Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Study of Plaque pH Response to Non-Fermentable Sugar in Caries-Free Children and Adults.","authors":"Naseemoon Shaik, Vivek Buddha, Krishna Priya Vellore, Vidya Priyadarshini, Tirumala Ravali Cheduravally, Kavya Pala","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_377_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_377_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective caries prevention relies on understanding oral pH regulation (Stephan curve) during fermentable carbohydrate challenges. Saliva and plaque fluid buffering systems play a crucial role, but their composition, secretion rate, and buffering capacity vary with age, affecting pH regulation over time.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate plaque pH changes over a period of 30 min post-challenge of distilled water and 10% stevia in children (4-6 years), young adult (22-25 years).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Consented 20 children and 20 young adults refrained from tooth brushing for 48 hours. Subjects from each age group were randomly divided into two groups, namely control and stevia. After evaluating baseline saliva and plaque pH, the subjects were asked to rinse thoroughly with 15 mL of the test drinks for a period of 30 s. Post-rinse at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 plaque pH of each sample was measured. pH curves were constructed using the mean plaque pH readings of test drink and compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children exhibited higher baseline plaque pH and more effective pH recovery compared to adults across test groups (control and stevia). In the stevia group, children maintained higher pH values at all time points, highlighting superior buffering capacity in children compared to adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitation of this study, a significant variation was observed in pH regulation system of children compared to adults, and in children, the pH was better regulated.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S780-S782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Flexural Strength of PMMA Enhanced with Glass Fibers and Aluminum Oxide: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Surabhi Pravin Dudhe, Prajakta Thool, P Suganya, Shekhar Gupta, Ban Ahmed Almudarris, Guntaas Bedi","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1989_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1989_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the flexural strength of Heat Cure Denture Base Resin reinforced with glass fiber and aluminum Oxide.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate and compare the flexural strength (FS) of conventional heat cure acrylic resin denture base (PMMA) and reinforced resins by the addition of 5% by weight of aluminum oxide and glass fibers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total 60 samples consisting of conventional heat cured acrylic denture base resin (DPI) with incorporation of 5% each of aluminum oxide and glass fiber nanoparticles were studied in three groups of 20 samples each. A rectangular stainless-steel die measuring 10 mm × 65 mm × 3 mm was fabricated and flaked to obtain mold space for acrylic samples preparation. The uniform reinforcement of nanoparticles to PMMA was performed using Vortex mixer. The flexural strength was measured using three point bending test (Instron universal testing machine).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The flexural strength of Group B (PMMA reinforced with 5 wt.% of aluminum oxide showed to be highest among all study groups when compared to control group (Group A - Conventional heat cured acrylic DPI. Amongst the experimental groups, the flexural strength of conventional heat cure acrylic resin was found to be lowest. The results obtained were statistically analyzed by one way ANOVAs test and <i>Post hoc</i> test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of 5% aluminum oxide increases the flexural strength of heat cure acrylic denture base resin reinforcement of 5% glass fibers & 5% aluminum oxide significantly improves the flexural strength compared to conventional PMMA resin.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S571-S573"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Applications of Algae in Osteogenic Therapies: A Review of Recent Advances.","authors":"Ashwini A Aher, Sunil N Thitame","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1638_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1638_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microalgae, like <i>Chlorella, Spirulina</i>, and various genera of red and brown algae, contain other beneficial bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, that may promote owning formation. This article looks at how bioactive compounds derived from algae contribute to the process of bone mitosis and how they modulate inflammation as well as activate signals associated with bone remodeling. The review states that despite the promise, algae for osteogenic therapies requires further study for ordinary data and fundamental knowledge in therapeutic treatments that should be highly specialized.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S16-S19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report on the Management of Bird Feathers and Droplet Infection in Lungs.","authors":"Sagar S Bhovare, Akhataribano Sheikh Sayyad","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1673_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1673_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Birds can carry most of the diseases. The few diseases are people's bird feathers and droplets infection in the lungs. Because it occurs due to very close and regular contact with the birds, it affects the human immune system. It is believed that pollutants affect lung function by causing airway inflammation. At least in some circumstances, many common infections can spread through the air. A male patient, age 20, was brought to AVBR Hospital, complaining of cough, runny nose, dyspnea, etc. A diagnostic thoracic CT scan and chest X-ray were performed, along with a blood investigation. Medical management was provided to the patient in syrup Lvpituss 10 ml, Tablet. Montain, Tablet. wysolone, DPI flutrol 250 1 capsule. A 20-year-old male was admitted to the respiratory department. With the diagnosis of Bird feathers and droplet infection, with a chief complaint of associated chest pain, breathing