Camiel C. E. Kroonen , Adriano D'Addio , Allesandro Prescimone , Daniel Häussinger , Marcel Mayor
{"title":"A cross-shaped organic framework: a multi-functional template arranging chromophores†","authors":"Camiel C. E. Kroonen , Adriano D'Addio , Allesandro Prescimone , Daniel Häussinger , Marcel Mayor","doi":"10.1039/d4qo01808g","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo01808g","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work explores the use of a cross-shaped organic framework that is used as a template for the investigation of multi-functionalized chromophores. We report the design and synthesis of a universal cross-shaped building block bearing two bromines and two iodines on its peripheral positions. The template can be synthesized on a gram scale in a five-step reaction comprising an oxidative homo-coupling macro-cyclization. The formed scaffold was selectively functionalized <em>via</em> Suzuki cross-coupling reactions with methoxynaphthalene, naphthalimide and BODIPY derivatives, yielding a library of cross-shaped and chromophore-decorated model compounds, all of which were fully characterized. The formed racemic bis- and tetra-substituted crosses were resolved <em>via</em> chiral stationary phase HPLC, and assignment of the enantiomers was done <em>via</em> comparison of experimental and simulated electronic circular dichroism spectra as well as enantiomer single-crystal analysis. Additionally, the hybrid naphthalimide/BODIPY chromophore was found to be acting as an intramolecular Förster energy resonance transfer pair, which was investigated in more detail. With this easy-to-functionalize universal building block, we believe it might prove to be useful in the study of different sets of chromophores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1399-1408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/qo/d4qo01808g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142763909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modular synthesis of β-oxygen-containing sulfones from alkenes through hexatungstate-catalyzed cascade hydroxysulfenylation/selective oxidation†","authors":"Jiaoxiong Li , Zhibin Zhou , Xianghua Zeng , Yongge Wei","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02151g","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo02151g","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>β-Oxygen-containing sulfones are versatile building blocks in pharmaceuticals and the chemical industry. Despite notable advances in the reported methods, a sustainable and general catalytic method for preparing β-oxygen-containing sulfones remains elusive, due to the inherent reactivity disparities and notorious metal-catalyst-poisoning capability of sulfur nucleophiles. Here, we present a distinct multifunctional hexatungstate catalytic strategy for the synthesis of β-hydroxy sulfones and β-keto sulfones through a sequential hydroxysulfenylation of alkenes/selective oxidation process, utilizing a commerically available thiol and green hydrogen peroxide as the ‘oxy-sulfonylation reagent’. This method not only offers a practical route for delivering functionalized sulfones from readily available chemicals but is also sufficiently versatile to achieve late-stage oxysulfonylation of complex substrates and concise syntheses of bioactive molecules. Moreover, this modular methodology features a new mechanism, water as the sole byproduct, and mild reaction conditions free of hydroperoxide reductant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1444-1451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cation radicals, borenium cations, and a dication from the oxidation of B-tolyl BIII subporphyrins†","authors":"Zixuan Xie , Xiaoheng Ji , Xu Zeng , Daiki Shimizu , Takayuki Tanaka , Yutao Rao , Mingbo Zhou , Ling Xu , Atsuhiro Osuka , Jianxin Song","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02291b","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo02291b","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxidation of B-tolyl B<sup>III</sup> 5,10,15-tritolylsubporphyrin with tris(4-bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate gave its cation radical instantaneously, which slowly dissociated to give B<sup>III</sup> subporphyrin borenium hexachloroantimonate in 89% yield after stirring overnight. This is a much more convenient method for the synthesis of B<sup>III</sup> borenium cations than the previous synthesis with [Et<sub>3</sub>Si]<sup>+</sup>[CH<sub>6</sub>B<sub>11</sub>Br<sub>6</sub>]<sup>−</sup>. Oxidants such as tris(4-bromophenyl)ammonium tetrakis(perfluorophenyl)borate and AgSbF<sub>6</sub> can be used for the synthesis of the borenium cation. Oxidation of B-tolyl B<sup>III</sup> 5,10,15-trianisylsubporphyrin with AgSbF<sub>6</sub> gave a cation radical that was stable at room temperature but dissociated to give the corresponding borenium cation upon refluxing in CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, while the B-tolyl B<sup>III</sup> 5,10,15-tris(4-dibutylaminophenyl)subporphyrin was oxidized to give a cation radical that was easily oxidized to afford a quinonoidal dication. Oxidation of B-tolyl B<sup>III</sup> β-hexaethyl-5,10,15-tri(4-diethylaminophenyl)subporphyrin with AgSbF<sub>6</sub> gave a borenium cation instantaneously. As such, the reactivities of the cation radicals depend on the peripheral substituents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1565-1571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitalii Solomin , Matthias Liard , Philippe Jubault , Thomas Castanheiro
