{"title":"Does Climate Change Risk Impact Insurance Credit Risk? Cross Country Evidence","authors":"Jassem Alokla, Panagiotis Tzouvanas, Khaldoon Albitar","doi":"10.1002/bse.4252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4252","url":null,"abstract":"While climate change poses a significant financial risk to the insurance industry, research has not yet examined the impact on the insurer's credit risk. This study investigates the impact of climate change risks on credit risk for insurance firms. We develop a novel climate risk measure by contrasting four key components: hydrological risks, temperature extremes, extreme weather events, and water related risks. Utilizing this comprehensive measure, we analyse a global sample of 150 insurance firms across 31 countries from 2001 to 2022. Our findings reveal a significant negative relationship between climate change risks and credit risk, measured by Z‐score, F‐score, and Altman's Z‐score. This suggests that climate risks increase the likelihood of insurance firm defaults. These findings highlight the urgency for proactive climate risk management in the financial sector, including enhanced risk assessment methodologies and adaptation strategies. This research offers valuable insights for various stakeholders in the financial sector including policy makers, credit rating agencies and investors to better understand and manage climate risk exposure in the insurance industry.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strategies for Carbon Reduction Maturity: A Longitudinal Case Study of Unilever PLC","authors":"Chiharu Narikiyo, Elaine Harris, Moataz Elmassri","doi":"10.1002/bse.4258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4258","url":null,"abstract":"This case study of Unilever PLC, an acknowledged leader in green strategy, builds on a sustainability maturity model to develop a specific carbon reduction maturity model to show how a consumer goods company has evolved its strategies towards carbon reduction. Based largely on 10 years of archival data (2011–2020), this research analyses the narrative in the company's annual reports and carbon disclosure survey responses, using both quantitative (form‐oriented) and qualitative (meaning‐oriented) content analysis, to position it in a carbon reduction maturity model. Our results show the stages in Unilever's carbon maturity journey in terms of their strategies and performance over the 10 years and captures (through supplementary interviews) how various interested parties view this journey. This research demonstrates how the company's strategies and leadership may influence carbon reduction beyond the consumer goods sector, helping to define green stewardship.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do Not Stop the Loop: Driving Circular Textiles With Technology and Stakeholder Engagement","authors":"Chiara Civera, Gabriele Santoro, Valentina Chiaudano","doi":"10.1002/bse.4250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4250","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate critical factors enabling the successful implementation of circular ecosystems in the textile industry, with a focus on the interplay between technology and stakeholder engagement. A qualitative approach, involving 35 interviews with managers across 11 Italian SMEs in both B2B and B2C textile segments, was employed. Thematic analysis revealed three key areas where stakeholder collaboration and technology are essential to facilitating the shift from linear to circular: (1) design for circularity; (2) traceability and transparency; and (3) recycling, upcycling and regeneration. We contribute to the literature by providing a stakeholder‐based analysis of technology implementation, leading to conceptualising ‘circularity in relationships’ as a key factor of circular transition. From a practical standpoint, while showing that the transition must be led by entrepreneurial moral engagement, we offer insights into how to leverage technologies for supporting, educating and engaging stakeholders and how engaged stakeholders facilitate technology adoption, lowering the costs of circularity.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Public Funding Dynamics in Clean and Dirty Industries: An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Eco‐Innovation, Cooperation, and Internationalization Strategies","authors":"Beatriz Forés","doi":"10.1002/bse.4254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4254","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, eco‐innovation (EI) has emerged as a priority for both national and international public authorities due to its potential to drive sustainable development and enhance resilience in business and regional contexts. Based on a thorough review of the existing literature, this study assesses the impact of various EI strategies—categorized by their level of proactivity—on the acquisition of public funds and compares them with other key strategies such as R&D cooperation and internationalization, which influence the technical, economic, and market feasibility of innovations. Additionally, it investigates whether the criteria for public funding allocation vary according to the industrial sector, distinguishing between clean and dirty industries identified on the basis of