Oral Oncology Reports最新文献

{"title":"A case of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue complicated by verrucous carcinoma","authors":"Yusuke Matsuzaki,&nbsp;Daiki Saito,&nbsp;Saimon Yasuhara,&nbsp;Yukio Watabe,&nbsp;Shiro Shigematsu","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report herein a highly unusual case of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma (SCSCC), a rare form of oral cancer, co-occurring with verrucous carcinoma. The patient, a 57-year-old male, presented with a tongue lesion with macroscopic features resembling those of a cancerous ulcer and verrucous carcinoma. Histological examination of a biopsy specimen led to the diagnosis of the lesion as SCSCC. The lesion was treated with a surgical resection and chemotherapy. The present case underscores the importance of bearing the possibility of spindle cell carcinoma in mind when assessing a tongue lesion which was initially diagnosed as verrucous carcinoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression pattern of lncRNA H19 in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues in comparison to normal tissues. A systematic review","authors":"Ramya Sekar ,&nbsp;Selvaraj Jayaraman ,&nbsp;Saranya Varadarajan ,&nbsp;Thodur Madapusi Balaji ,&nbsp;Vishnupriya Veeraraghavan ,&nbsp;Prabhu Shankar Dayasankar ,&nbsp;Dharshini Devi J","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>With a high mortality rate, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), accounts for more than 90 % of all mouth cancers and is a major global health concern. The necessity for trustworthy biomarkers is highlighted by the fact that early diagnosis and prognosis are still difficult despite advancements. A key factor in cancer biology, the long non-coding RNA H19 was first discovered for its function in embryogenesis. H19, reactivated in cancers, interacts with microRNAs and signaling pathways such as p53 and PI3K/AKT to affect tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Nevertheless, its expression patterns in OSCC in contrast to healthy tissues remain unclear. The evidence currently available about H19's expression in OSCC is assessed in this review.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The keywords H19 or lncRNA H19 or long non-coding RNA H19″ AND “oral cancer or oral squamous cell carcinoma or tongue squamous cell carcinoma or OSCC” were used to search databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Clinical Key on 9th December 2024. In addition, the authors manually scanned the reference lists of the included studies or relevant reviews identified through the search to ensure literature saturation. Following the exclusion of duplicates and irrelevant articles, full-text screening of the remaining articles was done to select the articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Risk of Bias in the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa scale (NOS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 95 articles obtained (55 from PubMed, 19 from Scopus, 20 from Clinical Key, and 1 from cross-reference), 56 duplicates or irrelevant articles were eliminated. Of the 39 articles, only eight were selected after the full-text screening of nine articles based on eligibility criteria. All the articles reported a low risk of bias and all the studies reported a change in the expression pattern of H19 in oral squamous cell carcinoma compared to the control.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite some variability in the direction of changes in H19 expression, most studies have shown its dysregulation in OSCC tissues, highlighting its significance in the pathogenesis of OSCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC): An immunohistochemical approach to tumor stroma categorization and clinicopathological parameters","authors":"Heba E.M. Youssef ,&nbsp;Basant Hamdy AbouZaid","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aggressive behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not only a cancer-cell centered issue, but also affected by tumor stroma. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant component of tumor stroma that can direct tumorigenesis. Alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression by stromal CAFs is linked to higher aggressive tumor behavior and poor prognosis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the main enzymes producing the free radical, nitric oxide in response to various stimuli. Its increased expression revealed several pro-tumorigenic effects. This study was undertaken to address the expression of α-SMA and iNOS in OSCC in relation to tumor stroma type and degree of tumor cell differentiation.