Cancer treatment and research最新文献_第5页

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_8

Sara Mumtaz, Nosheen Akhtar, Awais Ahmed, Asma Saleem Qazi

{"title":"Dietary Pattern and Cancer.","authors":"Sara Mumtaz, Nosheen Akhtar, Awais Ahmed, Asma Saleem Qazi","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_8","url":null,"abstract":"Diet play an important role in the development of cancer. A lot of research has been done on the role of individual nutrients or phytochemicals and cancer risk. Both harmful and beneficial associations of this nutrient have been observed with cancer. However, there is an interaction of individual dietary constituents to influence disease risk. On the other hand, examining the diet as a whole as is done in dietary patterns research may produce more accurate estimates and data that can be more easily translated into dietary recommendations. Dietary patterns and cancer research are becoming increasingly common in the epidemiology literature, and novel dietary patterns are being generated at a rapid pace. However, major issues remain over whether one general \"healthy\" dietary pattern can be suggested for cancer prevention or whether several diets should be advocated for different forms of cancer protection. It is challenging to study typical human diet in animal model that is appropriate for cancer prevention. Some dietary patterns, such as the ketogenic diet or macronutrient composition alteration, have been investigated more extensively in animal models than in humans in terms of cancer prevention, and bigger human observational studies are now needed to advise dietary guidelines. The question of whether to adapt nutritional guidelines to population subgroups based on susceptibility factors (for example, family history, sex, age, other lifestyle factors or comorbidities, metabolomics signatures, or microbiota-based profiles) is still open and will be crucial in moving the field forward.","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"191 ","pages":"191-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Cancers. 胃肠道癌症的免疫疗法。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_14

Hazel Lote, Ian Chau

{"title":"Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Cancers.","authors":"Hazel Lote, Ian Chau","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_14","url":null,"abstract":"Immunotherapy has revolutionised cancer treatment over the past decade. Long-term durable responses can be achieved in some cancer patient populations that were previously facing terminal disease. In this chapter, we summarise current phase 3 clinical trial evidence for the use of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers (oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, oesophago-gastric adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, biliary cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and squamous cell cancer of the anus). We discuss meaningful biomarkers used in clinical trials to select patients most likely to benefit from immunotherapy, such as mismatch-repair deficiency (MMRd)/microsatellite instability (MSI) and programmed-death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression. Clinical questions are arising regarding the role of immunotherapy in the adjuvant/perioperative setting, optimal timing of surgery in patients who respond to immunotherapy, and toxicities specific to patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. We outline the current landscape and future horizon of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers, such as strategies to increase effectiveness of checkpoint blockade through combinations with other checkpoint inhibitors, cytotoxic chemotherapy, targeted agents, radiotherapy, CAR-T therapy, and cancer vaccines.","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"192 ","pages":"277-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Use of Hepatic Artery Infusion Chemotherapy for Unresectable Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases. 使用肝动脉灌注化疗治疗无法切除的结直肠癌肝转移灶

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_13

Dominic J Vitello, Ryan P Merkow

引用次数: 0

Diet, Gut Microbes, and Cancer. 饮食、肠道微生物与癌症

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_7

Asma Saleem Qazi, Ubaid Ur Rahman, Bilal Ahmad, Waseem Safdar, Saeed Ahmad, Sara Mumtaz

引用次数: 0

Micronutrients Importance in Cancer Prevention-Minerals. 微量营养素在癌症预防中的重要性--矿物质。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_6

Rida Fatima Saeed, Uzma Azeem Awan, Shaista Aslam, Asma Saleem Qazi, Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti, Nosheen Akhtar

{"title":"Micronutrients Importance in Cancer Prevention-Minerals.","authors":"Rida Fatima Saeed, Uzma Azeem Awan, Shaista Aslam, Asma Saleem Qazi, Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti, Nosheen Akhtar","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_6","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer, a non-communicable disease with diverse kinds is one of the major global problems with high incidence and no proven method to prevent or treat. Minerals including trace elements are significant micronutrients for preserving the body's typical physiological function. In contrast to extremely processed industrial food, they are rich in natural sources of food and frequently included in nutritional supplements. The daily intake, storage capacities, and homeostasis of micronutrients depend on specific dietary practices in contemporary civilization and can be disturbed by various malignancies. Varied minerals have different effects on the status of cancer depending on how they affect these pathways. The outcomes could differ depending on the mineral such as calcium's supply and the cancer's location. A mineral called zinc helps the immune system function better and aids in wound healing. On the other hand, selenium exhibits anti-oxidant functions and has a dose-response relationship with many cancer types. However, this component can make the patient's condition worse. Although the body produces free radicals when iron is deficient, anaemia affects a patient's quality of life and ability to receive therapy. This chapter compiles the knowledge of minerals connected to unusual accumulation or depletion states in various malignancies.","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"191 ","pages":"145-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic Carcinogenesis. 代谢致癌

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_2

Mahwish Ali, Syeda Mehpara Farhat, Abdul Haleem

引用次数: 0

Gastrointestinal Malignancies: Pancreatic Cancer Clinical Trials in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. 胃肠道恶性肿瘤：胰腺癌新辅助化疗临床试验。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_6

Paola Barrios, Akhil Chawla

引用次数: 0

Pathologic Features of Esophageal and Gastric Malignancies. 食管和胃恶性肿瘤的病理特征。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_2

Sanaa Al-Nattah, Eduard Matkovic, Michael Schwalbe, Kristina A Matkowskyj

{"title":"Pathologic Features of Esophageal and Gastric Malignancies.","authors":"Sanaa Al-Nattah, Eduard Matkovic, Michael Schwalbe, Kristina A Matkowskyj","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_2","url":null,"abstract":"Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer globally, affecting approximately 570,000 people worldwide and currently ranking sixth among cancer-related mortality (Uhlenhopp et al. in, Clin J Gastroenterol 13:1010-1021, 2020). The prognosis is poor as many patients present with locally incurable or metastatic disease. In spite of advancements in treatment, the overall 5-year survival rates are in the realm of 10% whereas the 5-year post-esophagectomy survival rates are in the realm of 15-40% [2]. The incidence rates vary dramatically worldwide, which can be attributed to demographic and socioeconomic factors. Although the vast majority of esophageal neoplasms arise from the epithelial layer and include squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC), a subset of neuroendocrine and soft tissue tumors can also occur in the esophagus. Several tasks are presented to the surgical pathologist when dealing with esophageal carcinoma that include rendering a diagnosis, classifying the histological type, and assessing prognostic factors. This narrative review aims to evaluate current literature on various esophageal neoplasms and highlight pathological factors that impact clinical decision making and prognosis.","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"192 ","pages":"19-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathologic Features of Primary Pancreatic Malignancies. 原发性胰腺恶性肿瘤的病理特征。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_5

Tarek Abi-Saab, Ashley M Cunningham, Patrick S Rush, Kristina A Matkowskyj

引用次数: 0

Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Surgical Management and Evolving Therapies. 肝细胞癌：手术治疗和不断发展的疗法。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_10

Emanuel Eguia, Talia Baker, Marshall Baker

引用次数: 0