Biotechnologia最新文献

{"title":"<i>In silico</i> investigation of <i>Aloe vera</i> phytoconstituents targeting key proteins involved in atopic dermatitis progression.","authors":"Lamiae El Bouamri, Amal Bouribab, Mohammed Bouachrine, Samir Chtita","doi":"10.5114/bta/216302","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/216302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving complex immune pathways. Natural compounds derived from <i>Aloe vera</i> are attracting increasing attention for their potential in the treatment of dermatological disorders.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A virtual screening of 110 <i>A. vera</i>-derived phytoconstituents was performed against three key protein targets implicated in AD: interleukin-4 receptor alpha, Janus kinase 1, and phosphodiesterase 4D. The top-ranked compounds were further assessed using absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties to evaluate drug-likeness and safety profiles. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations over 100 ns were conducted to examine the structural stability of the selected ligand-protein complexes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Quercetin and kaempferol showed the highest binding affinities across all three targets. ADMET analysis confirmed their favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. MD simulations revealed stable and compact protein-ligand interactions, supporting their potential as multitarget inhibitors of AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Quercetin and kaempferol from <i>A. vera</i> emerge as promising multitarget lead candidates for AD treatment, particularly for topical therapeutic applications. These findings warrant further <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> validation to support their potential clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 2","pages":"121-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in developing nanoparticle-enhanced electrochemical sensors for neurotransmitter detection: a review.","authors":"Sulastri Sulastri, Ahyar Ahmad, Hasnah Natsir, Isra Wahid, Abdul Karim, Wahyudin Rauf, Harningsih Karim","doi":"10.5114/bta/221513","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/221513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nano-biosensors represent innovative analytical devices that couple nanotechnology with biomolecular recognition elements to detect specific targets with high sensitivity and selectivity. By incorporating nanomaterials such as gold, carbon, or metal oxides, these devices exhibit enhanced conductivity, larger surface areas, and improved electron transfer, thereby enabling rapid and accurate detection even at ultralow concentrations. Electrochemical nano-biosensors are particularly advantageous for medical diagnostics, health monitoring, and environmental applications because they convert bioreceptor-analyte interactions into measurable real-time electrical signals. Due to their ability to monitor key biomarkers, including neurotransmitters, these sensors hold immense promise for early disease diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and neurological research. This review highlights current trends in the development of nanomaterial-enhanced electrochemical sensors for neurotransmitter detection, focuses on their performance and clinical translation potential, and outlines future directions to address challenges in selectivity, stability, and large-scale manufacturing.</p>","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 2","pages":"181-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> propagation of pascuita (<i>Euphorbia leucocephala</i> Lotsy): effects of different LED light colors on callus, shoots, and root induction.","authors":"Carlos de Jesus Morales-Becerril, Maria Teresa Beryl Colinas-Leon, Ramón Marcos Soto-Hernández, Ma Teresa Martínez-Damián, Natanael Magaña-Lira, O José Luis Rodríguez de la","doi":"10.5114/bta/220165","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/220165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The application of different light emitting diodes (LED) light colors in plant micropropagation is gaining prominence based on the morphological and physiological responses of plants when exposed to specific wavelengths and intensities of light. This study aimed to determine the effects of red, white, and blue LED light on the micropropagation of pascuita (<i>Euphorbia leucocephala</i> Lotsy), an ornamental plant native to Mexico and Central America.