difficulty, runny eyes, lethargy, etc. The medical treatment had a positive effect on the patient's condition. Now patient symptoms are reduced, and he is in good condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S975-S978"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endocrine Disorder: Advance in Understanding Diabetes and Obesity A Review.","authors":"Damini D Salunke, Ashwini A Aher, Sunil N Thitame","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_539_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_539_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of which is several endocrine abnormalities, which are associated with obesity due to changing the hypothalamic-pituitary hormone axis and include growth hormone insufficiency, hypothyroidism, and Cushing disease and hypogonadism. Apart from storing energy, adipose tissue is involved in numerous other critical functions that can be catalyzed by adipocytes secretion of hormones (i.e., adiponectin) and chemicals (i.e., leptin). In addition, polycystic ovarian syndrome is due to the hyperinsulinemia and contributes to Obesity, as hyperinsulinemia is the main cause of obesity, and the function of adipose tissue in hypothalamic pituitary endocrine axis. Diabetes, especially <i>T2D</i> can be consider as insulin resistance, compromised glucose homeostasis and beta cell dysfunction. New discoveries showing that inflammation, gut microbiota, and adipose tissue are involved in the formation of the insulin resistance (multifactorial character of insulin resistance) have been made. Furthermore, advances in the pharmaceutical therapies have shown promising results in terms of the management of obesity with bariatric surgery, <i>SGLT2</i> inhibitors, and <i>GLP-1</i> receptor agonists in the enhancement of glycemic control. A possible approach towards more successful interventions is provided by the integration of personalized medicine, which targets certain biological pathways and genetic variants. The current developments in the molecular causes of obesity and diabetes, as well as the changing treatment landscape, are highlighted in this review. These developments eventually open the door to better patient outcomes and the possibility of more customized therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S32-S35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Study on the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Oral Premalignant Lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"Neha Khaire, Janvi B Movva, Vishwa Desai, Divya S Gunnam, Prashant A Karni, Ayushi Patel, Afroz Kalmee Syed","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1441_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1441_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) are precursors to oral cancer and are commonly associated with lifestyle risk factors, particularly tobacco and alcohol use. Identifying the prevalence and associated risk factors of OPLs in a tertiary care setting is crucial for developing targeted interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted among patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital. The prevalence of OPLs was assessed, and risk factors such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and betel quid chewing were evaluated. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine significant associations between risk factors and the presence of OPLs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of OPLs was found to be 7.2%, with the highest incidence among individuals with tobacco and quid-chewing habits. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between tobacco use and the development of OPLs (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the high prevalence of OPLs and their strong association with tobacco and quid-chewing habits. These findings emphasize the need for public health interventions targeting high-risk populations to prevent the progression of OPLs to oral cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S427-S429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Kangaroo Mother Care on Physiological Parameters and Health Experiences of Primiparous Mothers at a Tertiary Care Center: A Mixed-Methods Study.","authors":"Rathiswari Posan, Theranirajan Ethiraj, Shankar Shanmugam Rajendran, Rema Chandramohan, Kannan Kasinathan, Thillainayaki Chandran, Baby Ilavarasi","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1621_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1621_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Preterm birth, delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, represents a critical global health challenge. With approximately 15 million premature births annually, these infants are predisposed to various health complications, significantly impacting under-five mortality rates. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) in improving physiological parameters and maternal experiences in neonatal intensive care units (NICU).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Determine the impact of kangaroo mother care on the physiological parameters among preterm neonate babies admitted in NICU and explore the health experience of primigravida mothers on Kangaroo Mother Care.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>This study employed an Explanatory Sequential mixed-method approach, with a quasi-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design, focusing on 60 preterm infants at the Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Chennai. Initial physiological parameters such as heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, body temperature, weight, and sleep were documented. Following the KMC intervention, these parameters were reassessed. The qualitative phase explored the emotional and psychological impacts on six primigravida mothers using KMC through unstructured interviews and thematic content analysis. Data tools were validated for accuracy and reliability, and ethical considerations were meticulously observed, including informed consent from all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-KMC, significant enhancements in physiological parameters were noted: 70% of infants showed improved heart rate stability, respiratory rates normalized in 33.33% of the cases, and 25% reached optimal oxygen saturation levels. Furthermore, 70% of neonates achieved normal weight gain standards. Qualitative analysis revealed themes and subthemes such as 'Improvements in Mental Health' (Enhanced