{"title":"Ball-milling and piezoelectric materials enabled radical trifluoromethylation of enamides and acrylamides†","authors":"Vitalii Solomin , Matthias Liard , Philippe Jubault , Thomas Castanheiro","doi":"10.1039/d4qo01911c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo01911c","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A mechanochemical radical direct C(sp<sup>2</sup>)–H trifluoromethylation of enamide derivatives was developed using Togni II reagent. Under mechanochemical compression, the use of 0.5 to 1.0 equivalents of piezoelectric materials enabled the solid-state formation of the key CF<sub>3</sub> radical intermediate in mild and sustainable conditions. The use of 0.5 equivalents of piezoelectric materials proved to be just as efficient. The protocol showed a general efficiency and tolerance to multiple functional groups, accessing trifluoromethylated enamides with yields of up to 88% and full stereoselectivity. The reaction conditions were applied to acrylamide substrates, enabling synthesis of trifluoromethylated oxindole derivatives through a radical cascade cyclization initiated from addition of CF<sub>3</sub> radical onto electron-poor C–C double bonds. Radical quenching experiments highlighted a radical mechanism, and control experiments showcased the crucial need to use of piezoelectric materials/ball-milling system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1467-1473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhaoxuan Zeng , Zhe Tian , Zhihan Zhang , Hongzhen Sun , Qing Liu , Lizhi Zhang , Fachao Yan , Zengdian Zhao , Hui Liu
{"title":"Electromagnetic milling promoted mechanochemical copper-catalyzed C–O coupling reaction for diaryl ether formation†","authors":"Zhaoxuan Zeng , Zhe Tian , Zhihan Zhang , Hongzhen Sun , Qing Liu , Lizhi Zhang , Fachao Yan , Zengdian Zhao , Hui Liu","doi":"10.1039/d4qo01909a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo01909a","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel copper-catalyzed C–O coupling reaction promoted by electromagnetic milling (EMM) has been reported for the mild and efficient synthesis of various diaryl ethers. This transformation could be realized without solvent and additional heating in a short reaction time, and features a wide substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and efficient gram-scale synthesis. A ligand derived from oxalic diamide was synthesized and utilized in the solid-state coupling, which exhibited excellent activity towards C–O bond formation under solid state conditions. Additionally, it opens up extensive possibilities for chemical bond activation and construction under multi-energy field coupling conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1528-1536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142888110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chong Li , Yi-Fei Liu , Wei Yang , Lian-Jie Zhao , Lin-Yuan Song , Yu-Shuang Deng , Ke-Yu Mou , Jing-Wen Wang , Sheng Cao , Feng Li
{"title":"Metal-free synthesis of carboxamides via the Lossen rearrangement†","authors":"Chong Li , Yi-Fei Liu , Wei Yang , Lian-Jie Zhao , Lin-Yuan Song , Yu-Shuang Deng , Ke-Yu Mou , Jing-Wen Wang , Sheng Cao , Feng Li","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02155j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo02155j","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel and efficient method for synthesizing carboxamides has been developed, utilizing a base-promoted Lossen rearrangement of hydroxylamine derivatives. In these reactions, the hydroxylamine derivatives are bench-top stable and easy to handle, allowing them to smoothly replace highly toxic isocyanate reagents by generating isocyanates <em>in situ</em>. This approach facilitates the straightforward formation of C–P, C–C, or C–N bonds. Furthermore, the mild reaction conditions, straightforward operational procedure, and broad substrate scope render this protocol highly practical and attractive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1550-1555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142917792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yujing Guo , Yifan Guo , Luyao Ding , Linlin Shi , Xinqi Hao , Rene M. Koenigs
