Cardiovascular Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Re: Nair et al. Consensus statement on the processing, interpretation and reporting of temporal artery biopsy for arteritis","authors":"Dilek Taze , Aruna Chakrabarty , Sarah Mackie , Raashid Luqmani , Maria C. Cid , Ann W. Morgan , Kathryn Griffin , the AHEADgca research group","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107621","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 107621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139746175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are telocytes related to maintenance of vascular homeostasis in normal and pathological aorta?","authors":"Luciano Figueiredo Borges ,&nbsp;Rafael Souza Pereira Falcão ,&nbsp;Sebastião Roberto Taboga ,&nbsp;Paulo Sampaio Gutierrez ,&nbsp;Jean-Baptiste Michel","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The telocyte (TC) is a new interstitial cell type described in a wide variety of organs and loose connective tissues around small vessels, but its presence in large arteries remains unexplored. TCs have small cell bodies and remarkably thin, long, moniliform processes called telopods (Tps). Using transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence, we identified TCs in normal human thoracic aortas and in those with aneurysm or acute dissection (TAAD). In normal aortas the TCs were distributed throughout the connective tissue of the adventitial layer, in its innermost portion and at the zone of transition with the medial layer, with their long axes oriented parallel to the external elastic lamellae, forming a three-dimensional network, without prevalence in the media layer. In contrast, TAAD TCs were present in the medial layer and in regions of neovascularization. The most important feature of the adventitia of diseased aortas was the presence of numerous contacts between TCs and stem cells, including vascular progenitor cells. Although the biologically functional correlations need to be elucidated, the morphological observations presented here provide strong evidence of the involvement of TCs in maintaining vascular homeostasis in pathological situations of tissue injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 107617"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139661729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commotio cordis: Another cardiac arrest “sine materia”. The 1707 early report and interpretation by Giovanni Maria Lancis","authors":"Daniela Marrone,&nbsp;Cristina Basso,&nbsp;Gaetano Thiene","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sudden death by commotio cordis is rare. It is the consequence of a blunt trauma of the chest overlying the heart.</p><p>The mechanism is a cardiac arrest by ventricular fibrillation in the absence of grossly or microscopically apparent myocardial injury. It has been reproduced in animals. The first historical case was reported by Giovanni Maria Lancisi in his book \"De Subitaneis Mortibus'' published in 1707. Sudden death occurred in a man receiving a powerful blow under the xiphoid cartilage. Lancisi advanced the hypothesis of acute heart failure by a diastolic stand still (\"death in diastole'').</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 107606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in subtle cystic tumors of the atrioventricular node: Five autopsy cases","authors":"Hisanori Muramatsu ,&nbsp;Kumiko Asakura ,&nbsp;Tadashi Hosoya ,&nbsp;Akira Kurosu","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cystic tumor of the atrioventricular node (CTAVN) is the most common primary cardiac tumor cause of sudden death but is rarely found during forensic autopsy. We present five autopsy cases of sudden death from undiagnosed CTAVN. The tumors varied in their histological appearance, which may be related to their variation in clinical presentation. Some of the cases had been diagnosed with epilepsy before death; it seems that syncopal attacks caused by CTAVN may be misdiagnosed as epilepsy. When performing forensic autopsy, CTAVN should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sudden death. Careful examination of the cardiac conduction system is important in every sudden death case regardless of age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 107607"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139519454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bicuspid aortic valve: The most frequent and not so benign congenital heart disease","authors":"Gaetano Thiene,&nbsp;Stefania Rizzo,&nbsp;Cristina Basso","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most frequent congenital heart disease, with an incidence of approximately 1%. It can be silent and associated with normal valve function. However, a series of complications, even catastrophic, may occur with time: valve incompetence, valve stenosis by dystrophic calcification, infective endocarditis, progressive dilatation of the ascending aorta, aortic dissection, sudden death.