Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Life After the Stent or the Scalpel: Comparative Study of Quality of Life after 1 year following Coronary Revascularization.","authors":"Vikas Dhaka, B S Shekhawat, Aashray Gupta, Vijay Kumar Saini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are established revascularization procedures for coronary artery disease. While both improve survival and relieve symptoms, their comparative impact on long-term quality of life (QoL), particularly in low- and middle-income countries like India, remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess and compare Quality of life in patients one year after CABG and PCI.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional comparative study included 100 patients aged 40-65 years, comprising 50 individuals who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and 50 who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), evaluated one year after their respective revascularization procedures. Data were collected using a semi-structured proforma, and quality of life was assessed with the Hindi version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between groups. CABG patients had significantly higher total QoL scores compared to PCI patients (66.59±6.69 vs. 63.34±9.39, p=0.050). Physical health (p=0.012) and environmental (p=0.030) domains were significantly better in the CABG group. Psychological and social domains showed no significant difference. Comorbidities including Diabetes and Hypertension negatively affected QoL in both groups, while education was positively associated with QoL in CABG patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed that CABG is associated with better physical, environmental, and overall QoL one year after revascularization compared to PCI. Addressing comorbidities and sociodemographic factors is essential to improve long-term QoL in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"921-932"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Adolescents and Young Females with Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Monika Singh, Sujata Deo, Vandana Solanki, Gyanendra Kumar Sonkar, Pratibha Kumari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) involves painful lower abdominal cramps during menstruation without pelvic pathology. Oxidative stress may contribute to PD pathogenesis. This study examined the correlation between oxidative stress markers in adolescents and young females with PD.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This case-control study was conducted at King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India, among 73 participants (40 PD as cases and 33 age-matched healthy controls). Menstrual pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) were quantified using assay kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early menarche (≤12 years) significantly increased the risk of PD (OR: 14.76, 95% CI: 4.54-47.94, p<0.001). Most PD subjects (75%) had a normal BMI, while controls had higher rates of overweight/obesity (OR: 9.0, 95% CI: 2.72-29.75, p=0.0003). The PD group reported higher consumption of spicy food and tea/coffee, and lower consumption of fruits/vegetables (p<0.05). They also had lower physical activity (7.5% Vs 75.8%, OR:125, p<0.01) and a higher frequency of family history (60% vs 40%), OR: 5.57, 95% CI: 1.9-15.87, p<0.001). Hormonal profiles (LH, FSH, TSH, and PRL) were similar between groups. The PD group exhibited elevated MDA (5.40±1.03 vs 4.46±0.73 μMol/ml) and reduced SOD (10.23±2.37 vs 14.41±1.31 U/ml) and GSH (15.77±2.41 vs 21.83±1.44 μMol/ml). MDA was negatively correlated with GSH (r=0.447; p=0.032), while SOD was positively correlated with GSH (r=0.496; p=0.031). In the PD group, BMI showed a negative correlation with MDA levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oxidative stress significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of PD, evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant defenses. These findings highlight oxidative damage as a potential target for therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"1083-1093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Eye Remedies and Ocular Complications in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Ifeyinwa Ogechi Chukwukwe, Oluchi Ndidi Ekwufulem, Tochukwu Favour Chikezie, King Ikechukwu Nnochiri, Amarachukwu F Okafor, Kelechi Chikezie, Victoria Ndidi Uwanuruchi, Ibrahim Aminu Shehu, Monsurat Oriyomi Nureni, Emem Williams, Emeka Chianakwalam, Ehianu Maynard Aminaho, Felix Agwu, Chioma Rita Uchendu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional eye medicine (TEM) refers to substances or practices used outside conventional ophthalmic care to treat eye conditions, including plant extracts, animal products, oils, breast milk, and locally prepared mixtures applied directly to the eye. In Sub-Saharan Africa, TEM remains widely used due to cultural beliefs, limited access to formal eye care, and reliance on traditional healers, with reported prevalence ranging from 5.9% to 82.3%. This systematic review evaluates the prevalence, types, and ocular outcomes associated with TEM use in Sub-Saharan Africa. The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and African Journals Online, with supplementary grey literature identified through Google Scholar. Studies were included if they examined TEM use in human populations within Sub-Saharan Africa and reported clinical outcomes or complications. