{"title":"Progress in oncolytic viruses modified with nanomaterials for intravenous application.","authors":"Liting Chen, Zhijun Ma, Chen Xu, Youbang Xie, Defang Ouyang, Shuhui Song, Xiao Zhao, Funan Liu","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0275","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In oncolytic virus (OV) therapy, a critical component of tumor immunotherapy, viruses selectively infect, replicate within, and eventually destroy tumor cells. Simultaneously, this therapy activates immune responses and mobilizes immune cells, thereby eliminating residual or distant cancer cells. However, because of OVs' high immunogenicity and immune clearance during circulation, their clinical applications are currently limited to intratumoral injections, and their use is severely restricted. In recent years, numerous studies have used nanomaterials to modify OVs to decrease virulence and increase safety for intravenous injection. The most commonly used nanomaterials for modifying OVs are liposomes, polymers, and albumin, because of their biosafety, practicability, and effectiveness. The aim of this review is to summarize progress in the use of these nanomaterials in preclinical experiments to modify OVs and to discuss the challenges encountered from basic research to clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10690878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138447220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaorong Fu, Yi Zhang, Qing Luo, Yang Ju, Guanbin Song
{"title":"Targeting the mechano-microenvironment and liver cancer stem cells: a promising therapeutic strategy for liver cancer.","authors":"Xiaorong Fu, Yi Zhang, Qing Luo, Yang Ju, Guanbin Song","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0229","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past 2 decades, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified as the root cause of cancer occurrence, progression, chemoradioresistance, recurrence, and metastasis. Targeting CSCs is a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer management and treatment. Liver cancer (LC) is a malignant disease that can endanger human health. Studies are increasingly suggesting that changes in the liver mechanical microenvironment are a primary driver triggering the occurrence and development of liver cancer. In this review, we summarize current understanding of the roles of the liver mechano-microenvironment and liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) in liver cancer progression. We also discuss the relationship between the mechanical heterogeneity of liver cancer tissues and LCSC recruitment and metastasis. Finally, we highlight potential mechanosensitive molecules in LCSCs and mechanotherapy in liver cancer. Understanding the roles and regulatory mechanisms of the mechano-microenvironment and LCSCs may provide fundamental insights into liver cancer progression and aid in further development of novel therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10690881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138447222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maxim Petrovich Nikulin, Nadezhda Vladimirovna Shilova, Alexander Dmitrievich Lipatnikov, Ivan Sokratovich Stilidi, Alexandra Vladimirovna Semyanikhina, Nikolai Vladimirovich Bovin, Nikolai Nikolaevich Tupitsyn
{"title":"Innate IgM antibodies to mannose in patients with gastric cancer.","authors":"Maxim Petrovich Nikulin, Nadezhda Vladimirovna Shilova, Alexander Dmitrievich Lipatnikov, Ivan Sokratovich Stilidi, Alexandra Vladimirovna Semyanikhina, Nikolai Vladimirovich Bovin, Nikolai Nikolaevich Tupitsyn","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0156","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10976321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bacterial therapy: a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy.","authors":"Yinsong Wang","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0292","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10690880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107592996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Repurposing drugs for solid tumor treatment: focus on immune checkpoint inhibitors.","authors":"Qingxu Liu, Long Li, Wan Qin, Tengfei Chao","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0281","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer remains a significant global health challenge with limited treatment options beyond systemic therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality but the efficacy has plateaued, which therefore provides limited benefits to patients with cancer. Identification of more effective approaches to improve patient outcomes and extend survival are urgently needed. Drug repurposing has emerged as an attractive strategy for drug development and has recently garnered considerable interest. This review comprehensively analyses the efficacy of various repurposed drugs, such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) inhibitors, metformin, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) inhibitors, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), thymosin α1 (Tα1), aspirin, and bisphosphonate, in tumorigenesis with a specific focus on their impact on tumor immunology and immunotherapy. Additionally, we present a concise overview of the current preclinical and clinical studies investigating the potential therapeutic synergies achieved by combining these agents with immune checkpoint inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10690875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71478437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TNFSF15 facilitates the differentiation of CD11b<sup>+</sup> myeloid cells into vascular pericytes in tumors.","authors":"Xiangxiang Gu, Yipan Zhu, Cancan Zhao, Yixin Cao, Jingying Wang, Qiangzhe Zhang, Luyuan Li","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0245","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Immature vasculature lacking pericyte coverage substantially contributes to tumor growth, drug resistance, and cancer cell dissemination. We previously demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15 (TNFSF15) is a cytokine with important roles in modulating hematopoiesis and vascular homeostasis. The main purpose of this study was to explore whether TNFSF15 might promote freshly isolated myeloid cells to differentiate into CD11b<sup>+</sup> cells and further into pericytes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A model of Lewis lung cancer was established in mice with red fluorescent bone marrow. After TNFSF15 treatment, CD11b<sup>+</sup> myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in the tumors, and the co-localization of pericytes and vascular endothelial cells, were assessed. Additionally, CD11b<sup>+</sup> cells were isolated from wild-type mice and treated with TNFSF15 to determine the effects on the differentiation of these cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed elevated percentages of bone marrow-derived CD11b<sup>+</sup> myeloid cells and vascular pericytes in TNFSF15-treated tumors, and the latter cells co-localized with vascular endothelial cells. TNFSF15 protected against CD11b<sup>+</sup> cell apoptosis and facilitated the differentiation of these cells into pericytes by down-regulating Wnt3a-VEGFR1 and up-regulating CD49e-FN signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TNFSF15 facilitates the production of CD11b<sup>+</sup> cells in the bone marrow and promotes the differentiation of these cells into pericytes, which may stabilize the tumor neovasculature.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10690882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71429607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qi Zhang, Jian Li, Lin Shen, Yongsheng Li, Xicheng Wang
{"title":"Opportunities and challenges of immunotherapy for dMMR/MSI-H colorectal cancer.","authors":"Qi Zhang, Jian Li, Lin Shen, Yongsheng Li, Xicheng Wang","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0240","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0240","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) with mismatch-repair deficiency (dMMR) is a distinct molecular subgroup of tumors that is characterized by a diminished capacity to correct base-pair mismatches in DNA, which leads to changes in microsatellite sequences and results in high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) accompanied by hypermutation 1 . The incidence of dMMR/ MSI-H in patients with CRC has been reported to be 15% (12% with sporadic disease and 3% with Lynch syndrome). The incidence varies by stage, with 20% in stage II, 10%–15% in stage III, and 3%–5% in stage IV 2 . Despite the presence of numerous neoantigens that promote tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the microenvironment, dMMR/MSI-H CRC also exhibits significantly increased expression of immune checkpoints, such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 3 . Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has been shown to have high sensitivity for dMMR/MSI-H metastatic CRC (mCRC). Additionally, promising results have been obtained in several trials involving locally advanced dMMR/MSI-H CRC. As the search of ICIs for dMMR/MSI-H CRC treatment continues, clinical practice faces numerous opportunities and challenges ( Figure 1 ).","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}