{"title":"The double scimitar sign.","authors":"Saileela Rajan, Arun Sundaram, Robert Coelho","doi":"10.1017/S104795112510070X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S104795112510070X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present striking and unique imaging features of a child with scimitar syndrome, demonstrating a rare 'double sword appearance' across multiple imaging modalities including chest radiography, angiography and computed tomography.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrés David Aranzazu, Isabel C Sánchez, Sydney Goldfeder, Mónica Isabel Guzmán
{"title":"Fontan-associated liver disease: paediatric experience in a reference centre in Colombia.","authors":"Andrés David Aranzazu, Isabel C Sánchez, Sydney Goldfeder, Mónica Isabel Guzmán","doi":"10.1017/S104795112510084X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S104795112510084X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fontan-associated liver disease is a condition characterised by structural, functional, and clinical alterations secondary to the haemodynamic changes of this circulation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the experience of a series of paediatric patients with Fontan-associated liver dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study including 12 patients with Fontan-associated liver disease. Patients were selected from the single-ventricle program at a high-complexity centre in Colombia between 2001 and 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 108 patients were in the Fontan stage. Among them, 12 met the criteria for Fontan-associated liver disease (11.1%). The median age at extracardiac Fontan completion was 3.9 years, while the median age at Fontan-associated liver disease diagnosis was 14.5 years. Concomitant protein-losing enteropathy and/or plastic bronchitis were present in 33% of cases. Echocardiographic follow-up showed systolic dysfunction in 41% and diastolic dysfunction in 16% of patients. All patients exhibited some degree of valvular insufficiency, mild in 83.3% and moderate in 16%. Haemodynamic variables at the time of diagnosis did not show significant abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Liver disease is a persistent concern in paediatric patients with Fontan physiology, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Healthcare professionals managing these patients should be aware of its early identification and appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erica V Stelmaszewski, Mariel L Foti, Carlos F Rosental
{"title":"Cardiac hemangioma in children: case report.","authors":"Erica V Stelmaszewski, Mariel L Foti, Carlos F Rosental","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125100656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951125100656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A preterm newborn (36 weeks, 2000 g) was diagnosed with hepatic hemangiomas during routine screening. Echocardiography revealed cardiac hemangiomas and pericardial effusion, requiring drainage. Propranolol was initiated for hepatic involvement. Over three years, cardiac and hepatic hemangiomas regressed without complications. This rare coexistence highlights the importance of multidisciplinary management and long-term follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amy L Kiskaddon, Semerjit Bains, Andrew H Smith, James A Quintessenza, Shannon Frank, Gerson Rodriguez-Fazzi, Vyas M Kartha
{"title":"Caudal Anaesthesia: clonidine and morphine dosing and outcomes in paediatric cardiac surgery.","authors":"Amy L Kiskaddon, Semerjit Bains, Andrew H Smith, James A Quintessenza, Shannon Frank, Gerson Rodriguez-Fazzi, Vyas M Kartha","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125100620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951125100620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe caudal analgesia agent, dose, reported adverse events, and outcomes in a single-centre, retrospective cohort study of 200 patients undergoing cardiac surgery from October 2020 to April 2023. Median (interquartile range) doses of clonidine and morphine were 2.7 (2.1-3) mCg/kg and 0.12 (0.1-1.12) mg/kg, respectively. Our findings suggest that a clonidine/morphine caudal was tolerated in cardiac surgical patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pulmonary artery banding in dilated cardiomyopathy: impact of age.","authors":"Dietmar Schranz","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125001672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951125001672","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Middle aortic syndrome in a paediatric patient with Williams syndrome: a case report.","authors":"Basil M Baccouche, Dakota Salazar, Claudia Algaze","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125100589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951125100589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Middle aortic syndrome is rare cause of secondary hypertension, typically manifesting in childhood or early adolescence. It involves obstructive narrowing of the aorta, often occurring in the distal thoracic and abdominal aorta and its major branches. While the exact cause of middle aortic syndrome is not fully understood, it has been linked to hereditary genetic conditions such as Williams syndrome. This case report describes a 16-year-old female with Williams syndrome who presented with abdominal pain and hematochezia. CT angiography revealed moderate narrowing of the abdominal aorta, consistent with a diagnosis of middle aortic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144538976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah L Tallent, Trudy A Pierick, Jo Ann M Davis, Sonali S Patel, Sophia Marusic, Andrew W McCrary
