Case Reports in Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis With Contezolid in a Patient With Complex Comorbidities: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Qi Fan, Hong Sun, Shengsheng Liu","doi":"10.1155/crdi/8814569","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/8814569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) is a severe manifestation of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (MTB) infection, characterized by high mortality. Contezolid, a novel oxazolidinone antibiotic, exhibits in vitro activity against MTB and may offer a safety advantage over linezolid, a first-generation oxazolidinone frequently linked to myelosuppression and neuropathy. Clinical data on contezolid in CNS tuberculosis remain scarce. We report a middle-aged man with chronic renal allograft dysfunction who was receiving long-term hemodialysis and subsequently developed severe CNS TB complicated by multiple coinfections, diabetes mellitus, and pancytopenia. An individualized multidrug regimen that included contezolid was successfully employed, suggesting its potential utility in complex CNS TB. This report highlights therapeutic considerations for similar patients and underscores the need for further research on the role of contezolid in TB treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8814569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Synergism in Breast Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Case Report on Diagnostic Dilemmas, Therapeutic Challenges, and Reconstructive Management.","authors":"Leila Essid, Leslie Ann See, Georges Tarris, Narcisse Zwetyenga, Vivien Moris","doi":"10.1155/crdi/3731779","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/3731779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressive, life-threatening soft tissue infection that primarily involves the fascia and subcutaneous tissues. While it typically affects the extremities, perineum, or trunk, NF of the breast remains an exceptionally rare and underdiagnosed entity, often leading to delayed intervention and high morbidity. <b>Case Presentation:</b> We report the case of a 57-year-old woman with poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes who presented to the emergency department with diabetic ketoacidosis and erythema of the left breast. Initial arterial blood gas analysis revealed profound metabolic acidosis (pH 6.89, PaCO₂ 12.8 mmHg, bicarbonate 2.5 mmol/L, and base excess -31.5 mmol/L). Despite initial antibiotic therapy, the breast symptoms worsened, raising concern for inflammatory breast cancer. Imaging revealed subcutaneous emphysema and extensive soft tissue inflammation. A diagnosis of NF was confirmed, prompting emergency surgical intervention. A left mastectomy was performed, with resection of necrotic fascia and pectoralis major. Microbiological cultures identified a polymicrobial infection with <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Citrobacter</i>, and <i>Actinotignum schaalii</i>. The patient received targeted antibiotic therapy and supportive care, including pain management and fluid-electrolyte balance. Reconstruction was initiated 8 months later with contralateral breast reduction and fat grafting. <b>Discussion:</b> Breast NF poses significant diagnostic challenges due to the organ's unique vascular anatomy and the rarity of the condition. Delays in diagnosis can be fatal. This case underscores the importance of clinical vigilance, prompt imaging, and early surgical debridement. The synergistic effect of polymicrobial infections was evident in the rapid progression. Reconstruction remains an essential component of care, with satisfactory outcomes achievable through fat grafting and symmetry procedures. <b>Conclusion:</b> Breast NF requires rapid diagnosis and aggressive multidisciplinary management. This case illustrates the need for increased awareness to reduce diagnostic delays and improve survival and reconstructive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3731779"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144871646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenovirus Disease and Ocular Symptoms in Children: Diagnosis and Prognostic Considerations.","authors":"Jannatul Fardous, Arpita Goutam, Tajrin Rahman, Zahid Hasan Khan, Sabrina Nahin, Sumaiya Hussain, Mohammad Safiul Bashar Khan, Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader, Mohammad Ashraful Amin","doi":"10.1155/crdi/2621782","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/2621782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adenoviral infections significantly impact pediatric health, manifesting as respiratory, gastrointestinal, and ocular disorders. We report a 14-year-old male with adenoviral pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF) complicated by subconjunctival hemorrhage and enlarged adenoids. The patient presented with high-grade fever, sore throat, bilateral conjunctivitis, and gastrointestinal symptoms, including vomiting and diarrhea. Initial laboratory findings suggested septicemia; however, an extended respiratory panel confirmed adenoviral infection. Notably, the patient also had left-sided undescended testes and scoliosis, raising questions about potential associations. This case underscores the complexity of adenoviral infections in children, highlighting the interplay of respiratory, gastrointestinal, and ocular symptoms. The presence of additional conditions warrants further investigation into possible correlations with adenoviral infection. Comprehensive evaluation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of adenoviral infections in pediatric patients, and future research should explore long-term implications and associations with cryptorchidism and scoliosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2621782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12349980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144844476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Variations in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus: Challenges for Molecular Diagnostic Assays-A Case