Cardiovascular Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Sudden death in a case of triple-vessel, non-atherosclerotic, diffuse ectasia and aneurysmal dilatations of the coronary arteries: An autopsy report","authors":"Shatishraj Jothee ,&nbsp;Zhao Peng Koo ,&nbsp;Mary N. Sheppard ,&nbsp;Tuan Minanoriah binti Tuan Muda","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aneurysmal Coronary Artery Disease (ACAD) can occur as localized dilations of a segment of one or more coronary arteries or diffuse ectasia-type dilatations of one or more coronaries. Atherosclerosis remains the most common cause of these aneurysms, with Kawasaki Disease being implicated in the Asian population. We present a case of a 62-year-old Asian woman who dies suddenly with no prior symptoms. and underwent an autopsy. Her heart showed diffuse aneurysmal dilatations of the epicardial coronary arteries, with a giant saccular aneurysm of the left main coronary artery. Histopathology revealed medial degeneration of the aneurysmal wall with no evidence of atheroma or vasculitis. Following a review of the pathological causes of coronary aneurysms, it is likely that the cause of such diffuse dilatations of the coronaries could be previous vasculitis such as Kawasaki disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142926595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid versus slow degeneration and complications of biomaterials in patients with congenital heart disease","authors":"Armin Darius Peivandi ,&nbsp;Michael Holtkamp ,&nbsp;Hennes Rave ,&nbsp;Lars Linsen ,&nbsp;Sven Martens ,&nbsp;Klaus-Michael Müller ,&nbsp;Uwe Karst ,&nbsp;Sabrina Martens","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Re-operations due to material degeneration carry a burden for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). The study aim was to compare rapid vs. slow degeneration of biomaterials in CHD patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Explants from re-operations of 29 CHD patients (2015-2022) were grouped according to the duration of implantation (short implantation &lt; 3 years (n = 16) vs. long implantation 10-15 years (n = 13)). Histologic processing and staining allowed tissue and calcification analysis. Micro-X-ray fluorescence (µXRF) was used for elemental analysis. Semi-quantitative comparison of calcium was conducted using a self-developed software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thrombosis was recurrently observed in short-implanted RVOT samples. 62.5 % (n = 10) of short-implanted samples showed calcification in Alizarin red staining, in comparison to 69.2 % (n = 9) in the long-implanted group. µXRF analysis revealed calcium deposits in all patients, mostly co-localized with phosphorus. In the short implant group, other detected elements included iron, chlorine, chromium, nickel, titanium and zinc. In the long implant group, iron, nickel, titanium, zinc, copper and iodine were found. No significant difference in calcification (Ca-Si-ratio) between both implantation groups (p = 0.083) was found.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Thrombus formation is a main rapid degeneration cause in the RVOT. Deteriorations of biomaterials in CHD patients show strong parallels to bioprosthetic valve degenerations. Early calcification in young patients is supported by our semi-quantitative calcium analysis. The role of other elements in graft degeneration remains to be assessed in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between myocardial fibrosis and left bundle branch block. Does it exist?","authors":"Elena Rimskaya ,&nbsp;Olga Aparina ,&nbsp;Olga Stukalova ,&nbsp;Semen Kormilitsyn ,&nbsp;Nataliia Mironova ,&nbsp;Petr Chumachenko ,&nbsp;Sergey Ternovoy ,&nbsp;Sergey Golitsyn","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>to assess the relation of focal and diffuse left ventricular (LV) fibrosis to left bundle branch block (LBBB).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>60 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and LBBB (DCM-LBBB), 50 DCM-nonLBBB patients, 15 patients with LBBB and structurally normal heart (idiopathic LBBB) and 10 healthy volunteers (HV) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). LGE LV images were post-proceeded for core scar (CS) and gray zone (GZ) calculation. Diffuse LV fibrosis was estimated on LGE-CMR images with the diffuse intensity ratio (DIR). Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) was performed in 15(24.6 %) DCM-LBBB and 16 (32 %) non-LBBB DCM patients and allowed the quantification of collagen volume fraction (CVF).