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and a structured epidemiological framework. Twelve studies across five countries were included. Plant-based remedies were the most frequently reported, followed by chemical substances, breast milk, and honey. TEM use was consistently associated with delayed hospital presentation, increased disease severity at admission, and a higher burden of corneal complications. Reported outcomes included corneal ulceration, corneal opacity, endophthalmitis, panophthalmitis, and irreversible vision loss. TEM remains a significant contributor to preventable ocular morbidity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Addressing this requires community education on the risks of unregulated eye treatments, improved access to ophthalmic care, and collaboration with traditional healers to promote timely referral.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"806-822"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of Thyroid Disorders in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, South-West, Nigeria.","authors":"Taiwo Hussean Raimi, Olabode Olayinka Oguntiloye, Julius Gbenga Olaogun, Morenike Bosede Kolapo, Raimi Th, Oguntiloye Oo, Olaogun Jg, Kolapo Mb","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thyroid disorders are the commonest endocrine diseases encountered in the adult endocrine outpatient department, after diabetes mellitus. Its aetiologies are diverse, with far-reaching consequences. We aim to describe the pattern of thyroid disorders in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A 5-year retrospective analysis of medical records of patients with thyroid disorders who presented to the medical and surgical outpatients of Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital. Information on age, gender, symptomatology, and duration, as well as physical findings, laboratory investigations, radiological and pathological findings, and diagnosis, was extracted. Descriptive analysis was done with SPSS version 25.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 103 patients aged 42.0 (13.4) years, of whom 99 (96.1%) were females. The median duration of symptoms was nine months, and 87.3% of patients presented with goitre. Hyperthyroidism was present in 56.5%, hypothyroidism in 12.0%, and euthyroid state in 12.0% each. The most common symptoms among patients with thyrotoxicosis were weight loss (86.5%), followed by palpitations (84.6%), diaphoresis (67.3%), heat intolerance (63.5%), increased appetite and fatigue (40.4%). Graves' disease was the commonest cause of hyperthyroidism (53.9%), followed by toxic multinodular goitre (19.2%). The commonest cause of hypothyroidism was thyroidectomy (27.3%). Thyroid ultrasound revealed multinodular goitre, diffuse goitre, single nodule, and normal findings in 53.1%, 37.5%, 7.8%, and 1.6%, respectively. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed a benign lesion in most (78.8%) samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most of the patients with thyroid disorder had hyperthyroidism, with Graves' disease as the commonest aetiology, followed by toxic multinodular goitre. The commonest cause of hypothyroidism is thyroidectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"1162-1172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Health Belief Model based Educational Intervention for Breast Cancer Prevention among Women of Reproductive Age Group (WRA) in Burdwan Municipality, West Bengal, India: A quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Sulagna Das, Anisha Sarkar, Akash Dutta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality, with critically low (0.2% in urban areas per NFHS-5) screening rates in India. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on breast cancer knowledge and screening perceptions among Women of Reproductive Age (WRA) in West Bengal.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A quasi-experimental, single-group pre-test/post-test study was conducted among 435 WRA in the urban slums of Burdwan. Participants (median age 30 years) received four teaching sessions, the intervention per se, each lasting 45-60 minutes. Data on sociodemographic profile, breast cancer knowledge, and HBM domains (susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy) were collected at baseline, one month, and six months post-intervention. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated measure ANOVA and multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The educational intervention led to statistically significant improvements across all HBM domains (p<0.001). Multivariable logistic regression showed that women aged ≤ 30 years had significantly higher odds of satisfactory 'cues to action' [aOR= 4.731] and 'perceived benefits' [aOR=10.745], while those > 30 years had lower odds of 'perceived susceptibility' [aOR= 0.052]. Living in a nuclear family was associated with both satisfactory 'susceptibility' [aOR=3.099] and higher 'perceived barriers' [aOR= 2.626]. Higher family income (> Rs.7000/-) was a significant predictor for satisfactory 'self-efficacy' [aOR= 2.684].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HBM-based intervention significantly improved perceptions regarding breast cancer. The findings confirm that sociodemographic factors like age, family type and income are key determinants of health beliefs, providing crucial information for developing tailored interventions to overcome specific barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"1140-1149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported Levels of Competence and Consistency in Removable Partial Denture Design Among Nigerian Clinical Dental Students and Recent Graduates: An Exploratory Survey.","authors":"Olugbenga Adetokunbo Adenuga-Taiwo, Oluwafeyisayo Francis Ikusika, Bolanle Oyeyemi Akinboboye, Temitope Olabisi Omosebi, Patricia Adetokunbo Akeredolu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Denture designs form an important component in both undergraduate and postgraduate examinations in Nigeria. It is a means of communication between the dentists and technologists. This study assessed self-reported levels of competence and consistency in removable partial denture design among clinical dental students and recent graduates. It also sought to determine the level of knowledge about denture design.