric randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov - NCT03841123) was conducted in three state capitals of Brazil (n = 516). Mothers were randomly assigned to the intervention group (IG) or control group (CG) after delivery. The IG received face-to-face nutritional counseling based on UNICEF dietary guidelines after delivery, followed by monthly phone calls. The CG received standard counseling. Dietary intake was measured through structured questionnaires and 24-h recalls at 6 and 12 months. Dental clinical examination for ECC diagnosis was performed by calibrated dentists after the children completed the first year of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of ECC was 17.4% in the overall sample (49/290). The number of affected teeth ranged from 0 to 6 (mean 0.43). The IG had a 2.4 times probability of not consuming sugar in the first 6 months of life (RR 2.44; 95% CI: 1.18-5.00) and a significantly lower mean number of sweet items consumed at 12 months (p = 0.016). However, no significant differences between groups were found with regard to the occurrence of ECC (RR 1.33; 95% CI: 0.79-2.25) or the number of teeth affected by caries (p = 0.273).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The intervention to prevent and reduce sugar intake in the first year of life was not effective at reducing the occurrence of ECC or the number of teeth with carious lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deep Learning-Based Algorithm for Staging Secondary Caries in Bitewings. 基于深度学习的咬翼二次龋分期算法。
IF 2.9 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1159/000542289
Niels van Nistelrooij, Eduardo Trota Chaves, Maximiliano Sergio Cenci, Lingyun Cao, Bas A C Loomans, Tong Xi, Khalid El Ghoul, Vitor Henrique Digmayer Romero, Giana Silveira Lima, Tabea Flügge, Bram van Ginneken, Marie-Charlotte Huysmans, Shankeeth Vinayahalingam, Fausto Medeiros Mendes
{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Algorithm for Staging Secondary Caries in Bitewings.","authors":"Niels van Nistelrooij, Eduardo Trota Chaves, Maximiliano Sergio Cenci, Lingyun Cao, Bas A C Loomans, Tong Xi, Khalid El Ghoul, Vitor Henrique Digmayer Romero, Giana Silveira Lima, Tabea Flügge, Bram van Ginneken, Marie-Charlotte Huysmans, Shankeeth Vinayahalingam, Fausto Medeiros Mendes","doi":"10.1159/000542289","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite the notable progress in developing artificial intelligence-based tools for caries detection in bitewings, limited research has addressed the detection and staging of secondary caries. Therefore, we aimed to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based algorithm for these purposes using a novel approach for determining lesion severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a dataset from a Dutch dental practice-based research network containing 2,612 restored teeth in 413 bitewings from 383 patients aged 15-88 years and trained the Mask R-CNN architecture with a Swin Transformer backbone. Two-stage training fine-tuned caries detection accuracy and severity assessment. Annotations of caries around restorations were made by two evaluators and checked by two other experts. Aggregated accuracy metrics (mean ± standard deviation - SD) in detecting teeth with secondary caries were calculated considering two thresholds: detecting all lesions and dentine lesions. The correlation between the lesion severity scores obtained with the algorithm and the annotators' consensus was determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our refined algorithm showed high specificity in detecting all lesions (0.966 ± 0.025) and dentine lesions (0.964 ± 0.019). Sensitivity values were lower: 0.737 ± 0.079 for all lesions and 0.808 ± 0.083 for dentine lesions. The areas under ROC curves (SD) were 0.940 (0.025) for all lesions and 0.946 (0.023) for dentine lesions. The correlation coefficient for severity scores was 0.802.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We developed an improved algorithm to support clinicians in detecting and staging secondary caries in bitewing, incorporating an innovative approach for annotation, considering the lesion severity as a continuous outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence and association of caries and enamel hypomineralisation (EH)/molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) in 8- to 10-year-old children from Bavaria, Germany. 德国巴伐利亚州 8 至 10 岁儿童龋齿和牙釉质矿化不足 (EH) / 磨牙-尖牙矿化不足 (MIH) 的患病率及相关性。
IF 4.2 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1159/000541351
Karl-Ferdinand Fresen,Ramy Gaballah,Helen Irini Schill,Stefanie Amend,Kousha Sarpari,Vinay Pitchika,Norbert Krämer,Jan Kühnisch
