Case Reports in Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Lumbar Epidural Cystic Lesion Associated With <i>Finegoldia magna</i> Discitis Presenting as Cauda Equina Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Michael Doarn, Jessica Chastain, Tantien Nguyen, Odion Binitie, John Small","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9659608","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/9659608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study design: </strong>A case report of a lumbar epidural cystic lesion associated with discitis presenting with cauda equina syndrome.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe a rare presentation of a lumbar epidural cystic lesion associated with <i>Finegoldia magna</i> discitis presenting with cauda equina syndrome, discuss diagnostic considerations, and highlight the overlap between cystic lesions and infectious epidural pathology.</p><p><strong>Summary of background data: </strong>Discal cysts are uncommon epidural lesions that typically communicate with the intervertebral disc and present with radiculopathy. Severe neurological deficits are unusual, but infectious causes should remain in the differential when findings are atypical. When cauda equina syndrome is suspected, emergent diagnosis and treatment are imperative.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 41-year-old male presented with persistent low back pain, bilateral lower extremity radiculopathy, saddle anesthesia, and bowel and bladder changes consistent with cauda equina syndrome. He reported no history of trauma or infectious symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 1.6 × 1.1 cm cystic mass at the L4-L5 disc level that extended into the spinal canal, along with an L5-S1 central disc herniation. He underwent emergent decompression and debridement of the L4-L5 disc space.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histologic examination showed benign fibrocartilaginous tissue compatible with intervertebral disc material, and cultures grew <i>Finegoldia magna</i> (formerly known as <i>Peptostreptococcus magnus</i>). His neurologic symptoms and pain improved immediately after surgery, and he was discharged home on postoperative day four. He was followed clinically and with repeat magnetic resonance imaging, which demonstrated resolution of the cyst and discitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lumbar disc-associated epidural cystic lesions are rare but should be considered in the differential diagnoses in patients with lumbar radiculopathy and/or cauda equina syndrome, and urgent decompression should be performed. This case highlights diagnostic overlap between discal cyst and infectious epidural pathology.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9659608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13527632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</i> as a Causative Organism in Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Case Report.","authors":"Vincent K Melemai, Ryan J Blake, Adam E Klein, Allison M Lastinger","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6158663","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/6158663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</i> (<i>H. parainfluenzae</i>) is rare in periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). While many cases are associated with a prior history suggestive of an oral source, many occur without an identifiable source or exposure. We review two patients who had concerns for PJI, later identified as <i>H. parainfluenzae</i> through intraoperative cultures.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>Two patients presented with complaints of knee pain. The first, a 54-year-old male, was found on admission to have a knee PJI. The patient underwent debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) and was discharged on intravenous (IV) ceftriaxone after <i>H. parainfluenzae</i> was isolated on culture, with no resistance reported on susceptibilities. However, approximately 4 weeks later, the patient underwent a second DAIR due to persistent swelling and redness; cultures were negative at the time of the second surgery. He was treated with IV vancomycin and cefepime and placed on cefadroxil suppression therapy without additional surgery. The second patient, an 80-year-old male, had a history of prior knee PJI, methicillin-resistant <i>staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) in 2009 and <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in 2015. He presented with a draining sinus and pain over his knee. Resection arthroplasty and above knee amputation were offered, but he would only consent to DAIR; intraoperative cultures showed <i>H. parainfluenzae</i>. He was treated with IV ceftriaxone postoperatively and then oral suppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Due to increasing resistance in this species worldwide, consideration should be taken when choosing antimicrobial therapy for <i>H. parainfluenzae</i>. From the limited data available, patients with PJI secondary to <i>H. parainfluenzae</i> have a better prognosis compared to PJI with other Gram-negative organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6158663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13522984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Concurrent With Mpox Presenting With Proctitis and Disseminated Skin Lesions: A Case Report.","authors":"Kosuke Sato, Yukihiro Yoshimura, Yuna So, Nobuyuki Miyata, Yuichiro Hirata, Tadaki Suzuki, Harutaka Katano, Naomi Matsumura","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6286604","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/6286604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The concurrent presentation of mpox and acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is uncommon and may be difficult to recognize because the two conditions share nonspecific early manifestations, including fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and pharyngeal symptoms. Mpox-associated anorectal disease may further complicate diagnosis when patients initially present with severe anal pain or proctitis-like findings.