Cardiology in the Young最新文献

{"title":"Successful coil-only transcatheter embolisation of a giant cervical arteriovenous malformation in a child: a case report.","authors":"Alper Akın, Mehmet Ata Akıl, Mehmet Ture","doi":"10.1017/S1047951126124147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951126124147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck are rare high-flow vascular lesions that present significant therapeutic challenges. We report a 9-year-old boy with a giant cervical arteriovenous malformation successfully treated by staged transcatheter embolisation using detachable coils alone. This case suggests that coil-only embolisation may be a safe and effective treatment option for carefully selected paediatric cervical arteriovenous malformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic postoperative peritoneal dialysis in neonatal cardiac critical care: a matched retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Richard U Garcia, Olivia Cote, Ashley Harriott, Ambika Menon, Gina Patel, Chau P Nguyen, Andrew Jergel, Michael P Fundora, Kevin O Maher, Subhadra Shashidharan, Asaad G Beshish","doi":"10.1017/S1047951126123518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951126123518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Postoperative prophylactic peritoneal dialysis after paediatric cardiac surgery has been reported with mixed results. We aimed to describe a large cohort of patients who did and did not receive prophylactic peritoneal dialysis following cardiac surgery in our institution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-centre, retrospective matched-cohort study of patients 0-30 days old who underwent cardiac surgery between 01/2015 and 05/2022. Patients who received prophylactic peritoneal dialysis were matched 1:1 with those who did not by age, sex, and surgical complexity. The objective of the study was to compare the prevalence of postoperative severe acute kidney injury by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria between patients who received prophylactic peritoneal dialysis and those that did not. The significance level was set at <i>p</i> = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 224 patients underwent prophylactic peritoneal dialysis, and 224 did not. Patients in the prophylactic postoperative peritoneal dialysis group had a lower incidence of severe acute kidney injury (13.4% versus 30.4%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Fluid balance in the first 24 hours and 48 hours postoperatively was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and time to negative fluid balance was shorter in the prophylactic postoperative peritoneal dialysis group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Utilising adjusted multivariable logistic regression, we report no association between the use of prophylactic postoperative peritoneal dialysis and the development of severe acute kidney injury (<i>p</i> = 0.504).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this large cohort of patients, we report that patients who underwent prophylactic postoperative peritoneal dialysis, although they had an improved fluid balance during the first 48 postoperative hours, had no association with the development of severe acute kidney injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The heart-skin connection: Carvajal syndrome in a child with a novel <i>DSP</i> gene variant-a case report and literature review.","authors":"Shalu Gupta, Ambika Walecha, Sunita Bijarnia-Mahay","doi":"10.1017/S1047951126113353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951126113353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carvajal syndrome is a rare familial cardio-cutaneous disorder characterised by the triad of woolly hair, palmoplantar keratoderma, and dilated cardiomyopathy. It results from mutations in the DSP gene, (p 24) a desmosomal protein crucial for cell adhesion. Defective desmoplakin disrupts myocardial and epidermal integrity, leading to electrical and contractile dysfunction of the heart. The resulting cardiomyopathy progresses to life-threatening congestive heart failure. We describe a 7-year-old boy from Delhi, India, who presented with features of decompensated heart failure along with woolly hair and palmoplantar keratoderma. Genetic sequencing confirmed a homozygous DSP gene mutation with a novel variant, establishing the diagnosis of Carvajal syndrome. This case emphasises the importance of recognising dermatological manifestations as early warning signs of severe underlying cardiac disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infective endocarditis of the right atrioventricular valve and transvenous pacing lead in a patient with Down syndrome.","authors":"Siobhan Coughlan, Orla Franklin","doi":"10.1017/S1047951126123828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951126123828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 11-year-old with Down syndrome, autism, prior atrioventricular septal defect repair, and a transvenous pacemaker presented with prolonged fever and raised inflammatory markers. Eight years prior, she had a group A streptococcal sepsis with infection of an epicardial pacemaker. Echocardiography demonstrated a large vegetation on the right atrioventricular valve, with encasement of the pacemaker lead. Following treatment with intravenous antibiotics, she underwent a right atrioventricular valve repair, vegetation excision, and epicardial pacemaker placement. Post-operative