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Under <i>in vitro</i> conditions, the effects of the above mentioned three LED light colors at 90 µmol m^-2/s^-1 intensity were evaluated on callus formation, shoot induction, and plant growth. In the second phase, using the shoots developed in the previous stage, the influence of the three LED light colors on in vitro root induction was evaluated with or without indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) addition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Red light enhanced callus induction and growth, with plant responses observed from the initial days of culture, while blue light favored shoot formation. During the rooting phase, red light demonstrated superior efficacy by inducing the highest number of roots, achieving a 100% rooting rate, regardless of IAA presence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of different LED light colors during pascuita micropropagation is an effective tool to modulate plant responses throughout the various stages of regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 2","pages":"111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acne vaccine targeting <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> secretory lipase suppresses the bacteria-induced pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 production.","authors":"Indira Putri Negari, Azka Narari Khoerunnisa, Chun Ming Huang, Shinta Marito, Uuganbayar Gankhuyag, Mai Trinh Tang Nguyen, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Cindy Mutiara Septani","doi":"10.5114/bta/221530","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/221530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited attention paid to acne vulgaris has hindered progress in studying its pathological mechanisms and developing new treatments. While direct evidence confirming <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> (<i>C. acnes</i>) as the initial trigger of acne vulgaris is scarce, the bacterium clearly drives inflammation within acne lesions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Mass spectrometric analysis demonstrated that <i>C. acnes</i> lipase digested triglycerides into various fatty acids, which increased sebum production in sebocytes. The secretory lipase was selected as an immunogenic antigen to generate antibodies in mice. Serum from mice vaccinated with <i>C. acnes</i> lipase was used to assess antibody titers via test strips. Pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) expression were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Passive immunization with neutralization antibodies to lipase was conducted by administering anti-lipase serum co-cultured with <i>C. acnes</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Palmitic acid, a lipase-derived fatty acid, was identified as a major pro-inflammatory stimulus in sebocytes, confirming the central role of lipase in acne inflammation. Mice vaccinated with <i>C. acnes</i> lipase showed protection against <i>C. acnes</i>-induced inflammation in an ear model. Therefore, neutralization antibodies to lipase significantly reduced <i>C. acnes</i>-induced production of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and MIP-2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The <i>C. acnes</i> secretory lipase is a key virulence factor contributing to acne inflammation. Vaccination with <i>C. acnes</i> lipase significantly reduced bacterial colonization and the production of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and MIP-2. These findings support the potential of <i>C. acnes</i> lipase-targeted vaccines as a novel, antigen-specific strategy for both the treatment and prevention of acne vulgaris.</p>","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 2","pages":"163-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses induced by a novel YidRv subunit vaccine from hypervirulent <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.","authors":"Tri Yudani M Raras, Mauludy J Ajrullah, Lailia N Rahma, Ni Nyoman T Puspaningsih, Rivo Y B Nugraha, Sumarno R Prawiro","doi":"10.5114/bta/222175","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/222175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (KP) has re-emerged as a prominent etiological agent of pneumonia and systemic infection, with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains posing considerable therapeutic challenges. Moreover, vaccines may have limited efficacy because of the emergence of variant strains. The yidRv gene encodes a protein linked to excessive adherence and is conserved in over 99% of KP isolates. The present study aimed to explore the ability of a rec-YidRv protein to stimulate humoral and cellular immune response <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The capability of the purified rec-YidRv protein to induce antibody synthesis was tested using a mice model. We also assessed whether rec-YidRv could successfully trigger the proliferation of splenocytes and the synthesis of their cytokines. Furthermore, the capacity of antigen to protect mice from ESBL-producing KP strain infection was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> analyses revealed that mice immunized with rec-YidRv generated a strong antibody and memory response. Compared to non-stimulated controls, immunized mice showed an increase in measurable KP-directed immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels, with elevated IgG1 and IgG2b fractions; additionally, splenocyte proliferation expanded by 5-fold. Infection of mice with a lethal dose of KP following immunization markedly extended animal survival and decreased the pathogen's ability to form ventricular biofilms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rec-YidRv elicited robust antibody responses and a moderate expansion of cellular activity. Rec-YidRv is an effective protein-only platform for