Cardiology in the Young最新文献

{"title":"Vascular rings - what has changed, and what do I need to know as a practitioner?","authors":"Sarah Madira, William B Orr, Joshua M Rosenblum, Ryan Pitman, Quang-Tuyen Nguyen, David Molter, Ashley Lloyd, Julie Glickstein, Markus Renno, Pirooz Eghtesady, Jacob R Miller","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125001544","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1047951125001544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vascular rings represent a heterogeneous set of aberrant great vessel anatomic configurations which can cause respiratory symptoms or dysphagia due to tracheal or oesophageal compression. These symptoms can be subtle and may present at varied ages. More recently, many have been identified in patients without symptoms, including fetal echocardiogram, resulting in a conundrum for practitioners when attempting to determine who will benefit from surgical correction. Here, we provide a review of vascular rings and a guide to the practitioner on when to consider additional imaging or referral. Additionally, we discuss the changing landscape regarding asymptomatic patients and fetal echocardiogram.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"881-887"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of epicardial fat thickness in macrosomic and non-macrosomic infants of mothers with diabetes.","authors":"Celal Varan, Ali Orgun","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125001556","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1047951125001556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epicardial fat thickness also increases in insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus patients. In our study, we aimed to compare the epicardial fat thickness and interventricular septum diameter in infants of mothers with diabetes with infants of mothers without diabetes. Also, to determine the effect of birth weight on the epicardial fat thickness and the interventricular septum diameter in infants of mothers with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between November 2022 and June 2023, infants of mothers with diabetes and healthy infants were compared. According to birth weight, infants of mothers with diabetes were divided into two groups, macrosomic infants (≥ 4000 g) and non-macrosomic infants (2500-4000 g).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 78 infants of mothers with diabetes and 56 infants of mothers without diabetes were evaluated. Epicardial fat thickness and interventricular septum diameter were found to be statistically significantly higher in infants of mothers with diabetes than in healthy infants. Epicardial fat thickness and interventricular septum diameter measurements were found to be statistically significantly higher in the macrosomic of infants than in the non-macrosomic of infants of mothers with diabetes. Asymmetric septal hypertrophy was found to be more common in macrosomic infants of diabetic mothers than in non-macrosomic infants, although not statistically significant. We also found a positive correlation between epicardial fat thickness and asymmetric septal hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Epicardial fat thickness is observed to increase along with neonatal macrosomia and heart mass in gestational diabetes mellitus. The lack of a significant increase in epicardial fat thickness and interventricular septum diameter in non-macrosomic infants of mothers with diabetes may be indicative of good glycaemic control in non-macrosomic infants of mothers with diabetes. Therefore, good glycaemic control during pregnancy and long-term follow-up of infants of mothers with diabetes after birth is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"953-957"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden cardiac death in an adolescent with unusual coronary artery anomaly.","authors":"M Holtrup, L Hernandez, M Diamond","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125001519","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1047951125001519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A case of an adolescent male with hypoplastic coronary arteries and myocardial bridging who had a sudden cardiac death event playing soccer. This rare anomaly is not easily identified and may be missed during routine work-up. Treatment options are limited and there is a need for discussion of additional treatment considerations that may prevent sudden cardiac death in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1051-1053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous treatment of aortic isthmus atresia with begraft covered stent in a 25 kg children: a case report.","authors":"G Giusti, A Busti, M Papa","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125001428","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1047951125001428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of a 25 kg male with aortic isthmus atresia and small femoral arterial access. A BeGraft covered stent was percutaneously implanted after perforating the atretic segment. This case demonstrates the feasibility and safety of transcatheter treatment using the Bentley stent, which enables smaller femoral access compared to other balloon-expandable stent platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1070-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung ultrasound accuracy to predict ventilatory outcomes after paediatric cardiac surgery.","authors":"Raíssa Q Rezende, Clarice L S Lopes, Claudia P Ricachinevsky, Jefferson P Piva","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125001775","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1047951125001775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary oedema is a common complication after paediatric cardiac surgery, and it is linked to increased morbidity. Lung ultrasound has been recognised as an alternative to chest radiography, offering rapid and accurate diagnosis without exposure to ionising radiation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study aimed to investigate the association between the severity of pulmonary oedema identified through a B-lines score-a lung ultrasound score used to assess the severity of pulmonary oedema-and ventilatory outcomes in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. It was a prospective single-centre cohort study conducted at a quaternary paediatric hospital. Patients up to 18 years old who underwent cardiac surgery for CHD were included. The primary outcome was extubation failure within 48 hours after surgery, and the secondary outcome was mechanical ventilation time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 131 included patients, 116 were extubated with an extubation failure rate of 18.3%. Patients with extubation failure were younger and had a longer duration of mechanical ventilation. A robust association between higher B-lines score on lung ultrasound within the first 24 hours after surgery and extubation failure was observed (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The correlation between B-lines score and mechanical ventilation time was positive, with stronger correlation preoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Severe pulmonary oedema detected through lung ultrasound in the first postoperative day of paediatric cardiac surgery show better accuracy to predict patients at greater risk of extubation failure and prolonged mechanical ventilation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1011-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aortic root dilatation and mitral valve prolapse in three siblings with dental anomalies and short stature syndrome due to a homozygous novel <i>LTBP3</i> variant.","authors":"Bilgehan Betül Biçer, Hayrettin Hakan Aykan, Merve Soğukpınar, Pelin Özlem Şimşek Kiper","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125001520","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1047951125001520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The latent transforming growth factor-beta-binding protein 3 (<i>LTBP3)</i>, which encodes one