{"title":"Prevalence and association of caries and enamel hypomineralisation (EH)/molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) in 8- to 10-year-old children from Bavaria, Germany.","authors":"Karl-Ferdinand Fresen,Ramy Gaballah,Helen Irini Schill,Stefanie Amend,Kousha Sarpari,Vinay Pitchika,Norbert Krämer,Jan Kühnisch","doi":"10.1159/000541351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541351","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONThe aim of this cross-sectional epidemiological study was to record caries and enamel hypomineralisation (EH), including molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), and assess associations between both entities in 8- to 10-year-olds from Bavaria, Germany.METHODSA total of 5,418 children (mean age 9.8 years; 2,726 females, 2,692 males) were examined using the dmft/DMFT index with additional inclusion of initial or non-cavitated carious lesions (it/IT). EH were recorded in the primary (eh) and permanent dentition (EH), and individuals with different EH phenotypes were determined as follows: at least one EH, at least one hypomineralised second primary molar (HSPM), at least one hypomineralised first permanent molar (MIH), and at least one hypomineralised first permanent molar and incisor (M+IH). Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to assess association between caries and EH.RESULTSThe percentage of children without caries in the permanent dentition (DMF=0) was 88.9%. When data regarding initial carious lesions were included (IDMF=0), the prevalence decreased to 75.7%. The caries experience was idmf/t=1.6 and the IDMF/T=0.6. The mean number of carious teeth in subjects with no eh/EH was higher than that in subjects with HSPM, MIH or M+IH. The presence of HSPM, MIH and M+IH was associated with a significantly lower probability of caries in the permanent dentition; the corresponding adjusted odds ratios were 0.55 (95% CI: 0.41-0.75), 0.67 (95% CI: 0.56-0.81) and 0.54 (95% CI: 0.41-0.72), respectively.CONCLUSIONSCaries and EH are prevalent conditions in 8- to 10-year-old Bavarian schoolchildren; both dental diseases were negatively associated with each other.","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Statherin-derived peptide protects against intrinsic erosive enamel wear in situ. 源于 Statherin 的肽可防止珐琅质的原位侵蚀性磨损。
IF 4.2 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1159/000541403
Even Akemi Taira,Carolina Ruis Ferrari,Gabriel Carvalho,Vinicius Taioqui Pelá,Talita Mendes Oliveira Ventura,Edson Crusca,Reinaldo Marchetto,Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
{"title":"Statherin-derived peptide protects against intrinsic erosive enamel wear in situ.","authors":"Even Akemi Taira,Carolina Ruis Ferrari,Gabriel Carvalho,Vinicius Taioqui Pelá,Talita Mendes Oliveira Ventura,Edson Crusca,Reinaldo Marchetto,Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf","doi":"10.1159/000541403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541403","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONThis in situ study investigated the protective effect of a solution containing statherin-derived peptide (StatpSpS) against enamel intrinsic erosion.METHODSFifteen volunteers wore appliances containing 2 bovine specimens. The samples were subjected to erosion (ERO) with HCl, mimicking dental erosion by intrinsic acid. The volunteers participated in 3 phases (double-blind and crossover): 1) Deionized water (negative control); 2) Commercial solution containing SnCl2/NaF/AmF (800 ppm Sn+2, 500 ppm F-, pH 4.5) - (positive control); 3) Solution containing 1.88 X 10-5M StatpSpS. Four times a day, the volunteers administered one drop of the solutions (50 µl, 1 min) on each specimen. After the treatment, erosive challenges were performed extraorally with 0.01 M HCl (pH 2.0, 4 times/day, 1 min, 150 mL). Enamel wear was assessed by profilometry. Data was analyzed by one-way RM-ANOVA/Bonferroni's tests (p&lt;0.05).RESULTSIn terms of the treatments, both the commercial solution - SnCl2/NaF/AmF and StatpSpS significantly reduced the wear when compared to the negative control (p&lt;0.01), without significant differences between them (p&gt;0.05).CONCLUSIONThe solution containing StatpSpS demonstrated protection against enamel intrinsic erosive wear. This study marks a significant advancement in the prevention of intrinsic erosive wear, utilizing StatpSpS in acquired pellicle engineering procedures.","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oral health problems among children in Spain. 西班牙儿童的注意力缺陷多动障碍症状和口腔健康问题。
IF 4.2 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1159/000541013
Lucía Fernández-Arce,José Manuel Martínez-Pérez,Miguel García-Villarino,María Del Mar Fernández-Álvareza,Rubén Martín-Payo,Alberto Lana
