Cancer Causes & Control最新文献

{"title":"What do cancer survivors believe caused their cancer? A secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data.","authors":"Jacqueline Galica, Stephanie Saunders, Ziwei Pan, Amina Silva, Hok Kan Ling","doi":"10.1007/s10552-023-01846-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-023-01846-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Given that risk reduction and healthy lifestyles can prevent 4 in 10 cancers, it is important to understand what survivors believe caused their cancer to inform educational initiatives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this secondary analysis, we analyzed cancer survivor responses on the Causes Subscale of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire, which lists 18 possible causes of illness and a free text question. We used descriptive statistics to determine cancer survivors' agreement with the listed causes and conducted separate partial proportional odds models for the top three causes to examine their associations with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Content analysis was used to examine free text responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,001 participants, most identified as Caucasian (n = 764, 77%), female (n = 845, 85%), and were diagnosed with breast cancer (n = 656, 66%). The most commonly believed causes of cancer were: stress or worry (n = 498, 51%), pollution in the environment (n = 471, 48%), and chance or bad luck (n = 412, 42%). The associations of sociodemographic and clinical variables varied across the models. Free text responses indicated that hereditary and genetic causes (n = 223, 22.3%) followed by trauma and stress (n = 218, 21.8%) and bad luck or chance (n = 79, 7.9%) were the most important causes of cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Study results illuminate cancer survivors' beliefs about varying causes of their cancer diagnosis and identify characteristics of survivors who are more likely to believe certain factors caused their cancer. Results can be used to plan cancer education and risk-reduction campaigns and highlight for whom such initiatives would be most suitable.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"875-886"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139569827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-steroid hormones and risk of postmenopausal estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: a case-cohort analysis.","authors":"Frances E M Albers, Makayla W C Lou, S Ghazaleh Dashti, Christopher T V Swain, Sabina Rinaldi, Vivian Viallon, Amalia Karahalios, Kristy A Brown, Marc J Gunter, Roger L Milne, Dallas R English, Brigid M Lynch","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01856-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01856-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sex-steroid hormones are associated with postmenopausal breast cancer but potential confounding from other biological pathways is rarely considered. We estimated risk ratios for sex-steroid hormone biomarkers in relation to postmenopausal estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, while accounting for biomarkers from insulin/insulin-like growth factor-signaling and inflammatory pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis included 1208 women from a case-cohort study of postmenopausal breast cancer within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Weighted Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator was used to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer, per doubling plasma concentration of progesterone, estrogens, androgens, and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Analyses included sociodemographic and lifestyle confounders, and other biomarkers identified as potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased risks of postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer were observed per doubling plasma concentration of progesterone (RR: 1.22, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.44), androstenedione (RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.45), dehydroepiandrosterone (RR: 1.15, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.34), total testosterone (RR: 1.11, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.29), free testosterone (RR: 1.12, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.28), estrone (RR 1.21, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.48), total estradiol (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.39) and free estradiol (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.41). A possible decreased risk was observed for SHBG (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Progesterone, estrogens and androgens likely increase postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer risk, whereas SHBG may decrease risk. These findings strengthen the causal evidence surrounding the sex-hormone-driven nature of postmenopausal breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"921-933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11130059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139740411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential interplay between tumor size and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in breast cancer prognosis: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Hampus Lindgren, David Ademi, Christopher Godina, Helga Tryggvadottir, Karolin Isaksson, Helena Jernström","doi":"10.1007/s10552-023-01845-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-023-01845-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Vitamin D has some anticancer properties that may decrease breast cancer risk and improve prognosis. The aim was to investigate associations between four previously studied VDR SNPs (Taq1, Tru91, Bsm1, and Fok1) and prognosis in different groups of breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>VDR genotyping of 1,017 breast cancer patients included 2002-2012 in Lund, Sweden, was performed using Oncoarray. Follow-up was until June 30, 2019. Clinical data and patient information were collected from medical records and questionnaires. Cox regression was used for survival analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genotype frequencies were as follows: Fok1 (AA 15.7%, AG 49.1%, GG 35.1%), Bsm1 (CC 37.2%, CT 46.1%, TT 16.7%), Tru91 (CC 77.8%, CT 20.7%, TT 1.5%), and Taq1 (AA 37.2%, AG 46.2%, GG 16.6%). During follow-up there were 195 breast cancer events. The homozygous variants of Taq1 and Bsm1 were associated with reduced risk of breast cancer events (adjusted HR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.38-0.92 for Taq1 and adjusted HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.40-0.94 for Bsm1). The G allele of the Fok1 was associated with increased risk of breast cancer events in small tumors (pT1, adjusted HR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.04-3.23) but not in large tumors (pT2/3/4, adjusted HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.41-1.59) with a borderline interaction (P_interaction = 0.058). No interactions between VDR genotypes and adjuvant treatments regarding breast