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The study was an online semi-structured questionnaire survey of 170 clinical dental students and dental house officers in ten dental schools in Nigeria. Data on participants' technical knowledge of denture design were retrieved on a five-point Likert scale. Self-perceived opinions on competence at denture designing were scored as good, fair, and poor. Data were summarized as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square was used to determine associations. The strengths of associations were tested by binary logistic regression. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 107 students (male: female = 59:48) and 63 house officers (male: female = 40: 23) participated in the study. The mean age of the students was 26±1,8 years, while the house officers were on average 28.1±2.1 years old. More house officers (84.1%) self-reported competence, and (74.9%) consistency in denture design drawing. There was a strong association between participants' knowledge and consistency in denture design drawing. Participants' competence and consistency were not associated with age or gender.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The majority of the respondents self-reported competence and consistency, and demonstrated good levels of knowledge in partial denture design.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"996-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between disease severity and quality of life in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: A cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Hajja Bintu Shettima, Auwal Adamu, Adamu Abubakar, Fatima Shettima Arfo, Hamman Ibrahim Garandawa, Aliyu Muhammad Kodiya, Mala Bukar Sandabe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) interferes with daily functioning and well-being. Though not life-threatening, the severity of CRS can affect quality of life (QoL), turning everyday moments into persistent struggles. Despite its high prevalence, little research has assessed its relationship with patients' specific QoL. This study aimed to assess the relationship between disease severity and quality of life in CRS patients.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This was a cross-sectional survey conducted among patients with CRS. Severity of disease was determined using the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), while the QoL was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQoL-BREF) and the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI) questionnaires. RSDI was interpreted as a higher score indicated poor QoL. While for WHOQoL, a higher score indicated good QoL. The data was compared using Spearman's rank correlation test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 114 participants, with 58 (50.9%) males and 56 (49.1%) females. Their age ranged between 18 - 70 years, with a mean of 37.60 ±13.03 years. The Spearman's test revealed a statistically significant moderate negative correlation between SNOT-22 scores and various WHOQoL domains: physical health (r_s = -0.291, p = 0.002), psychological well-being (rs = -0.279, p = 0.003), social relationships (r_s = -0.179, p = 0.005), and environmental health (r_s = -0.274, p = 0.001) domains. The comparison of disease severity and RSDI showed a positive moderate correlation (r_s = 0.50, p = 0.000) that is statistically significant. The relation between disease severity and RSDI showed a positive correlation because higher RSDI indicated poor QoL, while the relationship between disease severity and WHOQoL showed a negative correlation because higher WHOQoL indicated good QoL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SNOT-22 scores were statistically significant and moderately correlated with all four WHOQoL domains, indicating that higher disease severity scores are consistently associated with poorer quality of life across physical health, psychological well-being, social relationships, and environmental health domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"1014-1022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Plasma Electrolyte Status in Pre-eclamptic and Normotensive Pregnant Women in Zaria.","authors":"A K Ogunkunle, F A Mahmud, M G Abubakar, A B Dogara, F A Mahmud, F A Musa, A IbnUthman, I Modu, M Manu, H M Suleiman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity, characterized by endothelial dysfunction and renal impairment that may alter electrolyte balance. However, findings on electrolyte disturbances remain inconsistent, and the absence of population-specific reference intervals limits clinical interpretation in low-resource settings.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate plasma electrolyte patterns among pre-eclamptic and normotensive pregnant women and establish locally relevant reference intervals for electrolyte parameters in Zaria, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, from January to August 2024. A total of 222 pregnant women were enrolled, comprising 100 women with pre-eclampsia and 122 normotensive controls. Plasma sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate concentrations were measured using an ion-selective electrode analyzer. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used for group comparisons, while multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for gestational age. Reference intervals were derived from the normotensive cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate did not differ significantly between groups (all p > 0.05). However, hyponatraemia was significantly more prevalent among women with pre-eclampsia than controls (44.0% vs. 27.9%) and remained independently associated with pre-eclampsia after adjustment for gestational age (adjusted OR 3.54, 95% CI 1.75-7.17; p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in potassium, chloride, or bicarbonate abnormalities. Reduced bicarbonate levels in both groups were consistent with physiological renal compensation for pregnancy-related respiratory alkalosis. Locally derived reference intervals showed modest differences from conventional ranges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Electrolyte disturbances in pre-eclampsia are better reflected by distributional abnormalities than by differences in mean concentrations. The strong association between hyponatraemia and pre-eclampsia highlights its potential clinical relevance and underscores the need for context-specific reference intervals and prospective studies to determine its temporal and prognostic significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"1094-1103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Safety of Spinal Anaesthesia for Paediatric Herniotomy in a Resource-Limited Outreach Setting in Abia State, Southeast Nigeria.","authors":"Ikenna Stanley Ilo, Doris Ifeyinwa Ilo, Isaac Sunday Chukwu, Brendan Ejiofor Madu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subarachnoid block (spinal anaesthesia) is a safe, cost-effective option for paediatric surgery, especially in resource-limited settings. In rural Nigeria, where surgical outreach programs provide vital care, this technique offers rapid onset, reliable analgesia, minimal airway manipulation, and fewer postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This prospective observational study was conducted over six months (September 2025-March 2026) during surgical outreach programs in Ebem Ohaofia, Abia State, and at Madonna Catholic Hospital and Isiala Ngwa North Hospital. Sixty-one consecutive paediatrics patients aged 2-8 years undergoing herniotomy under subarachnoid block were enrolled. Relevant perioperative data, including block characteristics, intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, and complications, were collected and analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 61 children aged 2-8 years underwent herniotomy under subarachnoid block (SAB). There was a male predominance (50 males, 11 females; ratio 4.5:1). No cases of failed block or conversion to general anaesthesia were recorded. Intraoperatively, no patient developed bradycardia, while hypotension occurred in one patient (1.6%), who was aged 8 years. Perioperative shivering was observed in five patients (8.2%) and was treated with pentazocine (0.25 mg/kg). The most common postoperative complaint was pain, reported in 16.4% (10) of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Subarachnoid block appears to be a practical anaesthetic technique for paediatric patients in surgical outreach programs in rural Abia State. Its advantages, including rapid onset, minimal equipment requirements, and favourable recovery profile, make it particularly suitable for resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"1031-1038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of JAK2 V617F in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: From Mutation to Manifestation: A Review.","authors":"Oindrila Dhar, Somdatta Bhaumik, Abhishek Sharma, Anjan Kumar Das, Tuphan Kanti Dolai, Sounik Sarkar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by excessive production of one or more mature myeloid lineages. The JAK2 V617F point mutation - present in nearly all patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and in approximately 50% of those with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) - is the principal molecular driver in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative MPNs. This review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, aimed to evaluate the clinical manifestations (thrombosis, splenomegaly, and bleeding), hematological parameters, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and risk of disease progression to acute leukemia or myelofibrosis associated with the JAK2 V617F mutation. A comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2005 and 2025. Following screening of 1,100 candidate records, 10 primary studies encompassing 3,311 patients were included in the final synthesis. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The included studies demonstrate that the majority of JAK2 V617F-positive MPN patients are older than 50 years, with no marked sex predilection. Splenomegaly and thrombotic events were frequently reported across cohorts. Serum LDH levels, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were consistently elevated, while leukocytosis was the predominant hematological finding, though white blood cell (WBC) counts varied widely across MPN subtypes. A minority of patients demonstrated disease transformation to acute leukemia or myelofibrosis. These findings underscore the central prognostic and diagnostic significance of JAK2 V617F in Ph-negative MPNs and highlight its value in clinical risk stratification and therapeutic monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":94346,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association","volume":"67 3","pages":"806-822"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13477696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}