Schizophrenia bulletin open最新文献

{"title":"Using Task-fMRI to Explore the Relationship Between Lifetime Cannabis Use and Cognitive Control in Individuals with First Episode Schizophrenia","authors":"T. Lesh, Joshua P Rhilinger, Rylee Brower, Alex M. Mawla, J. Ragland, T. Niendam, C. S. Carter","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While continued cannabis use and misuse in individuals with schizophrenia is associated with a variety of negative outcomes, individuals with a history of use tend to show higher cognitive performance compared to non-users. While this is replicated in the literature, few studies have used task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate whether the brain networks underpinning these cognitive features are similarly impacted. Forty-eight first episode individuals with schizophrenia (FES) with a history of cannabis use (FES+CAN), 28 FES individuals with no history of cannabis use (FES-CAN), and 59 controls (CON) performed the AX-Continuous Performance Task during fMRI. FES+CAN showed higher cognitive control performance (d’-context) compared to FES-CAN (p<.05, ηp2=.053), and both FES+CAN (p<.05, ηp2=.049) and FES-CAN (p<.001, ηp2=.216) showed lower performance compared to CON. FES+CAN (p<.05, ηp2=.055) and CON (p<.05, ηp2=.058) showed higher dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activation during the task compared to FES-CAN, while FES+CAN and CON were not significantly different. Within the FES+CAN group, younger age of initiation of cannabis use was associated with lower IQ and lower global functioning. More frequent use was also associated with higher reality distortion symptoms at the time of the scan. These data are consistent with previous literature suggesting that individuals with schizophrenia and a history of cannabis use have higher cognitive control performance. For the first time, we also reveal that FES+CAN have higher DLPFC brain activity during cognitive control compared to FES-CAN. Several possible explanations for these findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"69 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141806661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"My Impulsivity.","authors":"Jason Jepson","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"5 1","pages":"sgae014"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11207664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological treatment of Cognitive Impairment Associated with Schizophrenia: state of the art and future perspectives","authors":"Antonio Vita, Gabriele Nibbio, Stefano Barlati","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Cognitive Impairment Associated with Schizophrenia (CIAS) represents one of the core dimensions of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD), with an important negative impact on real-world functional outcomes of people living with SSD.\u0000 Treatment of CIAS represents a therapeutic goal of considerable importance, and while cognition-oriented evidence-based psychosocial interventions are available, effective pharmacological treatment could represent a game-changer in the lives of people with SSD.\u0000 The present critical review reports and discusses the evidence regarding the effects of several pharmacological agents that are available in clinical practice or are under study, commenting on both current and future perspectives of CIAS treatment.\u0000 In particular, the effects on CIAS of antipsychotic medications, anticholinergic medications, benzodiazepines, which are currently commonly used in the treatment of SSD, and of iclepertin, D-serine, luvadaxistat, xanomeline-trospium, ulotaront, anti-inflammatory molecules, and oxytocin, which are undergoing regulatory trials or can be considered as experimental agents, will be reported and discussed.\u0000 Currently available pharmacological agents do not appear to provide substantial benefits on CIAS, but an accurate management of antipsychotic medications and avoiding treatments that can further exacerbate CIAS represent important strategies. Some molecules that are currently being investigated in Phase 2 and Phase 3 trials have provided very promising preliminary results, but more information is currently required to assess their effectiveness in real-world contexts and to provide clear recommendations regarding their use in clinical practice. The results of ongoing and future studies will reveal whether any of these molecules represents the awaited pharmacological game-changer in the treatment of CIAS.","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141103113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical Network Disruption Is Minimal in Early Stages of Psychosis.","authors":"Peter C Van Dyken, Michael MacKinley, Ali R Khan, Lena Palaniyappan","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and hypothesis: </strong>Schizophrenia is associated with white matter disruption and topological reorganization of cortical connectivity but the trajectory of these changes, from the first psychotic episode to established illness, is poorly understood. Current studies in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) suggest such disruption may be detectable at the onset of psychosis, but specific results vary widely, and few reports have contextualized their findings with direct comparison to young adults with established illness.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Diffusion and T1-weighted 7T MR scans were obtained from <i>N</i> = 112 individuals (58 with untreated FEP, 17 with established schizophrenia, 37 healthy controls) recruited from London, Ontario. Voxel- and network-based analyses were used to detect changes in diffusion microstructural parameters. Graph theory metrics were used to probe changes in the cortical network hierarchy and to assess the vulnerability of hub regions to disruption. The analysis was replicated with <i>N</i> = 111 (57 patients, 54 controls) from the Human Connectome Project-Early Psychosis (HCP-EP) dataset.