Cardiovascular Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Tocilizumab does not ameliorate inflammation-induced left ventricular dysfunction in a collagen-induced arthritis rat model","authors":"Ashmeetha Manilall ,&nbsp;Lebogang Mokotedi ,&nbsp;Sulè Gunter ,&nbsp;Regina Le Roux ,&nbsp;Serena Fourie ,&nbsp;Aletta ME Millen","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an attractive therapeutic target due to its diverse roles in the pathogenesis of conditions characterized by systemic inflammation. IL-6 has also been implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure. This study aimed to investigate the impact of IL-6 receptor blockade with tocilizumab on the molecular pathways underlying systemic inflammation-induced left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-three Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control (n=28), CIA (n=29), and CIA+IL-6 blocker (n=16). Inflammation was induced in the CIA and CIA+IL-6 blocker groups using bovine type II collagen emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. After arthritis onset, the CIA+IL-6 blocker group received tocilizumab for six weeks. Circulating inflammatory markers, relative LV mRNA gene expressions, and LV systolic and diastolic function were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CIA rats developed LV diastolic and early-stage LV systolic dysfunction, which was not ameliorated by IL-6 blocker administration (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). IL-6 blocker administration did not impact circulating inflammatory markers (all <em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) or LV mRNA expression of inflammatory markers compared to the CIA group, nor did it reverse inflammation-induced increases in LV mRNA expression of genes involved in fibrosis and collagen turnover, regulation of titin phosphorylation, Ca²⁺ handling, mitochondrial function, or apoptosis (all <em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). However, LV mRNA expressions of <em>CD68</em> and <em>LOX</em>, genes involved in macrophage infiltration and collagen cross-linking, were increased in the CIA group (<em>p</em> = 0.03, <em>p</em> = 0.0004), but not in the CIA+IL-6 blocker group compared to controls (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results suggest that although IL-6 blockade by tocilizumab may prevent inflammation-induced collagen cross-linking, the current treatment regimen may not protect against inflammation-induced LV dysfunction. Therefore, the role of IL-6 in the molecular mechanisms of inflammation-induced LV dysfunction remains inconclusive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Comparative evaluation of local and downstream responses in two commercially available paclitaxel-coated balloons in healthy peripheral arteries of a swine model”","authors":"María Gracia de Garnica García ,&nbsp;Laura Mola Mola Solà ,&nbsp;Claudia Pérez-Martínez ,&nbsp;Luis Duocastella Codina ,&nbsp;María Molina Crisol ,&nbsp;Alex Gómez Castel ,&nbsp;Armando Pérez de Prado","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107710","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Takayasu arteritis with medio-medial intussusception?","authors":"Pradeep Vaideeswar ,&nbsp;Pranav Bhatia ,&nbsp;Bharati Malankar","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present an autopsy case of a child with Takayasu arteritis who succumbed due to cerebrovascular accident with an interesting finding in the inflamed aorta. On account of necro-inflammatory changes in the media of the distal descending thoracic aorta coupled with the shear stress of accelerated hypertension, there was a medial detachment, which migrated and lay between the intima and media of the abdominal aorta. This displacement was visualized on gross and histopathological examination as a ‘laminated’ appearance of coils of discontinuous inflamed tunica media, reminiscent of a hydatid cyst, which has been designated as medio-medial intussusceptions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVER 4: Table of Contents/Barcode PMS 200","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1054-8807(24)00104-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1054-8807(24)00104-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107708"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVER 3: Editorial Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1054-8807(24)00103-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1054-8807(24)00103-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant cell aortitis combined with arteritis and coarctation of the aorta in 3.5-month child: A case report and literature review","authors":"Yuliia Kuzyk,&nbsp;Dmytro Zerbino,&nbsp;Olga Kovalyk","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A present case showing giant cell aortitis (GGA) with coarctation of the aorta can be considered unique, even after reviewing the literature. The case of a 3.5-month-old girl who suffered an acute viral infection with an increase in body temperature (up to 39.5°C), difficulty breathing, and diarrhea is described. The girl was diagnosed with nasopharyngitis, enterocolitis, meningoencephalitis; she died 20 hours after being hospitalized from multiple organ failure. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, and a pathological examination was performed. Histological examination of the aorta and its main branches, such as the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery, as well as internal organs, was performed using hematoxylin-eosin, Hart's resorcin-fuchsin, Weigert's picrofuchsin, and Masson's trichrome. Pathological examination revealed giant cell aortitis and arteritis with coarctation of the aorta. GCA, in our case, had pathomorphological signs. First, many plaques that protruded into the lumen of the aorta and main branches, such as the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery, had a conical end that resembled the appearance of a rash. Second, granulomatous inflammation was localized in the intima of the aorta and all layers of the above-mentioned arteries.</div><div>Our case of GCA in a 3.5-month-old girl is the youngest patient among those described. We first describe GCA in relation to other severe aortic diseases. Coarctation, in combination with an aneurysm of the ascending aorta and aortitis, is a pathology that has not yet been described.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cause of death for heart transplant patients, an autopsy study","authors":"Justin Burk,&nbsp;Cory T. Bernadt,&nbsp;Jon Ritter,&nbsp;Chieh-Yu Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Heart transplantations are lifesaving for patients with end-stage heart failure. It is pertinent for the multidisciplinary care team to understand how heart transplant patients succumbed to death and the complications that occurred. In this study, we performed a comprehensive retrospective review of all the autopsies performed in our institute for heart transplant patients and report the trend of demographic data, cause of death, and autopsy findings.