cancer prognosis were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VDR genotypes were associated with breast cancer prognosis and the association might be modified by tumor size. Further research is needed to confirm the findings and elucidate their potential clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"907-919"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11130020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139729062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic correlation and causal associations between circulating C-reactive protein levels and lung cancer risk.","authors":"Jiajun Shi, Wanqing Wen, Jirong Long, Haoran Xue, Yaohua Yang, Ran Tao, Wei Pan, Xiao-Ou Shu, Qiuyin Cai","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01855-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01855-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to characterize genetic correlations and causal associations between circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and the risk of lung cancer (LC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Leveraging summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of circulating CRP levels among 575,531 individuals of European ancestry, and LC risk among 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls, we investigated genetic associations of circulating CRP levels with the risk of overall lung cancer and its histological subtypes, by using linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant positive genetic correlations between circulating CRP levels and the risk of LC and its histological subtypes were identified from LDSC regression, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.12 to 0.26, and all false discovery adjusted p < 0.05. Univariable MR demonstrated a nominal association between CRP levels and an increased risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (inverse variance-weighted OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.30). However, this association disappeared when multivariable MR included cigarettes per day and/or body mass index. By using our recently developed constrained maximum likelihood-based MR method, we identified significant associations of CRP levels with the risk of overall LC (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.09), SCC (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.09), and small cell lung cancer (SCLC, OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.15). Moreover, most univariable and multivariable MR analyses also revealed consistent CRP-SCLC associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There may be a genetic and causal association between circulating CRP levels and the risk of SCLC, which is in line with previous population-based observational studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"897-906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139706176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework for building comprehensive cancer center's capacity for bidirectional engagement.","authors":"Erika S Trapl, Sarah Koopman Gonzalez, Kristina Austin","doi":"10.1007/s10552-023-01848-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-023-01848-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Community engagement has benefits for cancer centers' work and for its researchers. This study examined the experiences and perceptions of community engagement by members of the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center (Case CCC) to create and implement a framework to meet the needs of the entire cancer center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included three phases: 1) Semi-structured interviews with 12 researchers from a basic science program to identify needs and suggestions for the support of community engagement; 2) Preliminary interview results informed the development of a survey of 86 cancer center members' about their awareness of and readiness to integrate community outreach and engagement into their research; and 3) The Case CCC Office of Community Outreach and Engagement reviewed the results from phases 1 and 2 to develop and then utilize a framework of engagement opportunities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the interviews and surveys, cancer center members recognized the importance of community engagement and expressed an interest in participating in COE-organized opportunities for bidirectional engagement. While participation barriers include communication issues, limited awareness of opportunities, and competing priorities, members were open to learning new skills, changing approaches, and utilizing services to facilitate engagement. The framework outlines engagement opportunities ranging from high touch, low reach to low touch, and high reach and was used to develop specific services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified varying needs around community engagement using an approach aimed at understanding the perspectives of a community of scientists. Implementing the framework enables reaching scientists in different ways and facilitates scientists' recognition of and engagement with opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"963-971"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11130016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139943952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating lipids, lipid-lowering drug targets, and breast cancer risk: Comprehensive evidence from Mendelian randomization and summary data-based Mendelian randomization.","authors":"Zhongxu Zhang, Daxin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01857-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01857-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) is the most common and fatal cancer among women, yet the causal relationship between circulating lipids, lipid-lowering drugs, and BC remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mendelian randomization (MR) and summary data-based MR (SMR) analysis are used to explore the causal relationship between plasma lipids, lipid-lowering drug targets, and BC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The result of MR suggested that per mg/dL higher levels of LDL-C (OR = 1.045, FDR = 0.023), HDL-C (OR = 1.079, FDR = 0.003), TC (OR = 1.043, FDR = 0.026), and APOA-I (OR = 1.085, FDR = 2.64E-04) were associated with increased BC risk, while TG was associated with reduced BC risk (OR = 0.926, FDR = 0.003). Per mg/dL higher levels of HDL-C (OR = 1.080, FDR = 0.011) and APOA-I (OR = 1.083, FDR = 0.002) were associated with increased ER+BC risk, while TG was associated with reduced ER+BC risk (OR = 0.909, FDR = 0.002). For every per 1 mg/dL decrease in LDL, HMGCR (OR: 0.839; FDR = 0.016), NPC1L1 (OR: 0.702; FDR = 0.004), and PCSK9 (OR: 0.916; FDR = 0.026) inhibition were associated with reduced BC risk, whereas CETP inhibition (OR: 1.194; FDR = 0.026) was associated with increased BC risk. For every per 1 mg/dL decrease in LDL, HMGCR (OR: 0.822; FDR = 0.023), NPC1L1 (OR: 0.633; FDR = 2.37E-03), and APOB inhibition (OR: 0.816; FDR = 1.98E-03) were associated with decreased ER-BC risk, while CETP inhibition (OR: 1.465; FDR = 0.011) was associated with