Cancer Biology & Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Advances and challenges in gastric cancer testing: the role of biomarkers.","authors":"Yu Sun, Pavitratha Puspanathan, Tony Lim, Dongmei Lin","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0386","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in the identification of molecular biomarkers and the development of targeted therapies have enhanced the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer. Several established biomarkers have been widely integrated into routine clinical diagnostics of gastric cancer to guide personalized treatment. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was the first molecular biomarker to be used in gastric cancer with trastuzumab being the first approved targeted therapy for HER2-positive gastric cancer. Programmed death-ligand 1 positivity and microsatellite instability can guide the use of immunotherapies, such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab. More recently, zolbetuximab has been approved for patients with claudin 18.2-positive diseases in some countries. More targeted therapies, including savolitinib for MET-positive patients, are currently under clinical investigation. However, the clinical application of these diagnostic approaches could be hampered by many existing challenges, including invasive and costly sampling methods, variability in immunohistochemistry interpretation, high costs and long turnaround times for next-generation sequencing, the absence of standardized and clinically validated diagnostic cut-off values for some biomarkers, and tumor heterogeneity. Novel testing and analysis techniques, such as artificial intelligence-assisted image analysis and multiplex immunohistochemistry, and emerging therapeutic strategies, including combination therapies that integrate immune checkpoint inhibitors with targeted therapies, offer potential solutions to some of these challenges. This article reviews recent progress in gastric cancer testing, outlines current challenges, and explores future directions for biomarker testing and targeted therapy for gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DB-1310, a HER3-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, has synergistic anti-tumor activity with trastuzumab in HER2- and HER3-expressing breast cancer.","authors":"Xi Li, Liwen Liang, Zhongyuan Zhu, Haiqing Hua, Yang Qiu","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0586","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0586","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the DNA damage response and tumor drug resistance.","authors":"Xiaolu Ma, Zina Cheng, Caixia Guo","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0020","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous R-DA-EDOCH alternated with high-dose Ara-C induces deep remission and overcomes high-risk factors in young patients with newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma.","authors":"Yi Wang, Yuting Yan, Dandan Shan, Jiawen Chen, Wei Liu, Tingyu Wang, Gang An, Weiwei Sui, Wenyang Huang, Wenjie Xiong, Huimin Liu, Qi Sun, Huijun Wang, Zhijian Xiao, Jianxiang Wang, Lugui Qiu, Dehui Zou, Shuhua Yi","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0200","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our previous studies have indicated potentially higher proliferative activity of tumor cells in Chinese patients with mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL) than those in Western. Given the success and tolerability of R-DA-EDOCH immunochemotherapy in treating aggressive B-cell lymphomas, we designed a prospective, phase 3 trial to explore the efficacy and safety of alternating R-DA-EDOCH/R-DHAP induction therapy for young patients with newly diagnosed MCL. The primary endpoint was the complete remission rate (CRR) at the end of induction (EOI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 55 patients were enrolled. The CRR at the EOI was 89.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 78%-96%], and the overall response rate was 98.1% (95% CI 90%-100%). Most patients with bone marrow involvement quickly attained minimal residual disease (MRD) negative status, with a 95.7% rate at the EOI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates were 66.3% and 83.2%, respectively. No patients discontinued treatment because of adverse events. Univariate analysis identified pathologic morphology and TP53 mutations as risk factors for PFS. However, high tumor proliferative activity and certain cytogenetic abnormalities showed no significant adverse prognostic significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intensive therapy based on a high cytarabine dose and continuously administered EDOCH achieved a high MRD-negative rate and provides an optional induction choice for young patients with MCL with high-risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in gut microbiota-related treatment strategies for managing colorectal cancer in humans.","authors":"Bhaskar Roy, Kunfeng Cao, Chabungbam Orville Singh, Xiaodong Fang, Huanming Yang, Dong Wei","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0263","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to global cancer-related mortality with increasing incidence rates in both developed and developing regions. Therefore, CRC presents a significant challenge to global health. The development of innovative tools for enhancing early CRC screening and diagnosis, along with novel treatments and therapies for improved management, remains an urgent necessity. CRC is intricately associated with the gut microbiota, which is integral to food digestion, nutrient generation, drug metabolism, metabolite production, immune enhancement, endocrine regulation, neurogenesis modulation, and the maintenance of physiologic and psychological equilibrium. Dysbiosis or imbalances in the gut microbiome have been implicated in various disorders, including CRC. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of the gut microbiome in CRC pathogenesis and treatment, which presents potential opportunities for early detection and diagnosis. Despite substantial advances in understanding the relationship between the gut microbiota and CRC, significant challenges persist. Gaining a deeper and more detailed understanding of the interactions between the human microbiota and cancer is essential to fully realize the potential of the microbiota in cancer management. Unlike genetic factors, the gut microbiome is subject to modification, offering a promising avenue for the development of CRC treatments and drug discovery. This review provides an overview of the interactions between the human gut microbiome and CRC, while examining prospects for precision management of CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erianin inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer cells by suppressing mTOR activation and disrupting pyrimidine metabolism.","authors":"Lili Yan, Yanfen Liu, Yufei Huang, Xiaoyu Sun, Haiyang Jiang, Jie Gu, Jing Xia, Xueni Sun, Xinbing Sui","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0385","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Erianin has potential anticancer activities, especially against lung cancer. The specific mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer effects, including the molecular targets and signaling pathways in lung cancer, remain poorly understood and necessitate further investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lung cancer cell viability was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to examine the effects of erianin on apoptosis and cell cycle progression. mRNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis were utilized to explore erianin-induced biological changes. Potential targets were identified and validated through molecular docking and Western blot analysis. The roles of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase/aspartate transcarbamylase/dihydroorotase (CAD) in erianin-induced growth inhibition were studied using gene overexpression/knockdown techniques with uridine and aspartate supplementation confirming pyrimidine metabolism involvement. Additionally, lung cancer-bearing nude mouse models were established to evaluate the anti-lung cancer effects of erianin <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Erianin significantly inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer cells, induces apoptosis, and causes G₂/M phase cell cycle arrest. Integrative analysis of mRNA sequencing and metabolomics data demonstrated that erianin disrupts pyrimidine metabolism in lung cancer cells. Notably, uridine supplementation mitigated the inhibitory effects of erianin, establishing a connection between pyrimidine metabolism and anticancer activity. Network pharmacology analyses identified mTOR as a key target of erianin. Erianin inhibited mTOR phosphorylation, thereby blocking downstream effectors (S6K and CAD), which are essential regulators of pyrimidine metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Erianin is a promising therapeutic candidate for lung cancer. Erianin likely inhibits lung cancer cell growth by disrupting pyrimidine metabolism by suppressing mTOR activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updates to the 2024 CSCO advanced non-small cell lung cancer guidelines.","authors":"Jiale Wang, Tianyu Qiu, Shengxiang Ren","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0497","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0497","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (CSCO NSCLC) guidelines in 2024: key update on the management of early and locally advanced NSCLC.","authors":"Siyuan Chen, Zhijie Wang, Boyang Sun","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0592","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0592","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel BaEVRless-LV packaging system for the production of lentiviral vectors for clinical-grade CAR-NK cell manufacturing.","authors":"Yinyin Zhang, Minghuan Zhang, Mengyuan Li, Lihong Zong, Qian Ye, Wen Lei, Wenhai Deng, Wenbin Qian","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0551","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0551","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved treatment of colorectal liver metastases by early response evaluation and regimen adjustment: a prospective study of clinical functional MR-based modeling.","authors":"Wenhua Li, Huan Zhang, Zhe Gong, Yue Li, Zhiyu Chen, Xiaodong Zhu, Mingzhu Huang, Zhe Zhang, Chenchen Wang, Lixin Qiu, Qirong Geng, Jinjia Chang, Xiaoying Zhao, Xuedan Sheng, Wen Zhang, Tong Tong, Weijian Guo","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0389","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of functional MR in predicting the clinical response to chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 196 eligible patients were enrolled in the study between August 2016 and January 2023. Functional MR was performed at baseline and after one cycle of chemotherapy. The diffusion kurtosis radiomic texture features were extracted and a signature model was built using the R package. The initial 100 cases were designated as the training set, the following 48 cases were designated as the validation set, and the final 48 cases were designated as the intervention validation set.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Good performance for the response prediction (AUC = 0.818 in the training set and 0.755 in the validation set) was demonstrated. The objective response rates (ORRs) in the high-risk subgroup were significantly lower than the low-risk subgroup in the training and validation sets. Worse progression-free survival and overall survival rates were noted in the high-risk population. In the intervention set 22.9% (11/48) of the chemotherapy regimens for patients were changed in response to the model-predicted results and the ORR reached 77.1% (37/48), which was significantly higher than the training and validation sets [47.97% (71/148); <i>P</i> = 0.000].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A functional MR signature effectively predicted the chemotherapy response and long-term survival. The adjustment of the regimen guided by the model significantly improved the ORR.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}