Cancer Biology & Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The interplay between RNA m6A modification and radiation biology of cancerous and non-cancerous tissues: a narrative review.","authors":"Yajia Cheng, Yue Shang, Shuqin Zhang, Saijun Fan","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0415","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diverse radiation types in medical treatments and the natural environment elicit complex biological effects on both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. Radiation therapy (RT) induces oncological responses, from molecular to phenotypic alterations, while simultaneously exerting toxic effects on healthy tissue. N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A), a prevalent modification on coding and non-coding RNAs, is a key epigenetic mark established by a set of evolutionarily conserved enzymes. The interplay between m⁶A modification and radiobiology of cancerous and non-cancerous tissues merits in-depth investigation. This review summarizes the roles of m⁶A in the biological effects induced by ionizing radiation and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It begins with an overview of m⁶A modification and its detection methods, followed by a detailed examination of how m⁶A dynamically regulates the sensitivity of cancerous tissues to RT, the injury response in non-cancerous tissues, and the toxicological effects of UV exposure. Notably, this review underscores the importance of novel regulatory mechanisms of m⁶A and their potential clinical applications in identifying epigenetically modulated radiation-associated biomarkers for cancer therapy and estimation of radiation dosages. In conclusion, enzyme-mediated m⁶A-modification triggers alterations in target gene expression by affecting the metabolism of the modified RNAs, thus modulating progression and radiosensitivity in cancerous tissues, as well as radiation effects on normal tissues. Several promising avenues for future research are further discussed. This review highlights the importance of m⁶A modification in the context of radiation biology. Targeting epi-transcriptomic molecules might potentially provide a novel strategy for enhancing the radiosensitivity of cancerous tissues and mitigating radiation-induced injury to normal tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":"21 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving systemic delivery of oncolytic virus by cellular carriers.","authors":"Ziyi Peng, Muhammad Kalim, Yong Lu","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) is a promising option for cancer treatment. OVT involves selective oncolytic virus (OV) replication within cancer cells, which triggers anti-tumor responses and immunostimulation. Despite promising potential, OVT faces critical challenges, including insufficient tumor-specific targeting, which results in limited tumor penetration and variability in therapeutic efficacy. These challenges are particularly pronounced in solid tumors with complex microenvironments and heterogeneous vascularization. A comprehensive research program is currently underway to develop and refine innovative delivery methods to address these issues to enhance OVT precision and efficacy. A principal area of investigation is the utilization of cellular carriers to enhance the delivery and distribution of OVs within tumor microenvironments, thereby optimizing immune system activation and maximizing anti-tumor effects. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the current strategies that are being used to enhance the delivery of OVs via cellular carriers with the goal of improving the clinical impact of OVT in cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":"21 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of disease characteristics and treatment patterns among patients with esophageal cancer across 14 surgically represented centers.","authors":"Zhihao Lu, Mingfei Geng, Yongtao Han, Jianzhong Cao, Jun Wang, Tianshu Liu, Xianglin Yuan, Xue Meng, Yanqiao Zhang, Rong Zhao, Lixin Wan, Enxiao Li, Wenran Wang, Zhijie Li, Danfeng Shi, Jing Qian, Si Shi, Fengshi Dong, Lin Shen","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0336","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Esophageal cancer (EC) ranks eighth among cancers in cancer-related deaths globally, and ~44% of new cases occur in China. We sought to describe the clinical characteristics and treatment landscape of EC in China before the approval of immunotherapy in 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CHANNEL was a large, retrospective study using patient-level data from 14 hospitals/cancer centers across China, including adults initiating therapy for newly diagnosed EC (January to December 2018). Demographics, clinicopathologic characteristics, and treatment patterns over 6 months were descriptively summarized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 3,493 patients, 75.7% were men, the mean age was 64.1 years, and 75.0% had no family history of cancer. Most (92.8%) had squamous cell carcinoma, with a primary lesion in the middle esophagus (56.4%). Among patients with resectable EC, 92.9% received initial surgery, and 7.1% received neoadjuvant therapy, primarily chemotherapy (85.5% platinum-taxane). Among patients with unresectable early or locally advanced EC, 50.8% and 49.2% received palliative and radical therapy, respectively, as the initial treatment, primarily chemotherapy (66.5% platinum-taxane) and chemoradiotherapy (50.8% platinum-taxane), respectively. Adjuvant therapy was administered to 22.9% of patients undergoing initial surgery, and 2.4% receiving neoadjuvant therapy and surgery. Among patients with advanced EC, 84.6% received systemic therapy as an initial treatment, primarily chemotherapy (61.5% platinum-taxane).