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Thirty-two archival specimens of OSCC were stained immunohistochemically with <em>anti</em>-α-SMA and <em>anti</em>-iNOS. Stromal categorization was performed according to the ratio between α-SMA positive areas and the density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. The immunohistochemical score of iNOS was evaluated semi-quantitatively. Finally, correlations between stroma category, iNOS expression and different clinicopathological parameters were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our results revealed a significant positive correlation between advanced histopathologic grade and the higher stromal category (P = 0.02). Additionally, increased stroma category was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (P = 0.001) and nodal involvement (P = 0.05). Likewise, iNOS expression was significantly correlated with worsened histopathological grade (P = 0.008) and clinical stage of tumors (P = 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Combining the assessment of stroma category and iNOS expression offers a more comprehensive tumor microenvironment profile in OSCC, surpassing single-parameter approaches focused solely on tumor or stromal characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of probiotics on oral cancer: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic strategies","authors":"K.S. Lekshmi Priya,&nbsp;Datchanamoorthy Maheswary,&nbsp;Sujith Sri Surya Ravi,&nbsp;Kakithakara Vajravelu Leela,&nbsp;Rahul Harikumar Lathakumari,&nbsp;G. Malavika","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oral cancer, especially oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), represents a major global health concern, with its notable increase in incidence, especially among younger populations. The disease is multifactorial, with risk factors including tobacco and alcohol use, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis of the oral microbiome. Probiotics, which are live microorganisms that provide health benefits, have gained attention as a potential approach for modulating the oral microbiome and reducing the risk of oral cancer. This review examines the mechanisms through which probiotics demonstrate anticancer properties, such as binding to and breaking down mutagenic substances, reducing gut pH via the production of short-chain fatty acids, and strengthening the immune response of the host. Specific probiotic strains, such as <em>Lactobacillus</em> and <em>Bifidobacterium</em>, have demonstrated potential in managing oral cancer and its treatment-related complications, such as oral mucositis. Clinical trials suggest that probiotics could act as valuable complementary agents to conventional cancer treatments, enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. Despite the promising findings, challenges remain in standardizing probiotic formulations and understanding strain-specific effects. Future research should focus on personalized probiotic therapies and innovative delivery systems to enhance their efficacy in oral cancer management. This narrative review emphasizes the potential of probiotics in the prevention and management of oral cancer, showcasing their contribution to oral health and their utility as biomarkers for early diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100715"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-stage oral cavity cancer (T1N0) with lymphatic drainage to the retropharyngeal lymph node: A therapeutic challenge","authors":"Simon E. Thurnheer ,&nbsp;Martin W. Huellner ,&nbsp;Deniz Kasikci ,&nbsp;Grégoire B. Morand","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2025.100713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a case of a 54-year-old patient diagnosed with T1N0M0 oral squamous cell cancer located at the right maxillary tuberosity. The treatment plan included wide local excision with partial maxillectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Preoperative single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) revealed lymphatic drainage to a single ipsilateral retropharyngeal lymph node (Rouvière's node/level VIIa). Due to the poor surgical accessibility of this lymph node, the decision was made to proceed with the tumor resection without sentinel lymph node excision, focusing instead on assessing the tumor's depth of infiltration to estimate the risk of metastasis. Histopathological analysis of the specimen confirmed clear margins with 2mm depth of infiltration. Consequently, the patient was placed under observation. This case represents the first reported instance of sentinel lymph node drainage to Rouvière's node in early oral squamous cell carcinoma, presenting a unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100713"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oligometastatic squamous cell carcinoma treated with and without involved site radiation","authors":"Allen M. Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Comprising a heterogenous population, the optimal management of oligometastatic head and neck cancer is uncertain. We sought to report outcomes among patients treated with and without stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to local sites of disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and materials</h3><div>A review of institutional registries identified 49 patients with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck limited to 5 sites of disease or less. Patients with intact disease at primary local-regional sites; those treated by palliative radiation; and those who had previously received first-line systemic therapy were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 20 patients met eligibility criteria. Treatment included systemic therapy alone (10 patients) and systemic therapy with SBRT (10 patients). The median progression-free survival was 11 months and 6 months, respectively (p = 0.09). The 2-year overall survival was 29 % and 15 % for patients treated by SBRT and systemic therapy compared to systemic therapy alone, respectively (p = 0.21). There were no differences in the development of grade 3+ toxicity between the 2 groups, with the incidence of grade 3+ toxicity being 20 % and 30 % for patients treated with and without SBRT, respectively (p = 0.61).