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>Widespread microstructural changes were found in people with established illness, but changes in FEP patients were minimal. Unlike the established illness group, no appreciable topological changes in the cortical network were observed in FEP patients. These results were replicated in the early psychosis patients of the HCP-EP datasets, which were indistinguishable from controls in most metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The white matter structural changes observed in established schizophrenia are not a prominent feature in the early stages of this illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"5 1","pages":"sgae010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11207789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Auditory Hallucinations Are Not Associated With Specific White Matter Diffusion Alterations in Schizophrenia.","authors":"Stener Nerland, Nora Berz Slapø, Claudia Barth, Lynn Mørch-Johnsen, Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen, Dani Beck, Laura A Wortinger, Lars T Westlye, Erik G Jönsson, Ole A Andreassen, Ivan I Maximov, Oliver M Geier, Ingrid Agartz","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and hypothesis: </strong>Studies have linked auditory hallucinations (AH) in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SCZ) to altered cerebral white matter microstructure within the language and auditory processing circuitry (LAPC). However, the specificity to the LAPC remains unclear. Here, we investigated the relationship between AH and DTI among patients with SCZ using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We included patients with SCZ with (AH+; <i>n</i> = 59) and without (AH-; <i>n</i> = 81) current AH, and 140 age- and sex-matched controls. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) were extracted from 39 fiber tracts. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify general factors of variation across fiber tracts and DTI metrics. Regression models adjusted for sex, age, and age² were used to compare tract-wise DTI metrics and PCA factors between AH+, AH-, and healthy controls and to assess associations with clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>Widespread differences relative to controls were observed for MD and RD in patients without current AH. Only limited differences in 2 fiber tracts were observed between AH+ and controls. Unimodal PCA factors based on MD, RD, and AD, as well as multimodal PCA factors, differed significantly relative to controls for AH-, but not AH+. We did not find any significant associations between PCA factors and clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contrary to previous studies, DTI metrics differed mainly in patients <i>without</i> current AH compared to controls, indicating a widespread neuroanatomical distribution. This challenges the notion that altered DTI metrics within the LAPC is a specific feature underlying AH.</p>","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"5 1","pages":"sgae008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11207682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of the link between social cognition and suicidal ideation and behavior in people with serious mental illness","authors":"E. Parrish, Lisa Steenkamp, Samantha Chalker, R. Moore, A. Pinkham, Colin Depp","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 People with serious mental illness (SMI; psychotic and affective disorders with psychosis) are at an increased risk of suicide, yet there is limited research on the correlates of suicide in SMI. Social cognitive impairments are common among people with SMI and several studies have examined social cognition and suicidal ideation (SI) and behavior. This systematic review aims to evaluate the links between various domains of social cognition, SI, and suicidal behavior in SMI.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Electronic databases (PubMed and PsycInfo) were searched through June 2023. Records obtained through this search (N=618) were screened by two independent reviewers according to inclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted, and study quality was assessed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Studies (N=16) from twelve independent samples were included in the systematic review (N=2,631, sample sizes ranged from N=20 to N=593). Assessments of social cognition and SI and behavior varied widely between studies. Broadly, effects were mixed. Better emotion recognition of negative affect was linked to SI and a history of suicide attempts, though there is little consistent evidence for the relationship of emotion recognition and SI or behavior. On the other hand, better theory of mind ability was linked to SI and a history of suicide attempts. Furthermore, negative attributional bias was linked to current SI, but not a history of SI or attempt.