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Before the approval of immunotherapy in China, most patients with resectable early or locally advanced EC underwent radical surgery without preoperative treatment, whereas most patients with advanced EC received platinum-taxane chemotherapy. These findings highlight the need for novel EC treatments before immunotherapy was introduced, and provide a baseline for evaluating the benefits of immunotherapy, now that this treatment is widely used in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":"21 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local consolidative therapy in oligometastatic non-small-cell lung cancer after effective systemic treatment: who will benefit?","authors":"Jiayi Deng, Mingyi Yang, Qing Zhou","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0456","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142945121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of intraoperative radiation therapy using a low-energy X-ray source for resectable pancreatic cancer: an interim evaluation of an ongoing prospective phase II study.","authors":"Xingyun Chen, Shuo Li, Chuntao Gao, Wei Wang, Haorui Li, Yuxiao Liu, Rui Liu, Jihui Hao","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The role of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in the management of resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) remains unclear. To date, the application of IORT using a low-energy X-ray source has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IORT using a 50 kV X-ray source in treating RPC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with RPC who underwent radical pancreatectomy and IORT were enrolled. The primary endpoint was time to treatment failure (TTF) survival, whereas the secondary endpoints were safety and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By November 2023, 35 patients with RPC were treated according to the study protocol. The median TTF was 11.67 months, whereas the median OS for the cohort was 22.2 months. The local recurrence rate was 20%. The most common postoperative complication was pancreatic fistula. The incidence of delayed gastric emptying was 20%. Within 30 days after surgery, one patient experienced abdominal pain, another experienced vomiting, and one died because of abdominal infection and a grade C pancreatic fistula. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and D-dimer levels significantly correlated with TTF and OS in multivariate analyses. The carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level was another prognostic factor significantly associated with OS. Patients with low D-dimer and normal CA19-9 levels showed prolonged OS with an IORT dose ≤ 15 Gy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study supports use of IORT with a 50 kV X-ray source in treating RPC. IORT using a low-energy X-ray source was well-tolerated and feasible. Additionally, D-dimer, CEA, and CA19-9 levels may help identify patient profiles potentially benefitting from IORT.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment strategies for advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms: current status and future prospects.","authors":"Sisi Ye, Juan Li, Jianming Xu","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0507","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing precision medicine: the transformative role of artificial intelligence in immunogenomics, radiomics, and pathomics for biomarker discovery and immunotherapy optimization.","authors":"Luchen Chang, Jiamei Liu, Jialin Zhu, Shuyue Guo, Yao Wang, Zhiwei Zhou, Xi Wei","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is significantly advancing precision medicine, particularly in the fields of immunogenomics, radiomics, and pathomics. In immunogenomics, AI can process vast amounts of genomic and multi-omic data to identify biomarkers associated with immunotherapy responses and disease prognosis, thus providing strong support for personalized treatments. In radiomics, AI can analyze high-dimensional features from computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images to discover imaging biomarkers associated with tumor heterogeneity, treatment response, and disease progression, thereby enabling non-invasive, real-time assessments for personalized therapy. Pathomics leverages AI for deep analysis of digital pathology images, and can uncover subtle changes in tissue microenvironments, cellular characteristics, and morphological features, and offer unique insights into immunotherapy response prediction and biomarker discovery. These AI-driven technologies not only enhance the speed, accuracy, and robustness of biomarker discovery but also significantly improve the precision, personalization, and effectiveness of clinical treatments, and are driving a shift from empirical to precision medicine. Despite challenges such as data quality, model interpretability, integration of multi-modal data, and privacy protection, the ongoing advancements in AI, coupled with interdisciplinary collaboration, are poised to further enhance AI's roles in biomarker discovery and immunotherapy response prediction. These improvements are expected to lead to more accurate, personalized treatment strategies and ultimately better patient outcomes, marking a significant step forward in the evolution of precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the lysine lactylome for the treatment of glioma.","authors":"Di Wang, Guanzhang Li, Tao Jiang, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0461","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0461","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifaceted efforts of governments, medical institutions, and financial organizations contribute to reducing the health inequality caused by economic differences.","authors":"Fangshi Xu, Hangyu Fu, Jiancang Ma","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0402","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0402","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of immunosuppressants on tumor pulmonary metastasis: new insight into transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Jinyan Chen, Huigang Li, Jianyong Zhuo, Zuyuan Lin, Zhihang Hu, Chiyu He, Xiang Wu, Yiru Jin, Zhanyi Lin, Renyi Su, Yiyang Sun, Rongsen Wang, Jiancai Sun, Xuyong Wei, Shusen Zheng, Di Lu, Xiao Xu","doi":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0267","DOIUrl":"10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary metastasis is a life-threatening complication for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing liver transplantation (LT). In addition to the common mechanisms underlying tumor metastasis, another inevitable factor is that the application of immunosuppressive agents, including calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) and rapamycin inhibitors (mTORis), after transplantation could influence tumor recurrence and metastasis. In recent years, several studies have reported that mTORis, unlike CNIs, have the capacity to modulate the tumorigenic landscape post-liver transplantation by targeting metastasis-initiating cells and reshaping the pulmonary microenvironment. Therefore, we focused on the effects of immunosuppressive agents on the lung metastatic microenvironment and how mTORis impact tumor growth in distant organs. This revelation has provided profound insights into transplant oncology, leading to a renewed understanding of the use of immunosuppressants after LT for HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9611,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biology & Medicine","volume":"21 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}