{"title":"Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oral health problems among children in Spain.","authors":"Lucía Fernández-Arce,José Manuel Martínez-Pérez,Miguel García-Villarino,María Del Mar Fernández-Álvareza,Rubén Martín-Payo,Alberto Lana","doi":"10.1159/000541013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541013","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONThe aim of this study was to explore the association between symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oral health in a representative sample of the Spanish population aged 6 to 14 years, we examined the contribution of several sociodemographic and behavioral determinants of children/adolescents and their family environment.METHODSA cross-sectional study involving 3,402 subjects aged between 6 and 14 years from the Spanish National Health Survey. The presence of ADHD symptoms was determined using the self-reported hyperactivity/inattention subscale of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Oral health was assessed using five indicators: caries, extraction, restorations, gingival bleeding, and presence of teeth in poor condition (e.g. broken or misaligned). Logistic regressions were used to examine the association between the presence of ADHD symptoms and oral health indicators. These models were adjusted for sociodemographic factors, lifestyle variables, and oral hygiene behaviors relating to both the children and their parents.RESULTSCompared to children without ADHD symptoms, children with ADHD symptoms had a higher risk of caries (fully adjusted odds ratio: 2.16; 95% confidence interval: 1.66-2.82), extraction (1.42; 1.09-1.85), restoration (1.47; 1.19-1.82) and gingival bleeding (1.64; 1.11-2.41). The increased risk of caries was maintained when the analyses were restricted to middle/high social class families and to children with low sugar intake, good oral hygiene behaviors and regular dental visits.CONCLUSIONSChildren with ADHD symptoms in Spain had worse oral health indicators than those without ADHD symptoms. Our results suggest that the association of ADHD symptoms with caries was independent of socioeconomic level, cariogenic diet, frequency of toothbrushing and dental visits.","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Erratum. 勘误。
IF 2.9 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1159/000540229
{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000540229","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cross-Sectional Associations between Nutrient Intake and Tooth Decay in Older Australian Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. 标题:澳大利亚老年男性营养素摄入量与蛀牙之间的横断面关联:协和男性健康与老龄化项目。
IF 2.9 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1159/000531454
Kate Milledge, Robert G Cumming, Fredrick A C Wright, Vasi Naganathan, Fiona M Blyth, David G Le Couteur, Louise M Waite, David J Handelsman, Vasant Hirani
{"title":"Cross-Sectional Associations between Nutrient Intake and Tooth Decay in Older Australian Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project.","authors":"Kate Milledge, Robert G Cumming, Fredrick A C Wright, Vasi Naganathan, Fiona M Blyth, David G Le Couteur, Louise M Waite, David J Handelsman, Vasant Hirani","doi":"10.1159/000531454","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000531454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor nutrition is a risk factor for dental decay in younger people. However, except for sugar, it is unclear if this is true in older age groups. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible associations between overall dietary intake of nutrients and diet quality and the presence of dental decay in community-dwelling older men. A cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal study with a standardized validated diet history assessment and comprehensive oral health examination in 520 community-dwelling men (mean age: 84 years) participating in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. Nutrient reference values were used to determine if individual micronutrients and macronutrients were meeting recommendations. Acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs) were attained for fat and carbohydrate intakes and were incorporated into a dichotomous variable to determine if the participants were consuming a high fat-low carbohydrate diet. Diagnosis of coronal caries was based on visual criteria and inspection and was completed on each of the five coronal surfaces. Root surface caries was textual changes across four root surfaces. This diagnosis was used to categorize participants by the presence and severity of coronal and root caries. The adjusted logistic regression showed not meeting the recommended intakes for thiamin (odds ratio [OR]: 2.32 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-4.67), and zinc (OR: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.71-6.48) were associated with presence of severe root decay. Adjusted analysis also showed that participants who were outside the recommended AMDR for fat (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38-0.98) and those who consumed a high fat and low carbohydrate diet (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35-0.91) were less likely to have coronal tooth decay. Our study shows associations between micronutrients and macronutrients and coronal and root surface decay. Although this study cannot prescribe causality or be generalized to all older adults, diet has a possible association with dental decay in older men.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"488-501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Nitrate and Nitrite on Plaque pH Decrease and Nitrite-Producing and -Degrading Activities of Plaque in vitro. 硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐对牙菌斑 pH 值下降以及牙菌斑体外亚硝酸盐生成和降解活性的影响。