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This review suggests mixed associations between social cognition, SI, and behavior in SMI. Future research should evaluate additional mediators and moderators of social cognition and suicide, employing prospective designs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"93 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140377808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Am I Inflamed? Chicken, Egg, and Psychosis.","authors":"Hashwin V S Ganesh, Candice Canonne","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"5 1","pages":"sgae001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11207674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network Structure Of Childhood Trauma, Bodily Disturbances, And Schizotypy In Schizophrenia And Non-Clinical Controls","authors":"Lénie J Torregrossa, Jinyuan Liu, Kristan Armstrong, Stephan Heckers, Julia M Sheffield","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Exposure to childhood trauma has been linked to the development of psychosis and bodily-self disturbances, two hallmarks of schizophrenia. Prior work demonstrated that bodily disturbances serve as a bridge between childhood trauma and schizophrenia symptomatology, but the diagnostic specificity of these connections remains unknown. This study uses network analysis to bridge this gap by comparing the interplays between childhood trauma, bodily-self disturbances, and schizotypy in clinical and general populations.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Networks were constructed to examine the relationships between schizotypy (Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire; SPQ), bodily self-disturbances (Perceptual Aberration Scale; PAS), and childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ) in 152 people with schizophrenia (SZ) and 162 healthy comparison participants (HC). The Fused Graphical Lasso was used to jointly estimate the networks in the two groups and the structure and strength of the networks were compared. Node centrality and shortest paths between CTQ, PAS, and schizotypy were examined.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 When comparing SZ and HC, the network of bodily self-disturbances, childhood trauma, and schizotypy were similarly structured, but the network was significantly stronger in SZ than HC. In both groups, bodily self-disturbances were on one of the shortest paths between childhood trauma to schizotypal experiences.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our findings revealed reliable associations between childhood trauma, bodily-self disturbance, and schizotypy, with bodily disturbances acting as a bridge from childhood trauma to schizotypy. The elevated strength of the SZ network indicates a more highly interconnected, and therefore reactive network in which exposure to childhood trauma can more easily activate bodily disturbances and schizotypy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140245097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>N</i>-Acetylcysteine and a Specialized Preventive Intervention for Individuals at High Risk for Psychosis: A Randomized Double-Blind Multicenter Trial.","authors":"Sven Wasserthal, Ana Muthesius, René Hurlemann, Stephan Ruhrmann, Stefanie J Schmidt, Martin Hellmich, Frauke Schultze-Lutter, Joachim Klosterkötter, Hendrik Müller, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Timm B Poeppl, Henrik Walter, Dusan Hirjak, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Andreas J Fallgatter, Andreas Bechdolf, Anke Brockhaus-Dumke, Christoph Mulert, Alexandra Philipsen, Joseph Kambeitz","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgae005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and hypothesis: </strong>Clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) offers a window of opportunity for early intervention and recent trials have shown promising results for the use of <i>N</i>-acetylcysteine (NAC) in schizophrenia. Moreover, integrated preventive psychological intervention (IPPI), applies social-cognitive remediation to aid in preventing the transition to the psychosis of CHR-P patients.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>In this double-blind, randomized, controlled multicenter trial, a 2 × 2 factorial design was applied to investigate the effects of NAC compared to placebo (PLC) and IPPI compared to psychological stress management (PSM). The primary endpoint was the transition to psychosis or deterioration of CHR-P symptoms after 18 months.</p><p><strong>Study results: </strong>While insufficient recruitment led to early trial termination, a total of 48 participants were included in the study. Patients receiving NAC showed numerically higher estimates of event-free survival probability (IPPI + NAC: 72.7 ± 13.4%, PSM + NAC: 72.7 ± 13.4%) as compared to patients receiving PLC (IPPI + PLC: 56.1 ± 15.3%, PSM + PLC: 39.0 ± 17.4%). However, a log-rank chi-square test in Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no significant difference of survival probability for NAC vs control (point hazard ratio: 0.879, 95% CI 0.281-2.756) or IPPI vs control (point hazard ratio: 0.827, 95% CI 0.295-2.314). The number of adverse events (AE) did not differ significantly between the four groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The superiority of NAC or IPPI in preventing psychosis in patients with CHR-P compared to controls could not be statistically validated in this trial. However, results indicate a consistent pattern that warrants further testing of NAC as a promising and well-tolerated intervention for CHR patients in future trials with adequate statistical power.</p>","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"5 1","pages":"sgae005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11207905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Using Smartphones to Identify Momentary Characteristics of Persecutory Ideation Associated With Functional Disability.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/schizbullopen/sgad033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgad033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgad021.].</p>","PeriodicalId":94380,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia bulletin open","volume":"4 1","pages":"sgad033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10664616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138465365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}