</p><p>The problem of BAV is not just about the number of semilunar cusps, but also the aortic wall. Severe noninflammatory degenerative changes (elastic fiber fragmentation, smooth muscle cells death, mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation=MEMA) are observed in the aortic wall of BAV patients, with intrinsic weakness accounting for progressive aneurysmal dilatation of the ascending aorta, valve incompetence, and wall dissection. The link between valve and aortic wall pathology finds most probably an explanation in the embryology of the arterial pole since neurocrestal cells play a role in the development of both the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and semilunar valves. The frequent association of adult aortic coarctation and BAV provides evidence for this hypothesis. BAV has a significant genetic component as to require screening of first-degree relatives, as outlined by AHA/ACC 2022 guidelines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 107604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054880724000012/pdfft?md5=1be65894e8bcdd8a283b7b759433c1da&pid=1-s2.0-S1054880724000012-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neovascularization of native cardiac valves, and correlation with histopathologic, clinical, and radiologic features","authors":"Simona Pichler Sekulic,&nbsp;Miroslav Sekulic","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Native cardiac valves in the setting of chronic injury undergo remodeling that includes fibrous thickening and dystrophic calcification, as well as neovascularization, that result in abnormal valve function. In order to characterize the presence of neovascularization in valves, a retrospective review of 1246 sequentially reviewed native cardiac valves of all types was performed, with correlation with other histopathologic features, and clinical and echocardiographic findings. Neovascularization was present in 55.5% of cases, with the greatest prevalence amongst aortic valves. While microvasculature (representing capillaries, venules, and/or lymphatics) was at least present in all cases of valves with neovascularization, arterial vessels were never identified in valves without also the finding of concomitant microvasculature present. Patients with neovascularization had a greater mean age and body mass index compared to those without, and the proportions of cases with significant coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, rheumatic fever, and malignancy were greater in the setting of valves with neovascularization compared to cases without. The rate of neovascularization increased with degree of valve thickening and/or calcification, and stenosis; in contrast, neovascularization was observed at a greater rate with decreasing degrees of regurgitation. The prevalence rates of hemosiderin-laden macrophages, osseous metaplasia, chondromatous metaplasia, smooth muscle, and chronic inflammation were greater in valves with neovascularization compared to valves without. Neovascularization within native cardiac valves is a frequent histopathologic alteration associated with chronic valve disease, likely representing a constituent of structural remodeling that mediates and reflects chronic injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 107605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139511846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detailed study of collagen, vasculature, and innervation in the human cardiac conduction system","authors":"Denis Depes ,&nbsp;Ari Mennander ,&nbsp;Timo Paavonen ,&nbsp;Mary N. Sheppard ,&nbsp;Ivana Kholová","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The cardiac conduction system (CCS) creates and propagates electrical signals generating the heartbeat. This study aimed to assess the collagen content, vasculature, and innervation in the human sinoatrial and atrioventricular CCS, and surrounding tissue.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Ten sinoatrial and 17 atrioventricular CCS samples were collected from 17 adult human autopsied hearts. Masson trichrome stain was used to examine collagen, cardiomyocytes, and fat proportions. Immunohistochemically, vessels and lymphatics were studied by CD31 (pan-endothelial marker) and D2-40 (lymphatic endothelium marker) antibodies. General nerve densities were assessed by S100, while sympathetic nerves were studied using tyrosine hydroxylase, parasympathetic nerves with choline acetyltransferase, and GAP43 (neural growth marker) antibodies looked at these components. All components were quantified with QuPath software (Queens University, Belfast, Northern Ireland).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Interstitial collagen was more than two times higher in the sinoatrial vs. atrioventricular CCS (55% vs. 22%). The fat content was 6.3% in the sinoatrial CCS and 6.5% in the atrioventricular CCS. The lymphatic vessel density was increased in the sinoatrial and atrioventricular CCS compared to the surrounding tissue and was lower in the sinoatrial vs. atrioventricular CCS (<em>P</em>=.043). The overall vasculature density did not differ between the SA and AV CCS. The overall innervation and neural growth densities were significantly increased in the CCS compared to the surrounding tissue. The overall innervation was higher in the atrial vs. ventricular CCS (<em>P</em>=.018). The neural growth was higher in the atrial vs. ventricular CCS (<em>P</em>=.018). The sympathetic neural supply was dominant in all the studied regions with the highest density in the sinoatrial CCS.