{"title":"Intermolecular amination of ethyl benzo ylacetate via photocatalytic nitrene transfer reactions†","authors":"Yujing Guo , Yifan Guo , Luyao Ding , Linlin Shi , Xinqi Hao , Rene M. Koenigs","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02194k","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo02194k","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we report on a C–H functionalization of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds <em>via</em> a photocatalytic nitrene transfer reaction. A wide range of 1,3-dicarbonyl substrates and iodinanes were found compatible with the reaction conditions to directly afford the C–H functionalization products without the need of preformation of nucleophilic enolate equivalents. Additionally, a comprehensive series of synthetic applications and control experiments were conducted, thereby further extending the practical utility of this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1612-1618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142936512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiaqiong Sun , Guangfan Zheng , Ge Zhang , Yan Li , Qian Zhang
{"title":"Recent advances in enantioselective construction of C–N bonds involving radical intermediates","authors":"Jiaqiong Sun , Guangfan Zheng , Ge Zhang , Yan Li , Qian Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02268h","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo02268h","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review offers a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the asymmetric construction of C–N bonds involving radical intermediates. Enantioselective radical amination strategies have proven to be highly effective for synthesizing chiral amines and nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Significant progress has been made in the enantioselective installation of N-containing groups into halogenated alkanes, olefins, and dienes with the asymmetric formation of C–N bonds as the key step <em>via</em> diverse pathways including reductive elimination, radical-polar crossover, amino group substitution, radical–radical cross-coupling, <em>etc</em>. This review highlights these recent developments and the mechanistic insights that drive these transformations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1671-1694"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multichromophoric perylene–iridium triad as a homogeneous photocatalyst for the efficient synthesis of tetrahydroquinoline derivatives†","authors":"Anita Kumari , Sanchita Sengupta","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02269f","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo02269f","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the design and synthesis of a multichromophoric catalyst system, namely, , which incorporates a perylene monoimide (PMI) as the central chromophore, with naphthalimide (NMI) positioned at its 1- and 7-bay positions, and the catalyst features an iridium (Ir) metal ion coordinated with a cyclopentadienyl (Cp*) unit, a chloride ligand and a cyclometalating ligand attached to PMI. Following photophysical and electrochemical characterization, was utilized as a homogeneous photocatalyst to efficiently synthesize tetrahydroquinolines from <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-dimethylanilines and maleimides under an aerobic atmosphere. The reaction involves direct cyclization <em>via</em> an sp<sup>3</sup> C–H bond functionalization, yielding products in high yields from a diverse range of substrates, with up to 82–83% yields under blue LED (450 nm) irradiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1409-1416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chi-Fan Zhu , Jun-Ju Mai , Xiao-Jing Li , Mingyuan Shi , Xiasen Dong , Huinan Fu , Mei-Hua Shen , Hua-Dong Xu
{"title":"Cobalt-catalyzed regioselective diazidation of 1-aryl-1,3-dienes enabled by a single electron transfer/radical addition/group transfer relay process†","authors":"Chi-Fan Zhu , Jun-Ju Mai , Xiao-Jing Li , Mingyuan Shi , Xiasen Dong , Huinan Fu , Mei-Hua Shen , Hua-Dong Xu","doi":"10.1039/d4qo02180k","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4qo02180k","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel cobalt-catalyzed 1,2-diazidation of 1-aryl-1,3-dienes by using TMSN<sub>3</sub> as an azide source has been reported. A series of vicinal diazides containing unsaturated bonds that are amenable to further functionalization were synthesised with excellent regioselectivity and stereoselectivity under mild conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds <em>via</em> a single electron transfer/radical addition/group transfer relay process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94379,"journal":{"name":"Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry","volume":"12 5","pages":"Pages 1461-1466"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}