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Reports, photos, and slides of autopsies performed at our institute from 1990 to 2023 for heart transplant patients were reviewed. Pertinent demographic data (age, gender, pretransplant diagnosis), clinical data (clinical history of rejection, complication, time interval from transplant to death, clinical cause of death) and pathological findings (allograft pathology, infectious etiology, other findings related to cause of death) were reviewed, documented, and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 88 cases, consisting of 53 male and 35 female patients. The median age at transplant was 26 years, while 28.5 years was the median age at death. The median interval from transplant to death was 10 months. The cases were classified in three categories based on length of survival post-transplant: Superacute (&lt;1 month, 21%), Early (1 month-12 months, 30%), and Late (&gt; 12 months, 49%). Slides were unavailable for review in 15 cases, which were excluded from cause of death (COD) evaluation. We categorized 41.1% of cases as allograft-related COD and 58.9% as non-allograft-related COD. Six of the CODs were not perceived premortem. These unexpected CODs included moderate/severe acute cellular rejection in a patient with a recently negative biopsy, dehiscent suture caused by a fungal abscess, an aorto-bronchial fistula, CMV myocarditis, acute abdominal bleeding, and ruptured atherosclerotic plaques with acute myocardial infarction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We systematically reviewed 33 years of heart transplant autopsies. We found that 41.1% of deaths were allograft related, with infection being the most frequent COD. While the rate of unexpected findings was low, the findings demonstrate the continued utility of autopsy in patient evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of atherosclerosis and medial degeneration in human ascending aorta","authors":"Aaron Huhta ,&nbsp;Timo Paavonen ,&nbsp;Ari Mennander ,&nbsp;Ivana Kholová","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The previous understanding has been that atherosclerosis tends to increase distally from the ascending aorta, but recent studies and practical experience have indicated that atherosclerosis occurs in the ascending aorta more than previously thought. Medial degeneration is linked to aortic aneurysms, dissection and dilatation and has been related to increased mortality. There is a lack of data on the coexistence of atherosclerosis and medial degeneration in the ascending aorta and its outcome to clinical morbidity and mortality. Earlier studies have shown coexisting atherosclerosis and medial degeneration as significant risk indicators for coronary and cerebrovascular events. We aimed to analyze aortic specimens classified according to the consensus documents of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology and the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology particularly the comparison of variable morphological features with the atherosclerotic grade to gain more data about the coexistence of atherosclerosis and medial degeneration. We evaluated 217 specimens of human ascending aorta resected at Tampere University Heart Hospital because of aortic aneurysm, dissection or dilatation. None of the samples contained normal aortic morphology; atherosclerosis was found in a total of 75.8 % of the samples and medial degeneration in all the samples. The present study is mostly in agreement with earlier research regarding the prevalence of different histological findings, even though a higher prevalence of atherosclerosis was found compared with most studies. There was no statistically significant association between atherosclerosis and medial degeneration, but a higher atherosclerotic grade was significantly associated with the presence of smooth muscle cell nuclei loss, smooth muscle cell disorganisation, elastic fibre thinning and medial fibrosis. Our study reinforces the perception that atherosclerotic lesions significantly occur in the ascending aorta and coexist with individual components of the medial degeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden cardiac death caused by Kawasaki coronary artery vasculitis in a child with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Case report and literature review","authors":"Cecilia Salzillo ,&nbsp;Monica De Gaspari ,&nbsp;Cristina Basso ,&nbsp;Mariantonietta Francavilla ,&nbsp;Francesco De Leonardis ,&nbsp;Andrea Marzullo","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coronary artery vasculitis is a rare pathological condition and is often a manifestation of systemic vasculitis, such as Polyarteritis Nodosa, Kawasaki Disease, Takayasu Arteritis, and Giant Cell Arteritis, with Kawasaki Disease being the most common cause in children.</div><div>We present the autopsy case of a 6-year-old boy with classic Hodgkin lymphoma who died of sudden cardiac death due to thrombosis caused by vasculitis, which exclusively affected the coronary arteries and was suggestive of Kawasaki Disease.</div><div>To further investigate the histological features of Kawasaki Disease across all age groups, we conducted a literature review using the search terms “Kawasaki AND vasculitis AND histopathology” and “Kawasaki vasculitis histopathology” in Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed, covering the period from 1967 to 2023.</div><div>The inclusion criteria were as follows: coronary histology (inflammation and/or aneurysm and/or thrombosis), postmortem studies, English language, free articles, all age groups, case reports, and case series.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking vascular vitality: Exploring the impact of LIMA harvesting technique on endothelial health","authors":"Serkan Mola ,&nbsp;Alp Yıldırım ,&nbsp;Nilüfer Onak Kandemir ,&nbsp;Gökay Deniz ,&nbsp;Enis Burak Gül ,&nbsp;Ertekin Utku Ünal","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigates the impact of different harvesting techniques on the morphology and endothelial function of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) grafts in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-three patients undergoing elective CABG were randomly assigned to two groups based on the harvesting technique: traditional clipping and nonclipping. Histological analyses revealed that arteries in the nonclipped group exhibited greater dilation and preserved endothelial integrity compared to the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The nonclipped group exhibited greater arterial dilation and preserved endothelial integrity compared to the clipped group. Immunostaining for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) showed significantly higher expression in the nonclipped group, conversly COX-2 staining showed fewer expression in the nonclipped group indicating better endothelial function preservation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that maintaining perfusion during LIMA harvesting may improve endothelial function and potentially enhance graft patency in the long term. Further research is warranted to validate these results and optimize harvesting techniques for CABG procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}