{"title":"Immunisation recommendations for children with single ventricle CHD.","authors":"Sarah L Tallent, Trudy A Pierick, Jo Ann M Davis, Sonali S Patel, Sophia Marusic, Andrew W McCrary","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125100632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951125100632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recommendations for immunisation practices in children with single ventricle CHD are lacking. A survey of 53 heart centres received responses from 40 centres (33 complete and 7 partial) revealing variability in immunisation recommendations. Only 11% have a written protocol. Immunisations were delayed before cardiopulmonary bypass in 94% (32/34) and after cardiopulmonary bypass in 97% (30/31), with 34% (13/38) re-dosing some immunisations post cardiopulmonary bypass. Further research is needed to develop guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisa Hornberger, Carolina Escudero, Hilal Al Riyami
{"title":"Ventricular tachycardia in fetus and neonate: a single centre experience.","authors":"Lisa Hornberger, Carolina Escudero, Hilal Al Riyami","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125100814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951125100814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ventricular tachycardia is a rare condition in the fetus and neonate with a paucity of data regarding the management and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed the clinical histories, associated CHD and syndromes, diagnostic investigations, management strategies, and outcomes for all fetuses and neonates with ventricular tachycardia encountered between 2005 and 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five fetal and 8 neonatal cases of ventricular tachycardia were encountered. Two (40%) fetal cases, compared to 5 (62%) neonatal cases had CHD (p = 0.59), and only 1 fetus had cardiomyopathy with findings suggesting restriction before ventricular tachycardia onset. The median age at ventricular tachycardia presentation was 32 (26-37) weeks for fetal and 11 (1-27) days for neonatal cases. Of the fetal cases, 2 were initially treated trans-placentally with propranolol and 2 with amiodarone. Two fetuses (40%) had ventricular tachycardia suppression prenatally that recurred during the neonatal period necessitating propranolol therapy, 2 (40%) had resolution before birth with no postnatal recurrence, and the cardiomyopathy case never achieved full control, developed hydrops and demised. Of the neonatal cases, 4 received intravenous antiarrhythmics on admission: 3 amiodarone and 1 esmolol, and 2 of these were converted to propranolol and 2 to sotalol. Three other neonates initially received propranolol, with 1 discharged on propranolol, 1 on sotalol, and 1 on mexiletine after failed propranolol and sotalol treatment. The 8th neonate was discharged on no medication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most fetal and neonatal ventricular tachycardia is manageable with pharmacologic therapy. Given its rarity, larger studies are needed to identify optimal management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Manoeuvering an alterra pre stent around obstacles.","authors":"Frank Han, Priti Patel","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125100759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951125100759","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brock A Karolcik, Kevin L Smith, Michael J Calcaterra, Mary D Schiff, Maya I Ragavan, Tarek Alsaied, Christopher W Follansbee, Lee B Beerman, Gaurav Arora
{"title":"The association of the child opportunity index on outcomes in paediatric patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White.","authors":"Brock A Karolcik, Kevin L Smith, Michael J Calcaterra, Mary D Schiff, Maya I Ragavan, Tarek Alsaied, Christopher W Follansbee, Lee B Beerman, Gaurav Arora","doi":"10.1017/S1047951125100802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951125100802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Child Opportunity Index is an index of 29 indicators of social determinants of health linked to the United States of America Census. Disparities in the treatment of Wolff-Parkinson-White have not be reported. We hypothesise that lower Child Opportunity Index levels are associated with greater disease burden (antiarrhythmic use, ablation success, and Wolff-Parkinson-White recurrence) and ablation utilisation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, single-centre study was performed with Wolff-Parkinson-White patients who received care from January 2021 to July 2023. Following exclusion for <5 years old and with haemodynamically significant CHD, 267 patients were included (45% high, 30% moderate, and 25% low Child Opportunity Index). Multi-level logistic and log-linear regression was performed to assess the relationship between Child Opportunity Index levels and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low patients were more likely to be Black (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and to have public insurance (<i>p</i> = 0.0006), though, there were no significant differences in ablation utilisation (<i>p</i> = 0.44) or time from diagnosis to ablation (<i>p</i> = 0.37) between groups. There was an inverse relationship with emergency department use (<i>p</i> = 0.007). The low group had 2.8 times greater odds of having one or more emergency department visits compared to the high group (<i>p</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Child Opportunity Index was not related with ablation utilisation, while there was an inverse relationship in emergency department use. These findings suggest that while social determinants of health, as measured by Child Opportunity Index, may influence emergency department utilisation, they do not appear to impact the overall management and procedural timing for Wolff-Parkinson-White treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9435,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in the Young","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}