Oral Oncology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Post-translational regulation of stemness under DNA damage response contributes to the gingivobuccal oral squamous cell carcinoma relapse and progression","authors":"Sachendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Annapoorni Rangarajan ,&nbsp;Debnath Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tobacco consumption (smoking and specifically smokeless form) in India contributes to a high prevalence of gingivobuccal oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC-GB). OSCC-GB exhibits high rates of locoregional relapse and therapeutic resistance, often attributed to the involvement of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The goal of this study is to leverage the generalizability of the machine learning prediction model for ‘Tumor Status’ for a comparative somatic mutation analysis between ‘With Tumor’ (recurred/relapsed/progressed) and ‘Tumor Free’ (disease-free/complete remission) OSCC-GB patients. Our results showed that support vector machines (SVM) classified the ‘Tumor Status’ classes at a mean accuracy of 89% based on clinical features. Furthermore, RNA-seq based somatic mutation analysis using the classified groups revealed molecular mechanisms underlying tumor progression and remission within OSCC-GB subgroups. The identified mutational signature (C&gt;T mutations) related to DNA damage indicates the influence of tobacco-related carcinogens in OSCC-GB subgroups. The analysis of distinct somatic variants, functional impact predictions, protein-protein interactions, and survival analysis highlights the involvement of DNA damage response (DDR)-related genes in ‘With Tumor’, with particular focus on the significant role of the Mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1 (MAPKAP1) gene, a key player in the mTORC2 signaling pathway. The study indicates that loss-of-function in the identified MAPKAP1 somatic variant may promote stemness and elevated risk of relapse and disease progression in OSCC-GB under conditions of DDR in ‘With Tumor’ OSCC-GB, potentially contributing to increased mortality rates among Indian OSCC-GB patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100730"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a prediction model for risk stratification and outcome prediction in oral oncology patients","authors":"Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan ,&nbsp;Shikhar Daniel ,&nbsp;Ravikanth Manyam ,&nbsp;Amarender Reddy ,&nbsp;Santosh R. Patil","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite advancements in treatment, prognostic tools integrating clinical, histopathological, and molecular data remain underdeveloped, limiting personalized risk stratification and survival prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to develop and validate a prediction model for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in OSCC, incorporating clinical, histopathological, and molecular factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort of 132 patients with histopathologically confirmed OSCC was analyzed. Data on demographic, clinical (tumor stage, lymph node involvement), histopathological (tumor grade, perineural invasion), and molecular (HPV status) variables were collected. Logistic regression and machine learning algorithms were used to build the prediction model. Internal validation was conducted using bootstrapping, and model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The model demonstrated robust predictive performance, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of <strong>0.85</strong> for OS and <strong>0.83</strong> for PFS. Tumor stage, lymph node involvement, and HPV status were identified as key predictors of survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed steep declines in OS probabilities during the first 24 months, emphasizing the need for early interventions. Calibration plots indicated strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes, supporting the model's reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study developed a validated prediction model for OS and PFS in OSCC, demonstrating high discriminatory ability and calibration. Integrating clinical, histopathological, and molecular data enhances personalized risk stratification and treatment planning in oral oncology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100728"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variants in immune mediators as potential molecular biomarkers for oral cancer evaluation: Insights from a systematic revaluation by computational analyses and Bayesian approaches","authors":"Juliana Campos Botelho ,&nbsp;Samuel Arcebispo Brasileiro ,&nbsp;André Victor Oliveira Monteiro ,&nbsp;Alessandro Luiz Araújo Bentes Leal ,&nbsp;Naum Neves da Costa dos Santos ,&nbsp;Gabrielly Ribeiro Alves ,&nbsp;Reyce Santos Koga ,&nbsp;Haline Alves da Silva ,&nbsp;José Rogério Souza Monteiro ,&nbsp;Denis Vieira Gomes Ferreira ,&nbsp;Adenilson Leão Pereira ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Alves de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Márcia Socorro Silva Lima Duarte ,&nbsp;Felipe Rodolfo Pereira da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oral cancer is a complex disease in which genetic variations in immune mediator play a relevant role in its pathophysiology. This study aimed at assessing the level of false-positive rates on meta-analytic data on genetic variations in immune mediator genes related with oral cancer risk.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A systematic search was performed for meta-analyses in this field that were published before September 22, 2024. The calculations for the False-Positive Rate Probability (FPRP) and the Bayesian False Discovery Probability (BFDP) were performed to assess the noteworthiness with a statistical power of 1.2 and 1.5 of Odds Ratio (OR) at a prior probability of 10⁻³ and 10⁻⁶. A methodological evaluation by the Venice criteria was performed and <em>in silico</em> networks were designed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ten meta-analyses on the <em>TNFA</em>/rs361625/rs1800629, <em>VEGF</em>/rs3025039, <em>IL4</em>/rs2070874, <em>IL6</em>/rs1800795, <em>IL8</em>/rs4073 and <em>IL10</em>/rs1800896 genes/polymorphisms and oral cancer have been included. 