inhibiting infection by antibiotic-resistant KP. Future studies should incorporate refined adjuvants and improved administration methods to enhance protective responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 2","pages":"151-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the biology of mucormycosis using contemporary omics tools: a review.","authors":"Dhananjaya Mishra, Smaranika Pattnaik","doi":"10.5114/bta/220617","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/220617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mucormycosis (the \"black fungus infection\") is a life-threatening angioinvasive fungal infection caused by opportunistic fungi of the class <i>Mucormycetes</i>. A lot of clinical exercises were made in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 period due to admission of patients suffering from so called \"black fungus disease\". Many of patients had been operated for excision of their vital organs, colonized with massive fungal mycelia to restrict further invasion. In these circumstances, this apt article endeavour to scrutinize and debate some of the viable factors and prospective mechanisms that can assist to understand and elucidate the enigma of sudden, steep and deadly upsurge of mucormycosis infection. Here we review the specific contribution of high-throughput next-generation sequencing and multi-omics-based approaches to the general knowledge and understanding of <i>Mucormycetes</i> and further detail about the most exciting discoveries pertaining to the recently identified genetic advancements in <i>Mucormycetes</i> and mucormycosis. Through the use of a few genetic study models virulence factors in <i>Mucormycetes</i> that were previously unknown have been identified. Most remarkably, new research has opened up new possibilities for developing novel treatments against mucormycosis by identifying novel genes and process governing the pathogenic potential of <i>Mucormycetes</i> and their interaction with host. Ultimately virulence investigations in <i>Mucormycetes</i> that were previously hindered are now possible with new study models indicating a promising future for the field leading to the development of therapies to treat mucormycosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 2","pages":"205-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated analysis of usnic acid as a potential inhibitor of dengue NS2B/NS3 protease: DFT, molecular docking, MEP, ADMET, and drug-likeness evaluation.","authors":"Neni Frimayanti, Ihsan Ikhtiarudin, Maydhea Syakirah","doi":"10.5114/bta/216303","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/216303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory capability of 10 pyrazole-usnic acid derivatives against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) NS2B/NS3 serine protease. The crystallographic structure model of the protease enzyme (PDB code: 2FOM) was used to conduct molecular docking studies of pyrazole-usnic acid derivatives with target proteins. Computational analysis was performed using the Molecular Operating Environment program, Gaussian View software, and ADMETLab platform.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The inhibitory potential of the derivatives was tested by molecular docking using panduratin A as the positive control, together with density functional theory, molecular electrostatic potential analysis, drug-likeness assessment, and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) profiling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the tested derivatives, compounds 5 and 6 exhibited the most promising inhibitory effects against DENV-2 NS2B/NS3 serine protease. The binding free energy values for these compounds were -7.320 and -7.477 kcal/mol, respectively. These two compounds shared multiple amino acid residues with panduratin A, which was used as a reference inhibitor. Compounds 5 and 6 also displayed negative electrostatic regions surrounding their oxygen atoms, with gap energies of 0.133 and 0.137 eV and dipole moment values of 3.237 and 2.806 D, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These computational findings suggest that compounds 5 and 6 may serve as preliminary candidates for dengue virus inhibition. However, further clinical and experimental studies are required to confirm their efficacy and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 2","pages":"137-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical and molecular identification of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts with technological qualities from ogi (a cereal-based fermented food in Nigeria).","authors":"Praise Temilade Ozabor, Taiwo Samson Olumakinde, Timilehin Emmanuel Oluokun, Johnson Olaleye Oladele, Ilesanmi Festus Fadahunsi","doi":"10.5114/bta/214383","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/214383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to isolate, characterize, and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts with technological qualities from spontaneously fermented cereal gruels traditionally known as <i>ogi</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>LAB and yeasts were isolated and screened for pathogenicity tests using standard