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Global Value Chain Governance in the MNE: A Dynamic Hierarchy Perspective 跨国公司的全球价值链治理:动态层次视角
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211068544
P. Ryan, G. Buciuni, Majella Giblin, Ulf R. Andersson
{"title":"Global Value Chain Governance in the MNE: A Dynamic Hierarchy Perspective","authors":"P. Ryan, G. Buciuni, Majella Giblin, Ulf R. Andersson","doi":"10.1177/00081256211068544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211068544","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic crisis caused a severe shock to global value chains and led to supply shortages for complex medical goods such as respiratory ventilators. What followed were calls to reshore production for security, and the loss of efficiencies from foreign global value chain (GVC) operations for the multinational enterprise. This article merges internalization and GVC theory to demonstrate a dynamic hierarchy managerial response to these crisis conditions. An optimally configured GVC under hierarchy governance can resiliently eliminate global supply line ruptures yet maintain the benefits of global efficiency.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"97 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45782982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
How Can Large Manufacturers Digitalize Their Business Models? A Framework for Orchestrating Industrial Ecosystems 大型制造商如何将其商业模式数字化?协调工业生态系统的框架
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211059140
D. Sjödin, V. Parida, I. Visnjic
{"title":"How Can Large Manufacturers Digitalize Their Business Models? A Framework for Orchestrating Industrial Ecosystems","authors":"D. Sjödin, V. Parida, I. Visnjic","doi":"10.1177/00081256211059140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211059140","url":null,"abstract":"For manufacturers, remaining competitive depends on their ability to digitalize their business models (i.e., offer digital and digitally enhanced products and services). To achieve this, they must engage with new digital partners and help their existing suppliers, partners, and other stakeholders to digitalize. Orchestrating this growing ecosystem is challenging. Manufacturers struggle with this endeavor because of specific barriers associated with their existing legacy business model and related to their lack of digital vision, product-centric value chains, and a bias toward firm-centered profit formulas. To overcome these barriers, leading manufacturers have developed new approaches to ecosystem orchestration.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"49 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46736014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Harnessing Exaptation and Ecosystem Strategy for Accelerated Innovation: Lessons From The VentilatorChallengeUK 利用兴奋和生态系统战略加速创新:来自VentilatorChallengeUK的经验教训
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211056651
Wei Liu, A. Beltagui, Songhe Ye, Peter J. Williamson
{"title":"Harnessing Exaptation and Ecosystem Strategy for Accelerated Innovation: Lessons From The VentilatorChallengeUK","authors":"Wei Liu, A. Beltagui, Songhe Ye, Peter J. Williamson","doi":"10.1177/00081256211056651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211056651","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 crisis has underlined the need for accelerated innovation to rapidly help business solve social problems. These problems require access to capabilities and knowledge that no single organization or existing supply chain possesses. Drawing on the experience of the open innovation and rapid-scale-up achieved by the VentilatorChallengeUK to address a shortage of ventilators required by patients seriously ill with COVID-19, this article develops a framework for accelerated innovation and delivery that crosses traditional industry boundaries. It offers a series of important lessons for how open innovation, exaptation, and ecosystem strategies—backed by a set of enabling initiatives—can be used to solve multi-faceted social and business problems at speed.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"78 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45081882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
SMEs’ Open Innovation: Applying a Barrier Approach 中小企业开放创新：应用壁垒法
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211052679
Sandra Dubouloz, R. Bocquet, Catherine Equey Balzli, Elodie Gardet, Romain Gandia
{"title":"SMEs’ Open Innovation: Applying a Barrier Approach","authors":"Sandra Dubouloz, R. Bocquet, Catherine Equey Balzli, Elodie Gardet, Romain Gandia","doi":"10.1177/00081256211052679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211052679","url":null,"abstract":"This article identifies barriers that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) encounter when they openly innovate, according to the open innovation (OI) mode used (inbound, outbound, coupled). A qualitative analysis—involving seven case studies of SMEs active in digital (high-tech) or social economy (low-tech) sectors—reveals that they face more internal than external OI barriers. Overall, the nature of the barriers does not vary across OI modes, but their intensity does. With regard to external barriers, the results reveal a “tribe syndrome,” such that SMEs resist opening up to other firms that do not share the same values.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"113 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42228665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Incentivizing Environmental Improvements in Supply Chains through Data-Driven Governance 通过数据驱动型治理激励供应链环境改善
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211049827
D. O'Rourke, Niklas Lollo
{"title":"Incentivizing Environmental Improvements in Supply Chains through Data-Driven Governance","authors":"D. O'Rourke, Niklas Lollo","doi":"10.1177/00081256211049827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211049827","url":null,"abstract":"The Sustainable Apparel Coalition’s Facility Environmental Module (FEM) is one of the world’s most advanced “data-driven governance” initiatives. The FEM represents an important new strategy in the governance of Global Value Chains. This article reports on a multi-year study to evaluate how firms have implemented the FEM, and whether and under what conditions it leads to improvements in factory performance. It finds that while the FEM represents an important step in improving environmental measurement systems, the program currently acts like a “scale without a diet.” Companies are now better able to measure performance, but many have not implemented the mechanisms needed to motivate systematic improvements. This article offers recommendations for how to strengthen data-driven governance systems and explores their implications for managers.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"47 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47391045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Tools and Technologies of Transparency in Sustainable Global Supply Chains 可持续全球供应链透明度的工具和技术
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211045993
P. McGrath, L. McCarthy, D. Marshall, J. Rehme