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results provide new insights into the unique morphology of the human CCS collagen, fat, vasculature, and innervation. A deeper understanding of the CCS anatomical components and morphologic substrates’ role will help in elucidating the causes of cardiac arrhythmias and provide a basis for further therapeutic interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 107603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S105488072300087X/pdfft?md5=66ece28177e642d03ea20882f8536dcc&pid=1-s2.0-S105488072300087X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138688903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Society for cardiovascular pathology journal club: fulminant myocarditis proven by early biopsy and outcomes","authors":"Carla Giordano","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107600","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 107600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138689018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cardiac intimal sarcoma mimicking infective endocarditis","authors":"Emma Bergonzoni ,&nbsp;Monica De Gaspari ,&nbsp;Augusto D'Onofrio ,&nbsp;Giorgia Cibin ,&nbsp;Stefania Rizzo ,&nbsp;Cristina Basso ,&nbsp;Gino Gerosa","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Primary malignant cardiac tumors are rare and usually misdiagnosed because they can mimic more common intracardiac lesions, therefore, in clinical practice it is important to always consider even uncommon diseases in order to avoid delayed diagnosis and to plan the most appropriate therapeutic strategy in a timely fashion. We report a case of a 73-year-old man with clinical signs and imaging findings (echocardiography) suggesting infective bacterial endocarditis of the mitral valve. However, intraoperative evaluation raised suspicion that the mitral lesions had a different nature. Surgical removal of the mass was performed, and the final correct diagnosis was made through pathologic examination, revealing a mitral valve sarcoma thus allowing for the beginning of specific oncological treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 107598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054880723000820/pdfft?md5=cc5aa4adc92ee8c904614410f026254c&pid=1-s2.0-S1054880723000820-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138689014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fetal rat model of ventricular noncompaction caused by intrauterine hyperglycemia","authors":"Fanglu Wang,&nbsp;Songbo Han,&nbsp;Ligang Fang,&nbsp;Xue Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study aims to develop a fetal rat model of ventricular noncompaction (NVM) using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced gestational hyperglycemia and compare it with a retinoic acid (RA) model.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Female SD rats were categorized into STZ, RA, and normal control (NC) groups. The STZ group was given a high-fat diet pre-pregnancy and 35 mg/kg of 2% STZ postpregnancy. The RA group received a 90 mg/kg dose of RA on day 13 postpregnancy. Embryonic myocardial morphology was analyzed through HE staining, and embryonic cardiomyocyte ultrastructures were studied using electron microscopy. Diagnoses of NVM were based on a ratio of noncompact myocardium (N) to compact myocardium (C) &gt;1.4, accompanied by thick myocardial trabeculae and a thin myocardial compaction layer. Kruskal-Wallis test determined N/C ratio differences among groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Both STZ and RA groups displayed significant NVM characteristics. The left ventricular (LV) N/C in the STZ, RA, and NC groups were 1.983 (1.423-3.527), 1.640 (1.197-2.895), and 0.927 (0.806-1.087), respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P&lt;0.001). The right ventricular (RV) N/C in the STZ, RA, and NC groups were 2.097 (1.364-3.081), 1.897 (1.337-2.662), and 0.869 (0.732-1.022), respectively, with a significant difference (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001). Electron microscopy highlighted marked endoplasmic reticulum swelling in embryonic cardiomyocytes from both STZ and RA groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our model underscores the pivotal role of an adverse intrauterine developmental environment in the onset of NVM. This insight holds significant implications for future studies exploring the pathogenesis of NVM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9451,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Pathology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 107601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054880723000856/pdfft?md5=4ce2dc43c40943b47c8188c3dd101437&pid=1-s2.0-S1054880723000856-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138562907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}