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Local SBRT was associated with trends in improved progression-free survival among patients with oligometastatic head and neck cancer. Prospective studies with larger datasets are warranted to further evaluate the role of this modality in this setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100707"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In response to Fiorillo: Agreeing on the need to rethink the demonization of AI writing tools such as ChatGPT","authors":"Dag Øivind Madsen,&nbsp;Shahab Saquib Sohail","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100712","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100712"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS 1) serum levels in patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Deeksheetha Prabhuvenkatesh ,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Ramalingam ,&nbsp;Pratibha Ramani ,&nbsp;Selvaraj Jayaram","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To assess the expression of IRS 1 values in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) patients and its association with histological grading, tumor staging, and habits.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the expression of IRS1 in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. To correlate IRS1 values with histological grading, tumor staging, habits, and overall survival in OSCC patients.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>IRS 1 values were assessed in N = 106 patients. IRS 1 values in 53 OSCC patients at preoperative and postoperative 3 months and were compared with 53 healthy controls using the sandwich ELISA method. The IRS 1 values were associated with clinicohistopathological factors. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23.0 by IBM. One-way ANOVA and paired student t-tests were carried out and any p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean preoperative IRS 1 value in OSCC patients was 0.071 <em>±</em> 0.013, (p-value &lt;0.001) and the mean postoperative 3 months IRS 1 value was 0.103 <em>±</em> 0.037 (p-value = 0.025). The mean IRS 1 value of healthy controls was 0.134 <em>±</em> 0.111 (p-value &lt;0.001). The mean values in preoperative OSCC patients were underexpressed, compared to healthy controls and postoperative OSCC patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>IRS1 expression was associated with various clinicopathological factors such as habit status, pathological tumor staging, and tumor grading. It was also found that underexpression of IRS1 was associated with poor prognosis of OSCC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100708"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to “The application of ChatGPT in the peer-reviewing process”","authors":"Dag Øivind Madsen,&nbsp;Shahab Saquib Sohail","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100709","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating machine learning to customize chemotherapy for oral cancer patients","authors":"Saraswati Patel ,&nbsp;Divya Yadav ,&nbsp;Dheeraj Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oral cancer, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), poses a significant global health burden, with over 350,000 new cases annually. Despite chemotherapy being critical for advanced-stage treatment, its lack of personalization often results in inconsistent responses, severe side effects, and limited efficacy. Current methodologies, such as rule-based systems and traditional statistical models, fail to account for the complex, nonlinear interactions between patient-specific factors and drug responses, underscoring the need for advanced solutions. This paper introduces a machine learning (ML)-driven framework to optimize chemotherapy regimens for oral cancer patients. By leveraging multi-modal datasets, including genomic profiles, clinical histories, tumor burden indices, and drug toxicity metrics, the proposed model achieves remarkable results. Utilizing an ensemble of random forests and neural networks, the framework achieves an accuracy of 92 %, outperforming existing ML methods (85 %) and traditional approaches (78 %). Additionally, it demonstrates a 25 % reduction in chemotherapy-induced toxicity and a 20 % decrease in treatment costs. Key innovations include a novel efficacy-toxicity trade-off metric and adaptability through reinforcement learning for real-time regimen refinement. To address data privacy concerns, the framework incorporates federated learning, ensuring scalability across diverse healthcare systems. Preliminary results highlight a 15–20 % improvement in treatment efficacy and a 10 % reduction in adverse effects compared to existing methods. This interdisciplinary approach bridges the gap between oncology and ML, offering a robust foundation for personalized medicine. By tailoring chemotherapy regimens, this framework aims to improve survival rates, minimize treatment-related complications, and enhance the quality of life for oral cancer patients globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100711"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}