their pollution levels. Using data from the Spanish Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC) from 2009 to 2016, the study shows that companies with more proactive EI strategies achieve higher levels of public funding. In dirty industries, these are the only strategies that facilitate access to public funding. Strategies focused solely on regulatory compliance do not show a significant relationship with the ability to secure public funds. R&D cooperation emerges as a crucial factor that positively impacts public funding levels across industries. Contrary to expectations, adopting internationalization strategies is negatively associated with the granting of public funds in both clean and dirty industries. Robustness tests confirm and expand these findings, offering valuable insights for fiscal policy formulation and helping to allay economic concerns related to EI, cooperation, and internationalization. The results of this study can thus help increase companies' capacity to attract new public funds, offering guidance tailored to their sector of activity.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Folajimi Ashiru, Emmanuel Adegbite, Subhan Ullah, Amir Michael, Neil Pyper
{"title":"The Relevance of Board Diversity Features in a Weak Institutional Business Environment","authors":"Folajimi Ashiru, Emmanuel Adegbite, Subhan Ullah, Amir Michael, Neil Pyper","doi":"10.1002/bse.4249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4249","url":null,"abstract":"The board diversity literature continues to advance a simplistic but empirically unsubstantiated rhetoric of the board diversity accountability, economic benefits and its relationship with other firm characteristics. Yet, less is understood about which board diversity features actually matter for business decision‐making, especially in weak institutional business environments where policy–practice decoupling is prevalent. Therefore, proceeding from an institutional theory underpinning and a board diversity accountability mechanism–decision‐making argument, we explore via interviews, the perspectives of 27 professional investors on the relevance of diversity features for their decision‐making in the Nigeria banking environment. Our findings reveal four factors (1. denotation of experience and innovation; 2. dynamic capability enablers; 3. ideas rotation and stability; and 4. display of discipline and board independence) that explain why board age and tenure diversity are relevant arrangements for decision‐making in weak institutional environments. Also, we find four factors (1. ephemeral impositions; 2. tokenism; 3. no ethnic disparity in business opportunities; and 4. symbolic inclusivity) that explain why board gender and ethnicity diversity are irrelevant arrangements. Our findings provide very unusual insights into the (ir)relevance of board diversity in a weak institutional context.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Navigating Digital Servitization for the Twin Transition: How Manufacturers Can Support Customers With Digitalization and Sustainability","authors":"Taylan Kilinc, David Sjödin, Vinit Parida","doi":"10.1002/bse.4255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4255","url":null,"abstract":"As industrial sustainability concerns mount, manufacturers engaged in digital servitization grapple with the twin transition of configuring and implementing digital solutions to meet their customers' sustainability objectives. To address this challenge, a socio‐technical systems theory‐based framework is proposed. Drawing on case studies with three manufacturers undertaking digital servitization and on the sustainability, digital servitization, and socio‐technical systems theory research, our framework highlights key processes in navigating the twin transition. It emphasizes the importance of contextual factors in defining a customer twin‐transition roadmap, outlines key steps in reconfiguring technical and social subsystems, and stresses the joint optimization processes based on feedback and metrics. This systematic approach guides manufacturers in supporting their customers through the twin transition, emphasizing socio‐technical systems and iterative processes for sustained success. Our findings contribute to the growing digital servitization and sustainability research by conceptualizing underlying processes in the twin transition and offering manufacturers practical insights.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sharifa Khalid Mousa, Jose Maria Fernandez‐Crehuet, Yousef Ayman Yousef Thaher