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A previously healthy 29-year-old Japanese man presented with fever, malaise, severe anal pain, and disseminated pustular skin lesions. He initially visited a specialized proctology hospital, where lower endoscopic examination demonstrated circumferential ulceration extending from the dentate line into the anal canal, erythematous and edematous rectal mucosa, and firm circumferential submucosal induration. The anorectal lesion was initially considered to represent a hemorrhoidal fistula. He subsequently visited the emergency department and received valacyclovir for suspected herpes simplex virus infection before referral to the infectious diseases department. Mpox was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction testing of skin lesions. In addition, monkeypox virus DNA was detected in the anorectal biopsy specimen, and immunohistochemical staining demonstrated viral antigen in the tissue. HIV testing showed a reactive fourth-generation antigen/antibody screening assay, a negative HIV-1/2 antibody differentiation assay, and a plasma HIV RNA level of 7.9 × 10⁶ copies/mL. Follow-up testing demonstrated HIV seroconversion, confirming acute HIV infection. He was managed as an outpatient, and his mpox symptoms resolved with supportive care. Antiretroviral therapy was subsequently initiated, with no worsening of mpox or evidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Concurrent acute HIV infection and mpox can present with overlapping systemic, cutaneous, and anorectal manifestations. This case highlights the importance of integrating lesion morphology, anorectal findings, epidemiological history, and virological testing when evaluating patients with suspected sexually transmitted viral infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6286604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late-Onset <i>Salmonella</i> Abscess of a Silicone Breast Implant Presenting 40 Years After Augmentation.","authors":"Bennett Schackmuth, Paula Santo, Jonathan Livingston, Jacob Nichols","doi":"10.1155/crdi/7398033","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/7398033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a rare case of breast implant infection due to <i>Salmonella</i> species in a 74-year-old woman who underwent breast augmentation in 1985. Forty years later, in 2025, she developed sudden left breast edema, pain, and fever. She denies any previous gastrointestinal symptoms. She was prescribed oral antibiotics without any improvement, and she was subsequently admitted to the hospital and was started on broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. CT scan of the chest revealed dermal thickening of the left breast consistent with cellulitis, a fluid collection concerning for a developing abscess, and a possible implant rupture. She then underwent incision and drainage of the left breast with implant removal. Intraoperative cultures grew 4+ <i>Salmonella</i> species<i>.</i> She was switched to oral levofloxacin for a total of 2 weeks and discharged home with wound care, with subsequent clinical improvement. In our patient, the source of the <i>Salmonella</i> infection is not clear, and it was an unexpected finding. This underscores the important role of obtaining intraoperative cultures in all cases of breast implant infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7398033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13482031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Case of Candidemia With Fluconazole-Resistant <i>Candida albicans</i> and Y132H Mutations in <i>ERG11</i> Gene From Pakistan.","authors":"Nosheen Nasir, Joveria Farooqi, Iffat Khanum, Sadaf Zaka, Shariqa Batool, Najia Ghanchi, Kauser Jabeen","doi":"10.1155/crdi/2911301","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/2911301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida albicans</i> is one of the critical priority fungal pathogens as classified by the World Health Organization. Fluconazole resistance in <i>C. albicans</i> is increasingly being reported from different parts of the world. The epidemiology of antifungal resistance in Pakistan is evolving. While fluconazole resistance is rarely reported in invasive candidemia, it has been identified in noninvasive <i>Candida</i> isolates. Here, we describe the first case of candidemia with fluconazole-resistant <i>C</i>. <i>albicans</i> with Y132H mutations in the <i>ERG11</i> gene from Pakistan. A 36-year-old male patient with comorbid conditions, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and a recent history of critical COVID-19 pneumonia, presented to the hospital emergency department with septic shock secondary to Fournier's gangrene. Blood culture confirmed fluconazole-resistant <i>C. albicans</i>. Our case report underscores the urgent need for antifungal stewardship to prevent the escalating issue of antifungal resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2911301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13470679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Vein Thrombosis Secondary to Brucellosis: An Uncommon Infectious Cause of Venous Thrombosis.","authors":"Ghenwa El Dakdouki, Doha Daoud, Roa Osman, Walid Moety, Rim Youssef, Sara Farhat","doi":"10.1155/crdi/5004349","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/5004349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Brucella is a Gram-negative coccobacillus responsible for a zoonotic infection that is endemic in the Mediterranean region, including Lebanon. Although it commonly presents with systemic and musculoskeletal manifestations, vascular complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are rarely reported. This case highlights an uncommon thrombotic complication of brucellosis and contributes to the limited literature on brucellosis-associated DVT, particularly in endemic regions.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a previously healthy 33-year-old male from Bekaa, Lebanon, who presented with prolonged fever and bilateral lower limb pain and swelling. Doppler ultrasound confirmed bilateral DVT. Extensive investigations for thrombophilia, malignancy, and autoimmune diseases were unremarkable. Brucella indirect serology was strongly positive with a titer of 1:1280, confirming active infection. The patient was treated with streptomycin, rifampicin, doxycycline, and anticoagulation therapy, resulting in marked clinical improvement and sustained recovery during a 3-year follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report highlights the importance of considering brucellosis as a cause of unexplained DVT, mainly in endemic regions, especially in the absence of a family history of hypercoagulable disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5004349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13462663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Human <i>Streptococcus canis</i> Bloodstream Infection Linked to Cat Contact: A Case Report and Review of Literature.","authors":"Abdulaziz M Alshalan, Abdullah F Alotaibi, Monirah A Alamash, Sarah S Alangari, Maha M Almohizea, Mazin Barry","doi":"10.1155/crdi/3375049","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/3375049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Streptococcus canis</i> is a rare zoonotic pathogen reported to cause human disease, including skin and soft tissue infections, bloodstream infections, and infective endocarditis. The majority of cases have been linked to contact with dogs, with a paucity of cases related to cats. It is generally susceptible to penicillin and vancomycin but exhibits a high rate of resistance to erythromycin and an inducible resistance to clindamycin.