methods. LAB and yeasts were subjected to biochemical characterization with API 50 CHL and API 20C AUX, respectively. Molecular identification was conducted using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, ITS 4 & 5 for DNA amplification, polymerase chain reaction, gel electrophoresis, and Sanger sequencing. The technological qualities of the identified LAB and yeasts were assessed using established protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The API-based characterization of the nonpathogenic organisms revealed that the LAB mainly comprised <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Lactococcus</i> genera, while <i>Candida, Cryptococcus</i>, and <i>Trichosporon</i> were the prominent yeast genera. However, the results for molecular identification and percentage of occurrence showed that the LAB involved in the fermentation process mainly included <i>Lactobacillus</i> (70%) and <i>Lactococcus</i> (30%), while <i>Candida</i> (40%), <i>Cryptococcus</i> (35%), <i>Derbaryomyces</i> (10%), <i>Trichomonascus</i> (10%), and <i>Naganishia</i> (5%) were the main yeast genera. Additionally, <i>Trichomonascus ciferri</i> was identified as a novel organism isolated from <i>ogi</i>. Highest concentrations of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and diacetyl were recorded in <i>ogi</i> containing <i>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</i> RSL11 and <i>Lactobacillus</i> sp. MLL5, with values of 30.0 ± 0.01 mg/g, 38.0 ± 0.00 g/l, and 46.0 ± 0.001 g/l, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taken together, LAB and yeasts are important microorganisms with technological potentials for use as starter cultures in food fermentation processes for producing safe and functional foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 1","pages":"45-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147825511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer review in the age of machines: Who evaluates science now?","authors":"Maciej Kukula","doi":"10.5114/bta/220048","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/220048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147825588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative RNA sequencing analysis of resistant and susceptible Dendrobium \"Earsakul\" under black rot challenge.","authors":"Piyada A Tantasawat, Sukanya Inthaisong, Theerawat Chantakot, Kanlayanee Sawangsalee, Apinya Khairum, Pakhawat Pookhamsak, Akkawat Tharapreuksapong, Pakpoom Boonchuen, Sureerat Yenchon, Chunhua Ma","doi":"10.5114/bta/216300","DOIUrl":"10.5114/bta/216300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Dendrobium</i>, a highly popular ornamental plant with immense economic significance, is increasingly threatened by black rot disease caused by <i>Phytophthora parasitica</i>. The sole reliance on the use of chemicals to control this disease highlights the need for developing strategies to generate sustainable, genetically resistant <i>Dendrobium</i> varieties.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, we conducted comparative transcriptomic profiling to elucidate the molecular basis of black rot resistance in <i>Dendrobium</i> \"Earsakul\" by analyzing resistant (SUT13E18305) and susceptible (SUT16C007) lines at 0, 12, and 24 h post-inoculation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phenotypic evaluation revealed clear divergence between the two lines by 5 days after inoculation (DAI): the resistant line exhibited limited disease symptoms, while the susceptible line showed severe disease progression by 7 DAI. RNA sequencing analysis showed rapid and dynamic defense response in the resistant genotype, including activation of genes encoding pathogen recognition receptors such as chitin elicitor-binding protein-like and receptor-like kinases, which triggered the immune response. Key transcription factor genes (<i>WRKY43, WRKY75</i>, and <i>MYB6</i>) were strongly upregulated, and these upregulated genes mediated coordinated activation of signaling pathways. Defense-related genes involved in the biosynthesis of pathogenesis-related proteins and antimicrobial compounds, reactive oxygen species management, strengthening of the cell wall, and phenylpropanoid metabolism were also significantly induced in the resistant genotype. In contrast, the susceptible genotype exhibited delayed immune activation, suppressed expression of defense-related genes, and inadequate cell wall remodeling, ultimately leading to extensive colonization of the pathogen. Notably, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed stage-specific expression patterns of multiple genes in both genotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study demonstrate the utility of transcriptomics in elucidating complex defense responses in non-model crops and offer broader insights into plant-hemibiotrophic pathogen interactions, providing a molecular framework for breeding disease-resistant <i>Dendrobium</i> cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":94371,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnologia","volume":"107 1","pages":"23-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147825424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}