{"title":"Advancing Sustainable Performance in Healthcare: Mediating Roles of Green HRM and Green Innovation Under Green Transformational Leadership","authors":"Sharifa Khalid Mousa, Jose Maria Fernandez‐Crehuet, Yousef Ayman Yousef Thaher","doi":"10.1002/bse.4238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4238","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of green transformational leadership (GTFL), green innovation (GI), and green human resource management (GHRM) practices on enhancing sustainable performance, emphasizing the mediating roles of GHRM and GI in the link between GTFL and sustainable outcomes (environmental, social, and economic) in the healthcare sector. Data were gathered through a survey distributed to healthcare organizations in Palestine, encompassing both secondary care facilities (hospitals) and tertiary care facilities (rehabilitation centers). The proposed relationships were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM). The findings underscore the critical role of GTFL, GHRM, and GI in advancing sustainable performance and confirm the mediating effects of GHRM practices and GI in achieving environmental and social sustainability goals. This research offers a comprehensive perspective on the key drivers of sustainable performance, providing valuable insights into the interconnected mechanisms that promote sustainable practices in healthcare organizations and guide organizational strategies.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strategies to Combat Climate Change Challenges in Sustainable Supply Chains","authors":"Atif Saleem Butt","doi":"10.1002/bse.4246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4246","url":null,"abstract":"Firms within supply chains have a critical role to play in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change. Yet, studies about different strategies that firms deploy to engage in environmentally sustainable supply chains, that eventually mitigate climate‐related hazards are rather sparse. This study aims to address this gap. The study employs a multiple‐case‐study approach. Thirty semistructured interviews with sustainability managers of six Australian‐based buying departments are undertaken. Results reveal five distinct strategies that buyers deploy to mitigate climate change impacts and, thereby contribute to positive environmental impact. Particularly, the findings highlight the importance of responsible/sustainable procurement, a thorough mapping of the supply chain, localization of supply chains, sustainable manufacturing practices, and leveraging digital technologies, especially data analytics. These strategies can help mitigate adverse climate change effects and environmental risks and bring sustainability to supply chains. The study offers both theoretical insights and practical implications, concluding with discussions on limitations and suggestions for future research directions.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Environmental Sustainability and Business Profitability: Profiling Winners and Losers With Machine Learning","authors":"Xiaoliu Xu, Abdoul G. Sam","doi":"10.1002/bse.4236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4236","url":null,"abstract":"We utilize a rich dataset of manufacturing firms to investigate the heterogeneous effects of ISO 14001 on the financial performance of certified firms. We employ machine learning techniques, specifically causal tree and causal forest, to uncover these effects. Our findings reveal consistently positive average effects of ISO 14001 certification on sales revenue across all categories of firms. However, when it comes to profitability, we observe significant heterogeneity in the impact of ISO 14001 certification. Specifically, ISO 14001 certification spurs profitability gains among more innovative firms with lower debt‐to‐equity ratios, among firms that are more reliant on exports, and those that operate outside the electronic component industry. Conversely, firms with a large debt‐to‐equity ratio and those that are privately held experience negative effects of ISO 14001 certification on profitability. Our study contributes to the literature examining how environmental sustainability programs, such as ISO 14001, affect firm financial performance in a heterogeneous manner. By uncovering the nuanced effects of ISO 14001 certification based on firm characteristics, our research provides valuable insights that can assist in optimizing the outcomes of similar environmental programs by tailoring strategies based on specific firm attributes.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Linking Green Value Cocreation Experience and Customer Brand Engagement in the Luxury Hotel Context: The Role of Green Satisfaction, Emotional Attachment, and Environmental Apathy","authors":"Nguyen Huu Khoi, Angelina Nhat‐Hanh Le","doi":"10.1002/bse.4242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.4242","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have largely ignored the role of green practices as a value cocreation strategy to generate positive experiences for consumers and retrieve their values for luxury hotels. By adopting service‐dominant logic and engagement theory, this study establishes a model focusing on green value cocreation experience, including green participation and green value in use, as the starting point that leads to green satisfaction and emotional attachment and ultimately, customer brand engagement with environmental apathy as a boundary condition. To test the hypotheses, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) is utilized on a sample of 401 luxury hotel guests. The testing results confirm the proposed hypotheses, suggesting that green value cocreation experience can foster green satisfaction and emotional attachment and finally, customer brand engagement under the moderating role of environmental apathy. Based on the results, some important theoretical and practical implications are proposed.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}