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Estimating the Benefit of Preoperative Systemic Therapy to Reduce the Extent of Breast Cancer Surgery: Current Standard and Future Directions. 估算术前系统治疗对减少乳腺癌手术范围的益处：当前标准与未来方向》。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-33602-7_6
Giacomo Montagna
{"title":"Estimating the Benefit of Preoperative Systemic Therapy to Reduce the Extent of Breast Cancer Surgery: Current Standard and Future Directions.","authors":"Giacomo Montagna","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-33602-7_6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-33602-7_6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Once reserved for locally advanced tumors which were deemed inoperable at presentation, preoperative systemic therapy (PST) is nowadays increasingly used to treat early breast cancer. PST allows for in vivo assessment of tumor response, for tailoring of adjuvant systemic therapy and for de-escalation of breast and the axillary surgery. Increased rates of pathological complete response together with more accurate response assessment and surgical planning have led to a significant reduction in surgical morbidity. While surgical assessment remains the standard of care, ongoing studies are evaluating whether surgery can be omitted in patients who achieve a complete pathological response. In this chapter, I will review the impact of PST on surgical de-escalation and the data supporting the safety of this approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"188 ","pages":"149-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139085985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transversal Perspectives of Integrative Oncology Care in Gastric and Lobular Breast Cancer. 胃癌和叶状乳腺癌综合肿瘤治疗的横向视角。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-33602-7_4
Emilio Francesco Giunta, Gianluca Arrichiello, Annalisa Pappalardo, Piera Federico, Angelica Petrillo
{"title":"Transversal Perspectives of Integrative Oncology Care in Gastric and Lobular Breast Cancer.","authors":"Emilio Francesco Giunta, Gianluca Arrichiello, Annalisa Pappalardo, Piera Federico, Angelica Petrillo","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-33602-7_4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-33602-7_4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occurrence of gastric cancer has been associated with an increased risk of lobular breast tumors in a subset of patients harboring selected germline mutations. Among all, the germline alteration of the gene coding for E-Cadherin (CDH1) was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer diffuse-histotype and lobular breast cancer. However, the risk assessment of breast neoplasms and the role of multiple prophylactic procedures in these patients has never been systematically addressed. In addition, the performance of the common screening procedures for lobular breast cancer like mammography is suboptimal. Therefore, recalling the need for a better articulation of the patient-centered strategies of surveillance for individuals with germline CDH1 and other similar alterations, to offer comprehensive approaches for prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment. Accordingly, this chapter aims to discuss the value and the role of integrated oncological care in the era of oncology sub-specializations. Additionally, it sheds light on how the harmonization across the health providers can enhance patient care in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"188 ","pages":"89-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chemotherapy. 化疗。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_3
Mahabuba Binta Hossain, Aahil Hossain Haldar Neer
{"title":"Chemotherapy.","authors":"Mahabuba Binta Hossain,&nbsp;Aahil Hossain Haldar Neer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemotherapy is a widely recognized form of cancer treatment that uses cytotoxic drugs to treat varieties of cancer. In general, these drugs intend to kill the cancer cell and stop the reproduction of cancer cells by which they can prevent further growth and spread. The goals of chemotherapy can be curative or palliative or adjunctive increasing the efficacy of other treatments such as radiotherapy. Combination chemotherapy is commonly prescribed than monotherapy. Most of the chemotherapy drugs are delivered either via the intravenous route or in an oral form. There is a variety of chemotherapeutic agents and most commonly they are divided into several categories including anthracycline antibiotics, antimetabolites, alkylating agents, and plant alkaloids. All chemotherapeutic agents have various side effects. The most common side effects are fatigue, nausea, vomiting, mucositis, hair loss, dry skin, skin rash, bowel changes, anemia, and increase risk of acquiring infection. However, these agents can also cause inflammation of the heart, lungs, liver, kidney, neurons, and disturbance of coagulation cascade.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"185 ","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9626830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Osteosarcoma and Its Advancement. 骨肉瘤及其进展。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_8
Qazi Basit, Haniyah Saleem Qazi, Shumaila Tanveer
{"title":"Osteosarcoma and Its Advancement.","authors":"Qazi Basit,&nbsp;Haniyah Saleem Qazi,&nbsp;Shumaila Tanveer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer with its high mortality rate is really hard to treat even in this era. Extensive research work is still required to overcome the threat caused by the disease. Currently, the treatment modality is based on the combination therapy, and diagnostics is dependent upon biopsy results. Once the stage of cancer is clear, the treatment is prescribed. To bring a successful treatment approach of patients with osteosarcoma, it requires multidisciplinary team approach including pediatric, medical and surgical oncologist, surgeons, pathologists, pain management, orthopedic oncologist, endocrinologist, and radiologists. Therefore, cancer treatment is to be performed in specialized hospitals able to provide access to all approaches with multidisciplinary team care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"185 ","pages":"127-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9626832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hybrid and Dual-Processing Threshold Decision Models. 混合和双重处理阈值决策模型。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37993-2_7
Benjamin Djulbegovic, Iztok Hozo