Report.","authors":"Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri, Tahmineh Jalai, Mahsa Tavakoli, Laya Farhan Asadi, Seyed Marzieh Sajadi, Tahereh Mohammadi, Sepideh Gerdooei, Sahar Khakifirouz, Farnoosh Arbabi, Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi, Mohammad Reza Shirzadi, Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali","doi":"10.1155/crdi/4600676","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/4600676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral disease with a high mortality rate which is endemic in Iran. Laboratory diagnosis of CCHF is routinely conducted using PCR and IgM ELISA tests. However, nucleotide variations within CCHF virus (CCHFV) may lead to false-negative PCR results. <b>Case Presentation:</b> A 51-year-old patient suspected to have CCHF was tested for CCHFV infection using two different molecular assays. The results were discrepant, as our homemade SYBR green-based real-time PCR yielded a strong positive result, while the RealStar CCHFV RT-PCR Kit returned a negative result. Due to the discrepancies in the real-time PCR tests, a homemade conventional RT-PCR method was performed, resulting in a positive result similar to the SYBR green-based real-time PCR assay. Partial sequencing of S segment of viral genome and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strain clustered with a strain from Africa-3 genotype, which was isolated in Namibia in 1987. CCHF antigen and IgM ELISA also confirmed the CCHFV infection in this case. <b>Conclusions:</b> This report underlines the requirement of CCHFV genomic surveillance to update the molecular diagnostic assays. Moreover, the circulation of an African CCHFV strain in Iran supports previous data suggesting that Iran harbors the greatest CCHFV genetic diversity among endemic countries. Discrepancies in PCR results, likely due to this diversity, may hinder timely diagnosis and subsequently affect patient management and treatment measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4600676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-Infection of Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Cryptococcal Meningitis in an HIV-Positive Patient: A Case Report.","authors":"Marjan Hemmatian, Sadegh Khodavaisy, Hossein Kazemizadeh, Behnaz Jahanbin, Reza Ershadi, Maryam Moradi, Mohammadreza Salehi, Jianping Xu, Megan Hitchcock, Kazem Ahmadikia, Ali Ahmadi, Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi","doi":"10.1155/crdi/5630156","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/5630156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Opportunistic fungal infections (OFIs) are common among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -positive patients, especially in those with delayed diagnosis and treatment. Patients with severe HIV/AIDS with clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts less than 100 are significantly prone to develop multiple OFIs. In the current study, we present a case of co-infection of pulmonary aspergillosis and cryptococcal meningitis in a late-diagnosed HIV patient with a low CD4 count.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5630156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Series of Post-COVID-19 Mucormycosis in Serbia/Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Form: Surgical and Medical Treatment.","authors":"Nikola Mikovic, Ana Durkovic, Novica Boricic, Marko Lazic, Zoran Jezdic, Vitomir Konstantinovic","doi":"10.1155/crdi/8385268","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/8385268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Mucormycosis is a rare but serious infection caused by fungi called mucormycetes. It is life-threatening, highly aggressive angioinvasive infection, which mainly affects immunocompromised people. <b>Methods and Results:</b> During 2021-early 2023, at the Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (the \"Clinic\"), medical team (the \"Team\") treated five patients, with a rhino-orbital-cerebral form of mucormycosis. All five patients had recently recovered from COVID-19 infection prior to detection of mucormycosis. All of them spent a considerable amount of time (on average 1 month of hospitalization) at COVID-19 specialized hospitals. The Team treated these patients following the guidelines for screening diagnosis and management of mucormycosis at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic (COVID-19 patient guidelines/Indian Council of Medical Research, published in May 2021 approved by WHO). Treatment included several phases, out of which the Team was responsible for and carried out early diagnosis and surgical intervention phase, while colleagues from other clinics assisted in other phases of treatment/management of mucormycosis. <b>Conclusion:</b> The goal of this paper is to present five patients diagnosed with mucormycosis, with a special focus on two patients who, due to their condition, received surgical intervention as part of their antifungal treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8385268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary Dengue Infection Complicated by Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report.","authors":"Dominique D Davis, Saffett Guleryuz, Yehuda Galili, Pablo A Bejarano","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9208878","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/9208878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a fatal hyperinflammatory disorder in which CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages destroy hematopoietic cells and vital organs. Viral infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus, are known to cause secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adult patients. However, despite its rarity, dengue virus has been identified to potentially cause hemophagocytic syndrome, which is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Herein, we present a case report of a 52-year-old male patient who presented with fevers, worsening non-bloody copious diarrhea, excessive fatigue, and nausea and vomiting. He was known to have sickle cell trait. A diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was confirmed with a liver biopsy, accompanied by elevated ferritin levels (33,539 ng/mL), IL-2R levels (5944.2 pg/mL), thrombocytopenia (49 k/μL), anemia (hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume of 7.3 g/dL and 77.3 fL), and elevated bilirubin (total bilirubin of 3.2 mg/dL). In addition, elevated IgG and IgM antibodies determined reinfection with dengue virus. The administration of dexamethasone, etoposide, and additional supportive medications was initiated. Despite all efforts, the patient's neurological status declined, and the patient died. In this case, dengue-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a worrisome and challenging diagnostic condition, primarily due to the similarities between the symptoms of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and those of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Treatment delay may be an inevitable consequence. Differentiating between dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis requires evaluating clinical, laboratory, and biopsy findings. The role of the sickle cell trait is unknown in the presentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9208878"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12328046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144793590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Medical Rarity: Isolated <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Abscess in the Pituitary Gland of an Immunocompetent Patient.","authors":"Erlend Moen Taule, Hrvoje Miletic, Rupavathana Mahesparan","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9943637","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/9943637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occurrence of sellar toxoplasmosis in the pituitary gland is exceedingly rare, and only a few reports have been published in the literature, primarily impacting immunocompromised patients. We report an intriguing case of a 54-year-old man with an initial asymptomatic panhypopituitarism diagnosed under investigation for urolithiasis. Cranial CT and MRI revealed a large sellar lesion first suspectable of a nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma. An endonasal transsphenoidal surgery was performed, and the histopathological diagnosis was surprisingly a pituitary <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> abscess. This case highlights that these types of infections can also occur in immunocompetent patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9943637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Appendicitis Occurring in Dengue Fever: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Ayobamidele Rasaq Kolapo, Boluwatife Oluwafayoyimika Johnson","doi":"10.1155/crdi/4654968","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/4654968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue fever is a disease caused by the dengue virus and it is present in many tropical countries, including Nigeria. Cases of acute abdomen have been reported in dengue fever and they include acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, acute appendicitis, and nonspecific peritonitis. This case report illustrates a case of acute appendicitis in dengue fever and aims to describe the relationship between both conditions. We report a case of a 25-year-old lady who presented with symptoms of dengue fever and was confirmed to have the disease. She was on treatment for dengue but subsequently developed acute appendicitis. She later underwent appendectomy and the appendix was confirmed to be inflamed both intraoperatively and histologically. Dengue virus can cause periappendiceal inflammation (periappendiceal fluid collection and mesenteric lymphadenopathy/adenitis) or acute appendicitis (which can progress to appendiceal perforation or appendicular mass formation). Periappendiceal inflammation presents with clinical features mimicking acute appendicitis but without appendicitis on ultrasonography or laparoscopy. Periappendiceal inflammation can also progress to appendicitis. For patients with dengue fever, diagnosis of acute appendicitis should not be based on clinical findings alone. Serial ultrasonography to confirm appendicitis is recommended. Conservative treatment with antibiotics should be the first line for acute appendicitis in dengue fever or periappendiceal inflammation in dengue. Surgical treatment is required in cases of appendiceal perforation or failure of conservative management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4654968"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Presentation of Invasive Nontypeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> With Systemic Involvement: A Case Report.","authors":"Hajra Nosheen, Lochan Bellamkonda, John George Youssef, Abhijeet Ghatol, Shagufta Naz Ali","doi":"10.1155/crdi/1817056","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/1817056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (<i>H. influenzae</i>) is a common organism that causes noninvasive infections in the respiratory tract. Lately, there has been an increasing incidence of invasive diseases with nontypeable strains not covered by Hib vaccines. We discuss a case of a middle-aged male with sickle cell trait and gout who presented with altered mentation and polyarthralgia. On investigations, he had <i>H. influenzae</i> bacteremia on two sets of blood cultures with dissemination to meninges and joints, causing acute encephalopathy and polyarthralgia. The initial results of arthrocentesis and lumbar puncture were sterile. However, PCR analysis of the fluid revealed nontypeable <i>H. influenzae.</i> The patient required mechanical ventilation and vasopressor support given sepsis but recovered after extended antibiotics and multiple surgical debridements. Our case highlights the importance of maintaining a high suspicion of invasive disease in decompensated patients and the role of advanced diagnostics in treatment and outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1817056"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}