Confidence, Increased Happiness), 'Knowledge' (Training, Realization, Sharing), 'Support' (Hospital care, Family support), 'Bonding' (Altruistic Actions, Identifying with Others), and 'Physiological Changes' (Enhanced Immunity, Heartbeat Regulation, Improvement in Sucking, Weight Management). These themes were pivotal in understanding the comprehensive benefits of KMC. Additionally, there was a notable association between the infants' physiological improvements and maternal sociodemographic factors, with a marked correlation in outcomes among mothers under 20 years old and those employed in unskilled or semi-professional roles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Kangaroo Mother Care significantly enhances the physiological parameters of preterm neonates while providing substantial psychosocial benefits to mothers. The findings advocate for the integration of KMC into standard neonatal care, particularly in resource-limited settings, to mitigate the complications associated with preterm births.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S685-S687"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence Progression and Epidemiological Study of Oral Precancerous Lesions: An Original Research.","authors":"Monalisha Mahapatra, Kaushal P Tripathi, Trapti S Bhadouria, Sathvik Rai, Aakash Malik, Sanchitha Murali, Heena D Tiwari","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1419_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1419_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oral precancerous lesions, such as leukoplakia and erythroplakia, are significant contributors to the global burden of oral cancer. Understanding their epidemiology, incidence, and progression is essential to early detection and prevention. In India, these lesions are prevalent due to widespread tobacco consumption and other lifestyle factors, leading to an increased risk of oral cancer development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted with 150 patients showing clinical signs of oral precancerous lesions. Three parameters were analyzed: patient demographics, lesion characteristics, and risk factor associations. Incidence and progression data were statistically analyzed using appropriate tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study identified key demographic groups at higher risk, with significant lesion progression in specific subpopulations. Statistical analysis showed strong associations between tobacco use and lesion development, consistent with previous studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the incidence and progression of oral precancerous lesions and their significant correlation with risk factors, emphasizing the need for early intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S451-S453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and Surgical Management of Varicocele in Infertility Treatment with Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Case Report.","authors":"Sudhanshu Dakre, Aakash More, Jarul Shrivastava, Namrata Choudhary, Shradha Ulhe","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1518_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1518_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case study reports a couple presenting with primary infertility, the female partner aged 34 and the male partner aged 37. All investigations for the female revealed normal reproductive function, while the male was diagnosed with severe oligoasthenozoospermia and varicocele. After a microsurgical varicocelectomy failed to improve semen parameters, testicular sperm extraction (TESE) procedures, including testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) and micro-TESE, were employed. Despite limited success in retrieving viable sperm, five mature oocytes from the female partner were fertilized via intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using motile spermatozoa treated with theophylline. Two blastocysts were successfully cultured and cryopreserved. A frozen embryo transfer (FET) was performed two months later, leading to the implantation of the embryos. This case highlights the challenges of male factor infertility associated with varicocele, the limited improvement in semen parameters following surgery, and the successful use of advanced ART techniques, including micro-TESE and ICSI, in achieving fertilization and embryo development. This case shows a sequential application of surgical, medical, and ART approaches to overcome severe male infertility when conventional treatments do not achieve the desired results.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S982-S985"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Adipocytokines Level in Newly Diagnosed Hypothyroid Patients.","authors":"Indrajeet Yadav, Puneet Sharma, Jagdish C Hundekari, Ranjana Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1718_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1718_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypothyroidism, a prevalent endocrine disorder, is associated with significant alterations in lipid metabolism and adipocytokine levels, particularly leptin and adiponectin, which may contribute to cardiovascular risk. The interrelation of thyroid hormones and adipocytokines remains inadequately explored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the levels of leptin and adiponectin in newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients and their potential correlation with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 subjects divided into two groups: 26 newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients (Group A) and 31 healthy controls (Group B). Anthropometric parameters, serum TSH, T3, T4, leptin, and adiponectin levels were measured using standardized ELISA techniques. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in hypothyroid patients compared to controls, suggesting a potential cardiovascular risk marker. Leptin levels were elevated in hypothyroid patients but did not reach statistical significance. Body mass index (BMI) was comparable across groups, minimizing confounding effects of obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the significant reduction in adiponectin levels in hypothyroidism, reinforcing its potential role in cardiovascular risk. While leptin levels showed an increasing trend, further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm their significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S242-S245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}