IF 2.9 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1159/000540017
Yuji Yamamoto, Jumpei Washio, Koichi Shimizu, Nobuhiro Takahashi
{"title":"Effects of Nitrate and Nitrite on Plaque pH Decrease and Nitrite-Producing and -Degrading Activities of Plaque in vitro.","authors":"Yuji Yamamoto, Jumpei Washio, Koichi Shimizu, Nobuhiro Takahashi","doi":"10.1159/000540017","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nitrate and nitrite on the pH-lowering activity of human plaque, the nitrite-producing and -degrading activities of human plaque, and their correlation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nitrate and nitrite were added to human plaque suspensions collected from the buccal aspect of maxillary molars of patients visiting a general dental clinic, and changes in pH were measured with and without glucose addition. Nitrite-producing and -degrading activities were evaluated by adding nitrate and nitrite to the plaque suspension and measuring the increase and decrease in nitrite with Griess reagent, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The addition of nitrate inhibited both endogenous and glucose-induced plaque pH-lowering. The addition of glucose enhanced the production of nitrite from nitrate by about 3.3-fold. The addition of nitrite also inhibited endogenous plaque pH-lowering, but the addition of glucose promoted nitrite degradation by only about 1.1-fold. Nitrite-producing activity was positively correlated with age, but not with nitrite-degrading activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that nitrite was produced from nitrate and inhibited the pH-lowering activity of human plaque, which may contribute to caries control. Both nitrite-producing and -degrading activities occurred in human plaque, but no correlation was found between them. Furthermore, nitrite production was enhanced by glucose metabolism, which may function as a self-regulatory mechanism (resilience) to prevent excessive acidification by glucose metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"552-561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Association between Lead Exposure and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. 铅暴露与龋齿之间的关系 - 系统综述。
IF 2.9 2区 医学
Caries Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1159/000537826
Gajin Lee, Yijia Zhang, Qiannan Yang, Meghan Angley, Liping Lu, Ka Kahe
{"title":"The Association between Lead Exposure and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Gajin Lee, Yijia Zhang, Qiannan Yang, Meghan Angley, Liping Lu, Ka Kahe","doi":"10.1159/000537826","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental caries has declined over the years, but it remains a major public health issue. This review aimed to investigate the association between lead (Pb) and caries experience in either deciduous or permanent teeth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar was conducted to identify relevant studies published up until December 2022. Included were human observational studies that investigated the association between Pb exposure and dental caries. The review adhered to the PRISMA guideline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen studies were included in this review, with nine focusing on deciduous teeth, thirteen on permanent teeth, and six examining both types of teeth. Most of the studies (5 of 6) found a positive association between blood lead (PbB) levels and caries in deciduous teeth, while the findings for permanent teeth were less conclusive, with only 3 of 10 studies finding an association. One of the two studies assessing salivary lead levels found a weak association for permanent teeth. All four studies that measured Pb concentration from teeth found a positive association for both deciduous and permanent teeth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many published studies have indicated a positive association between Pb exposure and caries experience in deciduous dentition. Children with elevated PbB level should be considered having higher caries experience. Due to lack of consensus on measurement and examination technique, there remains insufficient evidence to make any definitive conclusions, especially in permanent dentition, and so more studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139734579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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