of the extracellular matrix proteins, plays an essential role in skeletal formation through both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the growth of different cell types, as well as on the production and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Pathogenic variants in <i>LTBP3</i> have been associated with genetic skeletal disorders that exhibit various cardiovascular features, including aortic root dilatation, aneurysm or dissection of the ascending and descending aorta, and mitral valve prolapse). Aortic root dilatation, an aortopathy that may have lifethreatening consequences, is among the clinical findings in various connective tissue disorders, including Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and Loeys-Dietz syndrome. Aortic root dilatation, aneurysm, and aortic dissection should be carefully investigated by cardiologists. In this study, we describe three siblings with short stature and dental anomalies. A homozygous, novel, c.2726-1G > A pathogenic variant in <i>LTBP3</i> was identified through exome sequencing. After the detection of the <i>LTBP3</i> variant, the patients were evaluated for possible cardiac findings, which revealed mitral valve prolapse and aortic root dilatation despite the absence of clinical symptoms. In this study, we aimed to shed light on the diagnosis of dental anomalies and short tature syndrome in three siblings with a novel <i>LTBP3</i> pathogenic variant revealed through exome sequencing. Additionally, we emphasise the importance of searching for cardiac findings, even in the absence of clinical symptoms. We highly suggest that cardiologists take note of cardiac findings in patients with dental anomalies and short stature syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1046-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbubbles in the venous and arterial circulations due to intestinal pathology in a child with unrepaired CHD: is all gas bad?","authors":"Lisha E Thomas, Rohit S Loomba","doi":"10.1017/S104795112500143X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S104795112500143X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a unique case of microbubbles incidentally found on echocardiogram in a child with unpalliated CHD. The microbubbles were found in both the venous and arterial circulations and spontaneously resolved. A detailed evaluation was done to identify the source of air in the circulation. The child did have concurrent necrotising enterocolitis, and it was felt that the bubbles were secondary to this and intestinal translocation of air.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1043-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of protein-losing enteropathy secondary to constrictive pericarditis in a 3-year-old boy: a rare case report.","authors":"Ying Lyu, Hongyan Lyu, Xinxin Lyu","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125000216","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1047951125000216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents the case of a 3-year-old boy whose primary symptom was hypoproteinemia. After evaluations at multiple hospitals, he was sequentially diagnosed with protein-losing enteropathy and constrictive pericarditis. Following pericardiectomy, his albumin levels returned to normal. Additionally, a review of several similar cases is provided, with the aim of aiding in the diagnosis of related conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"863-865"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aetiological distribution and clinical features in children with large pericardial effusion who underwent pericardiocentesis.","authors":"Furkan Donbaloğlu, Vehbi Doğan, Serpil Kaya Çelebi, Meryem Beyazal, İlker U Sayıcı, Zeynep Donbaloğlu","doi":"10.1017/S104795112500054X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S104795112500054X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics and aetiological factors of patients who underwent pericardiocentesis for moderate to large pericardial effusion.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 38 patients who underwent pericardiocentesis due to moderate-severe pericardial effusion and not related to cardiac surgery were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The male-to-female ratio was 2.16, and found to be 7.5 in patients over 3 years of age. Mean age and body weight of the patients were 69.4 ± 74.9 months and 22.5 ± 22.4 kg. Dyspnoea (51.7%) was the most common complaint, followed by chest pain (37.9%). Tamponade was present in 23.7% of the patients. The largest diameter of effusion was 24.4 ± 10.4 mm. The amount of fluid drained was 279.24 ± 279 ml. Macroscopic appearance was serous in 12 (34.3%), and haemorrhagic in 18 (51.4%). No complication related to procedure was seen. Aetiology for efusion was infectious in 26%, idiopathic in 18%, iatrogenic in 11%, rheumatological in 11%, malignancy in 8%, cardiomyopathy in 8%, and other factors related in 18%. Of the 38 patients, 16 received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), and colchicine and corticostreoid were added in nine and two patients, respectively. A total of eight (21%) patients died during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, percutaneous pericardiocentesis can be applied safely and the underlying aetiology is decisive in the prognosis of the patient. Although pericardial effusion in children is often due to inflammation of the pericardium, it can develop as a finding of many local or systemic diseases that should be kept in mind.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"784-790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary artery banding for dilated and depressed left ventricle: dilated cardiomyopathy versus left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Andrey Semyashkin, Julia Nesteruk, Dimitra Giannikopouloui, Michael Scheid, Gleb Tarusinov, Aktam Tannous, Marcel Te Vrugt, Lotfi Ben Mime","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125000460","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1047951125000460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To retrospectively assess the suitability of pulmonary artery banding as a treatment strategy for dilated cardiomyopathy and left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was retrospective and included consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria: diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy or left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy and left ventricular ejection fraction less than 35%. Cardiac indices were documented, and clinical outcomes were followed for 5 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 21 patients with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction due to dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 11) or left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (n = 10), treated either with anti-congestion medication alone or in combination with pulmonary artery banding. The groups treated with pulmonary artery banding showed significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction compared to controls (ANOVA, <i>p</i> = 0.0002), with no major adverse events. In the subgroup with left ventricular non-compaction, pulmonary artery banding led to significant improvement of the left ventricular ejection fraction (<i>p</i> = 0.00002) and significant reductions in the Z scores of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (<i>p</i> = 0.0002) and of end-diastolic volume (<i>p</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pulmonary artery banding appears to be a viable strategy for improving heart function in patients with non-compaction and dilated cardiomyopathy and depressed left ventricular ejection fraction. While pulmonary artery banding demonstrated more pronounced benefits in the subgroup with non-compaction cardiomyopathy, significantly enhancing cardiac restoration indices throughout the follow-up period, warranting further investigation in larger studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"717-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}