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The percentage of CVF correlated with the DIR value in the same segment (<em>r</em> = 0.66, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The value of CVF in EMB and frequency of LGE in both DCM groups was comparable (<em>p</em> = 0.8). In DCM-nonLBBB patients the percentage of CS was significantly higher (4.0[1.6; 11.7]% versus 1.4[0.1;8.5]% in DCM-LBBB patients, <em>p</em> = 0.047), whereas percentage of GZ and total fibrosis in both DCM groups was comparable. DIR value was higher in patients with idiopathic LBBB than in HV (0.54±0.09 versus 0.34±0.1, р&lt;0,001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Neither focal nor interstitial fibrosis is associated with LBBB in DCM patients. Diffuse inflammation in DCM-LBBB patients may contribute to the progression of systolic dysfunction but is not a cause of LBBB. The increased value of interstitial fibrosis in patients with idiopathic LBBB may reflect latent diffuse process in myocardium inexorably leading to DCM development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tocilizumab does not ameliorate inflammation-induced left ventricular dysfunction in a collagen-induced arthritis rat model","authors":"Ashmeetha Manilall ,&nbsp;Lebogang Mokotedi ,&nbsp;Sulè Gunter ,&nbsp;Regina Le Roux ,&nbsp;Serena Fourie ,&nbsp;Aletta ME Millen","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an attractive therapeutic target due to its diverse roles in the pathogenesis of conditions characterized by systemic inflammation. IL-6 has also been implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure. This study aimed to investigate the impact of IL-6 receptor blockade with tocilizumab on the molecular pathways underlying systemic inflammation-induced left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-three Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control (n=28), CIA (n=29), and CIA+IL-6 blocker (n=16). Inflammation was induced in the CIA and CIA+IL-6 blocker groups using bovine type II collagen emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. After arthritis onset, the CIA+IL-6 blocker group received tocilizumab for six weeks. Circulating inflammatory markers, relative LV mRNA gene expressions, and LV systolic and diastolic function were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CIA rats developed LV diastolic and early-stage LV systolic dysfunction, which was not ameliorated by IL-6 blocker administration (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). IL-6 blocker administration did not impact circulating inflammatory markers (all <em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) or LV mRNA expression of inflammatory markers compared to the CIA group, nor did it reverse inflammation-induced increases in LV mRNA expression of genes involved in fibrosis and collagen turnover, regulation of titin phosphorylation, Ca²⁺ handling, mitochondrial function, or apoptosis (all <em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). However, LV mRNA expressions of <em>CD68</em> and <em>LOX</em>, genes involved in macrophage infiltration and collagen cross-linking, were increased in the CIA group (<em>p</em> = 0.03, <em>p</em> = 0.0004), but not in the CIA+IL-6 blocker group compared to controls (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results suggest that although IL-6 blockade by tocilizumab may prevent inflammation-induced collagen cross-linking, the current treatment regimen may not protect against inflammation-induced LV dysfunction. Therefore, the role of IL-6 in the molecular mechanisms of inflammation-induced LV dysfunction remains inconclusive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Comparative evaluation of local and downstream responses in two commercially available paclitaxel-coated balloons in healthy peripheral arteries of a swine model”","authors":"María Gracia de Garnica García ,&nbsp;Laura Mola Mola Solà ,&nbsp;Claudia Pérez-Martínez ,&nbsp;Luis Duocastella Codina ,&nbsp;María Molina Crisol ,&nbsp;Alex Gómez Castel ,&nbsp;Armando Pérez de Prado","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107710","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Takayasu arteritis with medio-medial intussusception?","authors":"Pradeep Vaideeswar ,&nbsp;Pranav Bhatia ,&nbsp;Bharati Malankar","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present an autopsy case of a child with Takayasu arteritis who succumbed due to cerebrovascular accident with an interesting finding in the inflamed aorta. On account of necro-inflammatory changes in the media of the distal descending thoracic aorta coupled with the shear stress of accelerated hypertension, there was a medial detachment, which migrated and lay between the intima and media of the abdominal aorta. This displacement was visualized on gross and histopathological examination as a ‘laminated’ appearance of coils of discontinuous inflamed tunica media, reminiscent of a hydatid cyst, which has been designated as medio-medial intussusceptions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 107709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVER 4: Table of Contents/Barcode PMS 