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A man in his sixties presented with fever, chills, and a diabetic foot ulcer that had been exposed to a cat. He was found to have <i>S. canis</i> primary bloodstream infection, which showed a typical susceptibility to beta-lactams and vancomycin, and resistance to clindamycin and macrolides. He was treated with ceftriaxone and had no recurrence at the 3-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>S. canis</i> related to cat exposure is an extremely rare cause of human infection, in such cases, a beta-lactam antimicrobial should be initiated. In individuals with an allergy to beta-lactams, vancomycin should be used with avoidance of macrolides and clindamycin as empirical therapy due to the high resistance rate to these antimicrobials among <i>S. canis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3375049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV-Associated Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With Outpatient Pola-R-CHP Without Antiretroviral Therapy Modification: A Case Report.","authors":"Yoshikazu Ikoma, Masashi Ishihara, Hitomi Sugiyama, Daisuke Okamoto, Naoki Hayase, Kimihiro Yamaguchi, Takuro Matsumoto, Nobuyuki Tetsuka, Nobuhiko Nakamura, Hiroshi Nakamura, Nobuhiro Kanemura, Masahito Shimizu, Hisashi Tsurumi","doi":"10.1155/crdi/7583461","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/7583461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People living with HIV (PLWH) remain at increased risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Polatuzumab vedotin plus rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (Pola-R-CHP) has emerged as a standard first-line option for DLBCL in the general population, but the pivotal POLARIX trial excluded PLWH, leaving limited evidence on feasibility with contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART).</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 61-year-old man presented with progressive anorexia and weight loss. With durable virologic suppression (plasma HIV-1 RNA below 20 copies/mL) and immune reconstitution (CD4+ T-cell count approximately 300 cells/µL) on bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF), he was diagnosed with nongerminal center B-cell DLBCL (Lugano stage II; International Prognostic Index score 2). Pola-R-CHP was administered every 21 days for six cycles (Cycle 1: inpatient and Cycles 2-6: outpatient), followed by two additional rituximab cycles, without ART modification. No grade 3-4 nonhematologic toxicity, febrile neutropenia, or serious infections occurred. HIV-1 RNA remained below 20 copies/mL throughout treatment, and CD4+ T-cell counts showed no clinically meaningful decline. End-of-treatment fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET-CT) demonstrated a partial metabolic response with two small residual FDG-avid foci (∼1 cm; SUVmax ∼4-5). At the last follow-up, the patient had no clinical or radiologic evidence of progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Outpatient-delivered Pola-R-CHP appeared feasible in PLWH with virologic suppression and immune reconstitution receiving BIC/FTC/TAF, without virologic breakthrough or unexpected toxicity. Prospective inclusion of PLWH in polatuzumab-containing frontline studies is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7583461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Diagnosis and Successful Treatment of Influenza Coinfection With Community-Onset Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Necrotizing Pneumonia: A Case Report.","authors":"Po-Kai Chan, Chun-Han Wu","doi":"10.1155/crdi/8950164","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/8950164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Necrotizing pneumonia is a severe and potentially fatal complication of community-acquired pneumonia, often associated with toxin-producing or drug-resistant pathogens. Rapid and accurate identification of these pathogens is crucial for timely intervention. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic tools, such as the BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel, have significantly improved early pathogen detection, aiding in prompt and targeted treatment as in the presenting case.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report a case of necrotizing pneumonia in a female adult who presented with severe respiratory distress. Initial testing identified coinfection with influenza and methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) using the BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel, which provided rapid and precise pathogen detection before admission. The patient developed worsening respiratory failure, requiring mechanical ventilation and intensive care. Despite the severity of the infection, early diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy tailored to the identified pathogens led to a significant clinical improvement, allowing for a favorable recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the critical role of rapid molecular diagnostics in the early detection of coinfections in necrotizing pneumonia. The timely identification of influenza and MRSA facilitated targeted antimicrobial therapy, which was instrumental in preventing further complications and improving the patient's prognosis. As PCR-based diagnostics become more widely available, their integration into routine clinical practice can enhance the management of severe pneumonia cases, ultimately leading to better outcomes. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for coinfections in severe pneumonia and leverage rapid diagnostic tools to guide early and effective treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8950164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13439225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated Primary <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Infection in Patient Receiving Adalimumab Therapy: A Case Report.","authors":"Michele Bjerre Kirk, Kristina Høeg Rasmussen, Andreas Gotthelf, Lisbeth Lund Jensen, Frauke Rudolf","doi":"10.1155/crdi/2363582","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/2363582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-TNF-α therapies are associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis, mainly via the reactivation of latent <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis.</i> Primary zoonotic <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> infection is rare and diagnostically challenging, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. We report a case of disseminated <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> infection in a man receiving long-term adalimumab for psoriasis, complicated by diagnostic delay, suspected hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), resulting in a challenging treatment course. Epidemiological history revealed recent travel to Turkey and ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products. This case highlights the need for ongoing exposure assessment, sustained clinical awareness, and individualized therapeutic strategies throughout immunomodulatory treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2363582"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13439633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}