recovering was uneventful. This case highlights the complex, multidisciplinary management of device-related endocarditis in Down syndrome and in CHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective diagnosis and characterisation of fetal CHD at the Fetal Exploration Unit, Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital, Chile.","authors":"Alejandro Alvarez Jara, Vicente Sanhueza Osses, Manuel Alvarez Vaccaro, Marcelo Vergara Hermosilla","doi":"10.1017/S1047951126123762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951126123762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prenatal diagnosis of CHD is essential for counseling, perinatal management, and planning surgical strategies. Data from southern Chile are scarce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, observational, descriptive study of all cases with a confirmed prenatal diagnosis of moderate or complex CHD at the Fetal Exploration Unit, Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital, between January 2018 and March 2025. Maternales variables, fetal echocardiographic findings, genetic studies, and neonatal outcomes were analysed. Survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty cases were analysed, one with complete atrioventricular block requiring pacemaker implantation and 79 with structural CHD. Male fetuses accounted for 63.8%. The most frequent entities were isolated or associated transposition of the great arteries (24.1%), hypoplastic left heart syndrome (16.5%), and coarctation of the aorta (10.1%). Twenty-one diagnostic combinations (26.6%) were documented, the most common being double-outlet right ventricle with transposition of the great arteries. Genetic testing was performed in 39 cases (48.8%), revealing chromosomal anomalies in 13 (16.3%). Maternal comorbidities were recorded in 27 pregnancies (33.8%), notably diabetes and hypothyroidism. Seventy percent of patients underwent neonatal cardiac surgery. Seventeen deaths (21.3%) occurred: one stillbirth and 16 postnatal deaths, of which 13 were neonatal. Overall survival at follow-up was 78.8%. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a marked drop in the first month of life, stabilising thereafter at ∼81%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight a high prevalence of critical lesions, a relevant proportion of chromosomal abnormalities, and a notable association with maternal hypothyroidism. Survival reflects advances in prenatal diagnosis and neonatal cardiac surgery, although challenges remain for non-surgical cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiology across continents, case series session #15: complicated post-op course in an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot.","authors":"Michael White, Julia Blando, Agustina San Pedro, Paula Dabove, Paula Bellagamba, Daniel Peck","doi":"10.1017/S104795112612383X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S104795112612383X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical experience during fellowship training and post-graduation depends on training length, resources, and time at specific institutions, contributing to knowledge deficits. Institutional collaboration overcomes such barriers wherein case discussions share knowledge and management strategy, enhancing patient outcomes. Our discussion of the management of Tetralogy of Fallot highlights key insights between programmes differing in geography and resources, hosted by Heart University.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serious cardiac events in the COVID-19 era in the paediatric population: what did we learn?","authors":"Dalia Safi, Kayanne Toutounji, Mariam Arabi","doi":"10.1017/S1047951126123956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951126123956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serious cardiac events, which are frequently associated with myocarditis or arrhythmias, pose serious public health concerns. COVID-19 can increase cardiovascular risks by causing cardiac damage, arrhythmias, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. However, important knowledge gaps about the long-term cardiac effects of COVID-19 still exist. These lead to the possibility of unusual or delayed cardiac consequences and the requirement for specialised monitoring techniques to reduce potential risks, particularly in high-risk populations. This narrative review compares serious cardiac event incidence, mechanisms, and outcomes in adults and children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were gathered from peer-reviewed studies between 2019 and 2025, such as systematic reviews, clinical reports, and cohort analyses. Focus was placed on the potential contribution of COVID-19-related cardiac events. Key research and clinical practice gaps were identified by analysing paediatric and adult populations in terms of diagnostic methods, management techniques, and long-term results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While vaccine-related cardiac complications are still uncommon, COVID-19 infection is linked to an increased risk of serious cardiac events in adults. Paediatric serious cardiac events, on the other hand, are rare but frequently associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and there have been rare, documented vaccine-associated deaths in this population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant findings reveal clear patterns in serious cardiac events mechanisms, with age-dependent differences in the severity