Cancer treatment and research最新文献

A NSQIP-Based Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Choice of Prophylactic Antibiotics for Pancreaticoduodenectomy. 一项基于 NSQIP 的随机临床试验，评估胰十二指肠切除术中预防性抗生素的选择。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_7

Brian C Brajcich, Clifford Y Ko, Jason B Liu, Ryan J Ellis, Michael I D'Angelica

{"title":"A NSQIP-Based Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Choice of Prophylactic Antibiotics for Pancreaticoduodenectomy.","authors":"Brian C Brajcich, Clifford Y Ko, Jason B Liu, Ryan J Ellis, Michael I D'Angelica","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_7","url":null,"abstract":"Surgical site infection is a common complication following pancreaticoduodenectomy and is a major source of postoperative morbidity. Surgical site infection is more common among patients who undergo preoperative biliary instrumentation, likely because of the introduction of intestinal flora into the normally sterile biliary tree. Frequently, bacterial isolates from surgical site infections after pancreaticoduodenectomy demonstrate resistance to the antibiotic agents typically used for surgical prophylaxis, suggesting that broad-spectrum coverage may be beneficial. This chapter summarizes the current evidence regarding surgical site infection following pancreatic surgery and describes the rationale and methodology underlying a multicenter randomized trial evaluating piperacillin-tazobactam compared with cefoxitin for surgical site infection prevention following pancreaticoduodenectomy. As the first U.S. randomized surgical trial to utilize a clinical registry for data collection, this study serves as proof of concept for registry-based clinical trials. The trial has successfully completed patient accrual, and study results are forthcoming.","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"192 ","pages":"131-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142116915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathologic Features of Primary Colon, Rectal, and Anal Malignancies. 原发性结肠、直肠和肛门恶性肿瘤的病理特征。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_12

Kusum Sharma, Kaitlin E Sundling, Ranran Zhang, Kristina A Matkowskyj

引用次数: 0

Environmental and Genetic Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer. 胃癌的环境和遗传风险因素。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_1

Dhavan Shah, David Bentrem

引用次数: 0

Cholangiocarcinoma. 胆管癌

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_9

Matthew E Dixon, Michael Williams, Sam G Pappas

引用次数: 0

Locoregional Therapies for Primary and Secondary Hepatic Malignancies. 原发性和继发性肝恶性肿瘤的局部治疗。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_11

Muhamad Serhal, Ahsun Riaz, Riad Salem, Robert J Lewandowski

引用次数: 0

Micronutrients Importance in Cancer Prevention-Vitamins. 微量营养素在预防癌症中的重要性--维生素。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_5

Rida Fatima Saeed, Shumaila Naz, Uzma Azeem Awan, Sana Gul, Fazli Subhan, Sidra Saeed

{"title":"Micronutrients Importance in Cancer Prevention-Vitamins.","authors":"Rida Fatima Saeed, Shumaila Naz, Uzma Azeem Awan, Sana Gul, Fazli Subhan, Sidra Saeed","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_5","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of nutrition in the development and prognosis of cancer has received a lot of attention. Research shows taking vitamins, which are powerful antioxidants, can significantly lower the risk of cancers. Nutritional supplements suited to a patient's background, genetics, diet, tumour histology, and therapy may be beneficial in some cases. A poor diet may have a negative impact on immunity and treatment tolerance, decreasing the efficacy of chemotherapy in destroying malignant cells. Most cancer patients now take vitamins to supplement regular treatment and/or to decrease side effects from the medicine as well as the underlying ailment. This is a new development in recent decades, whereas taking nutritional supplements while receiving cancer treatment may increase the success of chemotherapy. To enhance the quality of life, lengthen the survival rate, and sustain immunotherapy compliance, additional study into the use of micronutrients in medical treatment is required for cancer patients. The main purpose of this book chapter was to highlight the role of vitamins in cancer and to establish a solid foundation for future research on this exciting topic. The possible impact of some vitamins in various malignancies such as colorectal, breast, prostate, lung, pancreatic, and stomach cancers are investigated.","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"191 ","pages":"119-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gastrointestinal Malignancy: Genetic Implications to Clinical Applications. 胃肠道恶性肿瘤：遗传学对临床应用的影响。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_15

Hannah E Trembath, Jen Jen Yeh, Nicole E Lopez

引用次数: 0

Gallbladder Cancer. 胆囊癌

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61238-1_8

Clayton T Marcinak, Daniel E Abbott

引用次数: 0

Introduction to Nutrition and Cancer. 营养与癌症入门

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_1

Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Haneen Adel Basheer, Inas Almazari, Kawther Faisal Amawi

{"title":"Introduction to Nutrition and Cancer.","authors":"Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Haneen Adel Basheer, Inas Almazari, Kawther Faisal Amawi","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_1","url":null,"abstract":"By the beginning of the year 2021, the estimated number of new cancer cases worldwide was about 19.3 million and there were 10.0 million cancer-related deaths. Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide that can be attributed to genetic and environmental factors, including nutrition. The good nutrition concept focuses on the dietary requirements to sustain life. There is a substantial amount of evidence suggesting that a healthy diet can modulate cancer risk, particularly the risk of colorectal and breast cancers. Many studies have evaluated the correlation between our diet and the risk of cancer development, prevention, and treatment. The effect of diet on cancer development is likely to happen through intertwining mechanisms including inflammation and immune responses. For instance, a greater intake of red and processed meat along with low consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers that are implicated in cancer development. On the other hand, the consumption of phytosterols, vitamins, and minerals, which exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles have been linked to lower cancer risk, or even its occurrence prevention. In this book, we aim to summarize the current knowledge on the role of nutrition in cancer to provide the best scientific advice in this regard.","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"191 ","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the Role of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Development and Prevention of Cancer. 了解多不饱和脂肪酸在癌症发展和预防中的作用。

Cancer treatment and research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_3

Samina Akbar, Abdur Rahman, Nazir Ahmad, Muhammad Imran, Zeeshan Hafeez

{"title":"Understanding the Role of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Development and Prevention of Cancer.","authors":"Samina Akbar, Abdur Rahman, Nazir Ahmad, Muhammad Imran, Zeeshan Hafeez","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55622-7_3","url":null,"abstract":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), notably omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6), have received much attention owing to their multifaceted effects not only in the management of diverse pathological conditions but also in the maintenance of overall health of an individual. A disproportionately high n-6 to n-3 ratio contributes to the development of various disorders including cancer, which ranks as a leading cause of death worldwide with profound social and economic burden. Epidemiological studies and clinical trials combined with the animal and cell culture models have demonstrated the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs in reducing the risk of various cancer types including breast, prostate and colon cancer. The anti-cancer actions of n-3 PUFAs are mainly attributed to their role in the modulation of a wide array of cellular processes including membrane dynamics, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, gene expression and signal transduction pathways. On the contrary, n-6 PUFAs have been shown to exert pro-tumor actions; however, the inconsistent findings and controversial data emphasize upon the need to further investigation. Nevertheless, one of the biggest challenges in future is to optimize the n-6 to n-3 ratio despite the genetic predisposition, age, gender and disease severity. Moreover, a better understanding of the potential risks and benefits as well as the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the basic actions of these PUFAs is required to explore their role as adjuvants in cancer therapy. All these aspects will be reviewed in this chapter.","PeriodicalId":9486,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research","volume":"191 ","pages":"57-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0