88 significant OR association values from the meta-analyses included allowed the performance of 336 calculations for FPRP and 176 for BFDP. We found 35 noteworthy values (10.42 %) for FPRP and 59 noteworthy values (33.52 %) for BFDP that demonstrated the variants in <em>VEGF</em> and <em>IL10</em> with noteworthiness association with oral cancer. The gene-gene and protein-protein networks evidenced the role of <em>VEGF, TNFA, IL4, IL6, IL8</em> and <em>IL10</em> genes in the physiopathology of the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Bayesian calculations and the <em>in-silico</em> analyses indicated the rs3025039 and rs1800896 polymorphisms in the <em>VEGF</em> and <em>IL10</em> genes, respectively, as noteworthy molecular biomarkers for oral cancer risk evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100729"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of ChatGPT as a reliable aide for differential diagnosis of histopathology in head and neck surgery","authors":"Sayyed Ourmazd Mohseni ,&nbsp;Asal Saeid ,&nbsp;Patrick Wong ,&nbsp;Timothy Neal ,&nbsp;Thomas Schlieve","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The rise of artificial intelligence offers promising advancements in diagnostic workflows in healthcare. In oral and maxillofacial surgery, timely and accurate histopathological diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment planning. This study examines Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT, OpenAI Inc., California) as an aid to providers in generating differential diagnoses for four common maxillofacial pathologies: ameloblastoma, squamous cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and pleomorphic adenoma.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A retrospective study was conducted with 200 de-identified histopathological cases, evenly divided across the four diagnostic categories. Each case included clinical summaries and histopathological images, which were input into ChatGPT to generate four differential diagnoses. The study evaluated the inclusion and ranking of the correct diagnosis in the differential list using a chi-square goodness-of-fit test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ChatGPT included the correct diagnosis in all cases (100 %), ranking it first in 49.5 %, second in 32.5 %, third in 14.5 %, and fourth in 3.5 %. Statistical analysis confirmed a significant preference for higher ranking of correct diagnoses (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ChatGPT shows strong reliability in generating accurate differential diagnoses for maxillofacial histopathology, ranking the correct diagnosis in the top two positions in 82 % of cases. These results highlight AI's potential to augment diagnostic workflows and enhance efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100727"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Otolaryngology practitioner attitudes toward human papillomavirus vaccination in academic otolaryngology clinics","authors":"Dante J. Merlino ,&nbsp;Katelyn S. Rourk ,&nbsp;George B. Sankar ,&nbsp;Adam J. Luginbuhl ,&nbsp;Brian J. Boyce ,&nbsp;Michelle M. Chen ,&nbsp;Eric M. Dowling ,&nbsp;Michael C. Topf ,&nbsp;Raymond L. Chai ,&nbsp;Karthik Rajasekaran ,&nbsp;Eric J. Moore ,&nbsp;Daniel L. Price ,&nbsp;George Saieed ,&nbsp;Kathryn M. Van Abel","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the existence of a highly effective and safe vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, vaccination rates remain low. The most prevalent HPV-associated malignancy in the United States is oropharyngeal cancer, but otolaryngology practitioners do not offer the HPV vaccine, and their feelings around offering HPV vaccination have not been evaluated. A 43-question survey, including a twelve-question knowledge quiz, was sent to otolaryngology practitioners at seven academic institutions. Twelve questions comprised a knowledge quiz testing practitioner understanding of HPV, while the remainder of the questions evaluated comfort with and likelihood of recommending vaccination. Of the 442 practitioners who were sent the survey, 207 (47 %) completed it, including 27 (13 %) advanced practice providers (physician assistants, nurse practitioners, or speech language pathologists), 89 (43 %) residents or fellows, and 91 (44 %) attending physicians. Together, 181/207 (87 %) of providers were “relatively likely” (n = 54, 26 %) or “extremely likely” (n = 127, 61 %) to offer vaccination. Likelihood of offering the vaccine was associated with multiple measures of provider confidence regarding HPV vaccination discussions, and was not associated with provider type, attending physician subspecialty, or knowledge quiz accuracy (p = 0.11, p = 0.35, and p = 0.67, respectively). In summary, this study suggests a possible new avenue for point-of-care vaccines against HPV. Efforts to improve otolaryngology provider confidence with this recommendation are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100722"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nivolumab in platinum-refractory unresectable locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A case report and literature review","authors":"M.S. Ruban,&nbsp;L.V. Bolotina","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with high mortality and poses a significant public health challenge. Platinum-based chemotherapy is a primary treatment modality; however, the median survival for patients experiencing recurrence within six months of platinum-based therapy is no more than six months. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, have revolutionized the treatment of platinum-refractory HNSCC since their FDA approval in 2016. This case report highlights the successful use of nivolumab in a patient with platinum-refractory, unresectable HNSCC, achieving long-term survival of over six years. The patient demonstrated a significant tumor reduction and stabilization of disease, followed by successful surgical management of recurrent lymph node growth. This case underscores the potential for durable responses with nivolumab, even in the absence of PD-L1 testing, and highlights the integration of immunotherapy with surgery as a personalized treatment strategy. The findings contribute to the growing body of real-world evidence supporting the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in platinum-refractory HNSCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral toxicities associated with immunotherapy and targeted therapy in cancer treatment","authors":"Michel Souza Sueira ,&nbsp;Juliana Borges de Lima Dantas ,&nbsp;Gabriela Botelho Martins ,&nbsp;Daniela Maria Santana Leal ,&nbsp;Juliana Santos de Jesus Azevedo ,&nbsp;Manoela Carrera","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of cancer treatment, surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are among the main therapies used. However, emerging therapies are gaining prominence. The use of immunotherapy and targeted therapy, even though they are based on improving the immune system's response, are associated with the prevalence of certain toxicities, some of them in the oral cavity. The aim of this review was to describe the main oral toxicities associated with immunotherapy and targeted therapy. It was observed that there is a prevalence of xerostomia, dysgeusia, lichenoid reactions, stomatitis, among others, which have a direct impact on patients' quality of life. Although these oral manifestations present a low risk of mortality, proper diagnosis and treatment is essential in order to promote clinical comfort for the patient during the therapeutic period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100724"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In reply to Promoting oral cancer awareness in LGBTQ+ communities – Diversity in oral health","authors":"John Lennon Silva Cunha,&nbsp;José Igor de Lima Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100721","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of toripalimab plus cetuximab combined with radiotherapy on patient with locally advanced high-grade parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma","authors":"Yubin Wu ,&nbsp;Ying Piao ,&nbsp;Zhongming Wang ,&nbsp;Jiehua Wang ,&nbsp;Shihai Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant tumor of the salivary glands, accounting for approximately one-third of all salivary gland tumors. Based on the proportion of epidermoid and mucous cells, MEC is classified into three grades. High-grade MEC, an extremely rare malignancy, has a higher proportion of epidermoid cells and a poorer prognosis. Currently, there has been no standard treatment for patients with positive surgical margins after parotidectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><div>This case report describes the successful treatment of a patient with high-grade parotid MEC and positive surgical margins using toripalimab plus cetuximab combined with radiotherapy, who achieved complete response one month after the completion of treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We report a case in which a patient with locally advanced high-grade parotid MEC with R2 resection achieved a complete response after postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy combined with toripalimab and cetuximab.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100717"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-irradiation with concurrent pembrolizumab for local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck","authors":"Allen M. Chen ,&nbsp;Jeremy P. Harris ,&nbsp;Rupali Nabar ,&nbsp;Tjoson Tjoa ,&nbsp;Yarah Haidar ,&nbsp;William B. Armstrong","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To report a single institutional experience with re-irradiation and concurrent pembrolizumab for local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.</div></div><div><h3>Method and materials</h3><div>A total of 16 patients were treated with external-beam re-irradiation to median dose of 66 Gy with concurrent pembrolizumab for histologically confirmed local-regionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. All patients had measurable disease. Twelve (75 %) were male and four (25 %) were female. The median age at the time of recurrence was 56 years (range, 42–80 years). The median interval from completion of prior radiation to recurrent disease was 28 months (range, 6–50 months). Nine patients (56 %) were p16 positive; 7 patients (44 %) were p16 negative.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>With a median follow-up time of 20 months, the 1- and 2-year estimates of overall survival were 71 % and 56 %, respectively. Of the 16 patients who underwent re-irradiation, eleven (69 %) had a complete response and 3 (19 %) had a partial response. Two patients (13 %) had stable disease after re-irradiation, and none progressed during treatment. A total of 6 patients developed metastasis outside of the re-irradiated area. The 1- and 2-year estimates of progression-free survival were 61 % and 37 %, respectively. The prevalence of acute and late grade 3+ toxicity was 25 % and 19 %, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Re-irradiation with pembrolizumab for patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is safe and potentially effective. A prospective study is under development to better identify who might benefit the most from this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}