and prognosis of COVID-19-related myocarditis, arrhythmias, and long QT syndrome, among others. These variations highlight the necessity of age-appropriate risk assessment and management techniques. In the context of COVID-19, these findings highlight distinct risk profiles for serious cardiac events, underscoring the need for targeted screening methods and focused public health initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysomnography and neurocognition in children with Fontan circulation.","authors":"Stephen M M Hawkins, Deborah R Liptzin, Jesse A Davidson, Livia A Veress, Kelly R Wolfe","doi":"10.1017/S1047951126123646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951126123646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with single-ventricle post-Fontan palliation often struggle with chronic hypoxaemia and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. This brief report describes cardiorespiratory parameters obtained through polysomnography in 48 children and adolescents with Fontan circulation and investigates associations between polysomnography and neuropsychological testing in a subset of 26 patients. We found intermittent hypoxaemia was associated with parent-reported inattention symptoms, and severity of obstructive sleep apnoea with poorer visual-motor integration skills (all <i>p</i> < 0 .05). Prompt recognition and treatment of these modifiable risk factors may have the potential to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balloon-assisted TorqVue ^TM delivery catheter advancement for residual patent ductus arteriosus closure in a postsurgical infant with Edwards syndrome.","authors":"Judyta Szeliga, Michał Gałeczka, Roland Fiszer, Aleksandra Morka","doi":"10.1017/S1047951126123804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951126123804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patent ductus arteriosus closure is usually straightforward, but prior surgical ligation may create barriers to device delivery. We describe a 1.5-month-old infant (2.9 kg) with Edwards syndrome, large ventricular septal defect, and clinically significant residual patent ductus arteriosus after pulmonary artery banding and surgical ligation. Catheterisation via 4F femoral venous access confirmed a 2.5 mm patent ductus arteriosus. An Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder 4/2 mm was planned, but delivery proved difficult. Three approaches failed: telescoping (0.014″ wire, Progreat 2.8F, and TorqVue 4F), wire escalation with multipurpose catheters and 0.018″/0.035″ exchanges, and a long 4F Flexor sheath. Obstruction at the patent ductus arteriosus level was consistent with suspected residual surgical ligature. As bailout, a 2.0 × 15 mm Ryurei coronary balloon was gently hand-inflated only to fill the TorqVue tip and used to advance the system across the obstruction. This enabled successful occluder deployment with complete closure. Residual patent ductus arteriosus after surgery may pose unique challenges; balloon-assisted sheath advancement is a simple and effective bailout when conventional techniques fail.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149030022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two slits good, four slits bad? Assessing the hemodynamic impact of modifications to microvascular plugs in pulmonary flow restriction using a bench-top model.","authors":"Natalie Soszyn, Sungho Park, Catalina Vargas Acevedo, Ernesto Mejia, Alex Barker, Jenny Zablah, Gareth Morgan","doi":"10.1017/S1047951126123932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951126123932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In patients with functionally univentricular circulations, the flow restriction achieved by modifying microvascular plugs (MVPs) during percutaneous stage I palliation has not been widely quantified. This study evaluates how progressive modification of the polytetrafuoroethylene (PTFE) membrane of MVPs alters flow restriction using a bench-top model of uni-ventricular physiology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 3D-printed model mimicking branch pulmonary arteries in parallel with a systemic outflow was connected to a Harvard pulsatile pump. Two MVP-9Q devices, each modified with one, two, three, or four slits in the PTFE membrane, were placed in limbs representing left and right pulmonary arteries. Mathematical scaling produced a valid hemodynamic model matching neonatal univentricuar physiology. Flow (L/min) was measured using sensors placed on both pulmonary arteries and the systemic limb. Flow distribution between systemic and pulmonary limbs was calculated as a percentage of fixed total flow to determine the pulmonary (Qp) to systemic (Qs) flow ratio (Qp:Qs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With a baseline model representing 2:1 Qp:Qs ratio, MVPs with one slit reduced pulmonary flow (Qp) by 23%. Two slits reduced Qp by 21% and produced a Qp:Qs ratio closest to 1:1. Additional slits progressively increased Qp and reduced restriction (three-slits: 18% reduction, Qp:Qs 1.1:1; four-slits: 15% reduction, Qp:Qs 1.3:1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Incremental PTFE membrane modification generated proportional but nonlinear effects on flow distribution in a simulated univentricular circulation. Creating one or two slits provided the optimal balance between pulmonary and systemic flow, while more than two slits produced minimal restriction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}