200","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1054-8807(24)00104-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1054-8807(24)00104-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107708"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVER 3: Editorial Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1054-8807(24)00103-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1054-8807(24)00103-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant cell aortitis combined with arteritis and coarctation of the aorta in 3.5-month child: A case report and literature review","authors":"Yuliia Kuzyk,&nbsp;Dmytro Zerbino,&nbsp;Olga Kovalyk","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A present case showing giant cell aortitis (GGA) with coarctation of the aorta can be considered unique, even after reviewing the literature. The case of a 3.5-month-old girl who suffered an acute viral infection with an increase in body temperature (up to 39.5°C), difficulty breathing, and diarrhea is described. The girl was diagnosed with nasopharyngitis, enterocolitis, meningoencephalitis; she died 20 hours after being hospitalized from multiple organ failure. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, and a pathological examination was performed. Histological examination of the aorta and its main branches, such as the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery, as well as internal organs, was performed using hematoxylin-eosin, Hart's resorcin-fuchsin, Weigert's picrofuchsin, and Masson's trichrome. Pathological examination revealed giant cell aortitis and arteritis with coarctation of the aorta. GCA, in our case, had pathomorphological signs. First, many plaques that protruded into the lumen of the aorta and main branches, such as the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery, had a conical end that resembled the appearance of a rash. Second, granulomatous inflammation was localized in the intima of the aorta and all layers of the above-mentioned arteries.</div><div>Our case of GCA in a 3.5-month-old girl is the youngest patient among those described. We first describe GCA in relation to other severe aortic diseases. Coarctation, in combination with an aneurysm of the ascending aorta and aortitis, is a pathology that has not yet been described.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cause of death for heart transplant patients, an autopsy study","authors":"Justin Burk,&nbsp;Cory T. Bernadt,&nbsp;Jon Ritter,&nbsp;Chieh-Yu Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Heart transplantations are lifesaving for patients with end-stage heart failure. It is pertinent for the multidisciplinary care team to understand how heart transplant patients succumbed to death and the complications that occurred. In this study, we performed a comprehensive retrospective review of all the autopsies performed in our institute for heart transplant patients and report the trend of demographic data, cause of death, and autopsy findings.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Reports, photos, and slides of autopsies performed at our institute from 1990 to 2023 for heart transplant patients were reviewed. Pertinent demographic data (age, gender, pretransplant diagnosis), clinical data (clinical history of rejection, complication, time interval from transplant to death, clinical cause of death) and pathological findings (allograft pathology, infectious etiology, other findings related to cause of death) were reviewed, documented, and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 88 cases, consisting of 53 male and 35 female patients. The median age at transplant was 26 years, while 28.5 years was the median age at death. The median interval from transplant to death was 10 months. The cases were classified in three categories based on length of survival post-transplant: Superacute (&lt;1 month, 21%), Early (1 month-12 months, 30%), and Late (&gt; 12 months, 49%). Slides were unavailable for review in 15 cases, which were excluded from cause of death (COD) evaluation. We categorized 41.1% of cases as allograft-related COD and 58.9% as non-allograft-related COD. Six of the CODs were not perceived premortem. These unexpected CODs included moderate/severe acute cellular rejection in a patient with a recently negative biopsy, dehiscent suture caused by a fungal abscess, an aorto-bronchial fistula, CMV myocarditis, acute abdominal bleeding, and ruptured atherosclerotic plaques with acute myocardial infarction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We systematically reviewed 33 years of heart transplant autopsies. We found that 41.1% of deaths were allograft related, with infection being the most frequent COD. While the rate of unexpected findings was low, the findings demonstrate the continued utility of autopsy in patient evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"74 ","pages":"Article 107701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}