{"title":"Hybrid and Dual-Processing Threshold Decision Models.","authors":"Benjamin Djulbegovic,&nbsp;Iztok Hozo","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-37993-2_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37993-2_7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the previous chapters, we presented various derivations of the threshold model based on the same disease outcomes. We assumed that a decision-maker would calculate the threshold based on either mortality or morbidity outcomes. Basinga and van den Ende derived the threshold by combining both mortality and morbidity outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"189 ","pages":"85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41115028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using Decision Curve Analysis to Evaluate Testing and/or Predictive Modeling. 使用决策曲线分析来评估测试和/或预测建模。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37993-2_6
Benjamin Djulbegovic, Iztok Hozo
{"title":"Using Decision Curve Analysis to Evaluate Testing and/or Predictive Modeling.","authors":"Benjamin Djulbegovic,&nbsp;Iztok Hozo","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-37993-2_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37993-2_6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this chapter, we extend the threshold model to evaluate the value of diagnostic tests or predictive models over a range of all possible thresholds by using decision curve analysis (DCA). DCA has been developed within the expected utility theory (EUT) and expected regret theory (ERT) framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"189 ","pages":"77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41120260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Celebrations of Death. 死亡庆典。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0_22
Charles Pohl, Lynne Le Holsclaw
{"title":"Celebrations of Death.","authors":"Charles Pohl,&nbsp;Lynne Le Holsclaw","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0_22","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Across the world, societies have developed different customs, traditions, and practices to memorialize the death of a loved one. Commemorations vary greatly between cultures, and may incorporate different intensities of grieving and celebration. We have selected six unique cultural observances for the deceased which have found beauty and celebration in death.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"187 ","pages":"313-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41232538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Christianity. 基督教。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0_13
Terry L Irish
{"title":"Christianity.","authors":"Terry L Irish","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0_13","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0_13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Christian faith is founded on the principle that human life is sacred, a gift from God, the Heavenly Father. Christians live to love and glorify God. Throughout life, they witness a myriad of life events covering the spectrum from euphoric highs to devastating lows. Be it joy or sorrow, faith in God, having been established through a personal relationship with His Son, Jesus Christ of Nazareth as Savior and Lord, sustains and guides every step. The end of life is the closing earthly chapter, often shared with family members, a chaplain, parish pastor, or another spiritual care provider assisting the dying Christian with compassionate and significant conversations. It is a time to complete preparations for the final journey every Christian takes from this life into the glorious eternal life prepared in heaven with God the Heavenly Father, Jesus Christ the Savior, family, and friends who have gone before. This chapter examines various rituals and practices of the Christian faith observed during the end of life, legacy or life review, funeral practices, burial rituals following death, beliefs about the afterlife that inspire and inform the great hopes of Christian living, and bereavement support for grieving.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"187 ","pages":"181-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41232539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Seventh-Day Adventists. 基督复临安息日会教徒。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0_19
Isaac Vielma
{"title":"Seventh-Day Adventists.","authors":"Isaac Vielma","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0_19","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-29923-0_19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seventh-day Adventists are Christians that accept the Bible as their only creed. Seventh-day Adventists are part of a movement resulting from the Protestant conviction of sola scriptura, which recognizes the Bible as the only standard of faith and practice for Christians.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"187 ","pages":"275-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41232555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Combining Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) Inhibitors with Chemotherapeutic Agents: Promise and Challenges. 聚(adp -核糖)聚合酶(PARP)抑制剂与化疗药物联合:希望与挑战。
Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30065-3_9
Kyaw Zin Thein, Rajat Thawani, Shivaani Kummar
{"title":"Combining Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) Inhibitors with Chemotherapeutic Agents: Promise and Challenges.","authors":"Kyaw Zin Thein, Rajat Thawani, Shivaani Kummar","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-30065-3_9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-30065-3_9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Better understanding of molecular drivers and dysregulated pathways has furthered the concept of precision oncology and rational drug development. The role of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways has been extensively studied in carcinogenesis and as potential therapeutic targets to improve response to chemotherapy or overcome resistance. Treatment with small molecule inhibitors of PARP has resulted in clinical response and conferred survival benefit to patients with ovarian cancer, BRCA-mutant breast cancer, HRD-deficient prostate cancer and BRCA-mutant pancreatic cancer, leading to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals. However, the observed clinical benefit with single agent PARP inhibitors is limited to few tumor types within the relevant genetic context. Since DDR pathways are essential for repair of damage caused by cytotoxic agents, PARP inhibitors have been evaluated in combination with various chemotherapeutic agents to broaden the therapeutic application of this class of drugs. In this chapter, we discuss the combination of PARP inhibitors with different chemotherapeutics agents, clinical experience to date, lessons learnt, and future directions for this approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"186 ","pages":"143-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136396507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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