{"title":"Tools and Technologies of Transparency in Sustainable Global Supply Chains","authors":"P. McGrath, L. McCarthy, D. Marshall, J. Rehme","doi":"10.1177/00081256211045993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211045993","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the role that technology plays in creating and fostering transparency in global supply chains. Transparency is deemed vital in the creation of sustainable and resilient supply chains and overall effective corporate governance. There are two distinct orientations toward the use of technology by multinational corporations (MNCs) in creating sustainability transparency within their global supply chains: control and relational. A control orientation views technology as a tool to gather the ever-increasing levels of sustainability data on supplier practices in an efficient, secure, and progressively automated manner. A relational orientation adopts a view where technology is a tool to help build social relations and improve dialogue and collaboration on sustainability throughout the supply chain. A key difference in the two orientations lies in the mindset of the MNC manager toward the development of supply chain sustainability transparency. The article illustrates the effective application of both approaches and offers advice to managers on the design choices they need to consider in choosing technologies.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"67 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41841678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Share and Share Alike: How Inner Source Can Help Create New Digital Platforms 分享与分享：内部资源如何帮助创建新的数字平台
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211044830
L. Morgan, Rob Gleasure, Abayomi Baiyere, Hong Phuc Dang
{"title":"Share and Share Alike: How Inner Source Can Help Create New Digital Platforms","authors":"L. Morgan, Rob Gleasure, Abayomi Baiyere, Hong Phuc Dang","doi":"10.1177/00081256211044830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211044830","url":null,"abstract":"Many organizations are eager to develop a digital platform. Yet, it is not clear how to realize this ambition, especially for large companies with complex existing structures. This study demonstrates how the growing trend of “Inner Source” (adopting internal open-source/crowdsourcing practices within large organizations) can help companies become more platform-based. This article studies three large organizations—Zalando, Philips Healthcare, and PayPal—and identifies a four-stage model that explains how Inner Source helped them develop their internal and external platforms. It details six recommendations for large organizations wishing to follow a strategy of Inner Source-driven platformization.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"90 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48945856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Choose Your Enemies Well: Mapping, Managing, and Leveraging Rivalry 选择好你的敌人：规划、管理和利用竞争
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211042947
Elisa Operti, Stoyan V. Sgourev, Shemuel Lampronti
{"title":"Choose Your Enemies Well: Mapping, Managing, and Leveraging Rivalry","authors":"Elisa Operti, Stoyan V. Sgourev, Shemuel Lampronti","doi":"10.1177/00081256211042947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211042947","url":null,"abstract":"There is an important constraint that can be used to regulate mobility in competitive labor markets—the existence of a deeply felt rivalry between employers. Rivalry denotes a stable antagonistic relationship between companies, as exemplified by Apple and IBM in the 1980s. Analyzing data from the Palio di Siena (an ancient horse race in Siena, Italy), this article shows that direct moves between rivals are rare, accounting for less than 2% of all career moves in this context between 1743 and 2011. Rivalry constrains not only direct but also indirect moves to the ally of a rival or the rival of an ally. This article presents a framework describing how managers can harness rivalry: mapping rivalry, managing rivalry to capitalize on its positive aspects, and leveraging rivalry to adjust the level of competitive intensity.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"29 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41397162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
No Team is an Island: How Leaders Shape Networked Ecosystems for Team Success 没有一个团队是孤岛:领导者如何塑造团队成功的网络生态系统
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211041784
I. Carboni, Rob Cross, A. Edmondson
{"title":"No Team is an Island: How Leaders Shape Networked Ecosystems for Team Success","authors":"I. Carboni, Rob Cross, A. Edmondson","doi":"10.1177/00081256211041784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211041784","url":null,"abstract":"Today’s organizations rely on networks of dynamic systems of “agile” teams to get work done. Teams are distributed, transient, and loosely bounded in service of responsiveness and innovation. The key to this new way of doing work is managing the networked ecosystem in which teams are embedded. But in the context of leading multiple teams with fuzzy boundaries and shifting membership, the average overwhelmed manager quickly defaults to what is nearest in urgency: managing internal team dynamics and responding to internal customer demands. Drawn from field interviews with 100 top-performing team leaders, this article presents a framework-for-action to leaders who want to engage the networked ecosystem with intention and precision, including specific tactics for identifying and influencing high-leverage stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"5 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48543970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
How to Appropriate Value from General-Purpose Technology by Applying Open Innovation 如何运用开放式创新从通用技术中获取价值
IF 1 2区 管理学
California Management Review Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/00081256211041787
Jialei Yang, H. Chesbrough, P. Hurmelinna-Laukkanen
{"title":"How to Appropriate Value from General-Purpose Technology by Applying Open Innovation","authors":"Jialei Yang, H. Chesbrough, P. Hurmelinna-Laukkanen","doi":"10.1177/00081256211041787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00081256211041787","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence increasingly attracts attention and investments. However, appropriating value from this general-purpose technology (GPT) can be difficult. To understand these challenges, this article analyzes why IBM failed to generate significant profits from IBM Watson Health despite its promising starting points. The findings suggest that, considering the characteristics of GPT, an overly closed approach for taking it to market contributed to the failure. Furthermore, conditions such as the immaturity and the complexity of the application field intensified the challenges. This study suggests that using a strong appropriability regime in open innovation can enhance the appropriation of value from a GPT.","PeriodicalId":9605,"journal":{"name":"California Management Review","volume":"64 1","pages":"24 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41921464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
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