increased ER-BC risk. SMR analysis indicated that HMGCR was associated with increased BC risk (OR: 1.112; p = 0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lipids are associated with the BC risk, and lipid-lowering drugs targets HMGCR, NPC1L1, PCSK9, and APOB may be effective strategies for preventing BC. However, lipid-lowering drugs target CETP may potentially increase BC risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"983-994"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140012210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of urine samples compared to cervical samples for detection of precancer lesions among HPV-positive women attending colposcopy clinic in Mexico City.","authors":"Joacim Meneses-León, Sonia Hernández-Salazar, Leticia Torres-Ibarra, Rubí Hernández-López, Berenice Rivera-Paredez, Karina Robles-Rivera, Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce, Alba García-Vera, Mélany Godínez-Pérez, Leith León-Maldonado, Jorge Salmerón","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01852-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01852-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) detection in self-collected urine samples (SeCUS) may be a promising alternative for cervical cancer screening because of its greater acceptability, as long as it can offer comparable sensitivity to clinician-collected cervical samples (CCoS) for detecting precancer lesions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the performance of the SeCUS compared to that of the CCoS for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) detection among hrHPV-positive women receiving colposcopy in Mexico City using different specific extended HPV typing procedures: HPV16/18, HPV16/18/35/39/68 or HPV16/18/35/39/68/31.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From March 2017 to August 2018, 4,158 female users of the cervical cancer screening program at Tlalpan Sanitary Jurisdiction in Mexico City were invited to participate in the FRIDA-Tlalpan study. All participants provided ≥ 30 mL of SeCUS, and then a CCoS was obtained with Cervex-Brush®, which was used for hrHPV typing. Participants who tested positive for hrHPV in CCoS were referred for colposcopy for diagnostic confirmation, and all SeCUS of these women were also tested for hrHPV typing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 561 hrHPV-positive women were identified by CCoS via colposcopy, and 82.2% of the SeCUS of these women were also hrHPV positive. From both CCoS and SeCUS, 7 cases of CIN3 were detected. Considering HPV16/18 typing, CCoS and SeCUS detected 4 cases of CIN3, but after HPV16/18/35/39/68/31 extension typing, both CCoS and SeCUS detected all 7 of the CIN3 cases among the hrHPV-positive women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using extended hrHPV typing based on HPV16/18/35/39/68/31, our results suggest that the performance of SeCUS may be equivalent to that of CCoS for detecting CIN3 lesions. Although our results are inconclusive, they support the hypothesis that SeCUS may be an attractive alternative worthy of further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"935-942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139897851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent poverty and incidence-based melanoma mortality in Texas.","authors":"Karla Madrigal, Lillian Morris, Kehe Zhang, Emelie Nelson, Tiffaney Tran, Marcita Galindez, Zhigang Duan, Adewole S Adamson, Hui Zhao, Hung Q Doan, Madison M Taylor, Cici Bauer, Kelly C Nelson","doi":"10.1007/s10552-023-01841-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-023-01841-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Previous studies have shown that individuals living in areas with persistent poverty (PP) experience worse cancer outcomes compared to those living in areas with transient or no persistent poverty (nPP). The association between PP and melanoma outcomes remains unexplored. We hypothesized that melanoma patients living in PP counties (defined as counties with ≥ 20% of residents living at or below the federal poverty level for the past two decennial censuses) would exhibit higher rates of incidence-based melanoma mortality (IMM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used Texas Cancer Registry data to identify the patients diagnosed with invasive melanoma or melanoma in situ (stages 0 through 4) between 2000 and 2018 (n = 82,458). Each patient's PP status was determined by their county of residence at the time of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for demographic variables, logistic regression analyses revealed that melanoma patients in PP counties had statistically significant higher IMM compared to those in nPP counties (17.4% versus 11.3%) with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.35 (95% CI 1.25-1.47).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the relationship between persistent poverty and incidence-based melanoma mortality rates, revealing that melanoma patients residing in counties with persistent poverty have higher melanoma-specific mortality compared to those residing in counties with transient or no poverty. This study further emphasizes the importance of considering area-specific socioeconomic characteristics when implementing place-based interventions to facilitate early melanoma diagnosis and improve melanoma treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"973-979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139989323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between blood lipid levels and the risk of liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Zhihui Zhang, Shicong Xu, Meixuan Song, Weirong Huang, Manlin Yan, Xianrong Li","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01853-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01853-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The association between blood lipid levels and the risk of developing liver cancer remains a subject of ongoing debate. To elucidate this association, we conducted a meta-analysis by systematically incorporating data from all relevant prospective cohort studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases covering studies published from database inception through July 2023. This study included prospective cohort studies related to lipid profiles (e.g., total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels) that reported hazard ratios (HRs) or relative risks (RRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to investigate their association with the risk of liver cancer. During the analysis process, we used fixed-effects or random-effects models based on the level of heterogeneity among the studies and obtained pooled risk ratios using these models. To ensure the robustness and reliability of the study findings, we also conducted sensitivity analyses and publication bias analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After conducting a systematic search, 12 studies were identified from a total of 11,904 articles and were included in the meta-analysis. These studies included a combined population of 10,765,221 participants, among whom 31,055 cases of liver cancer were reported. The analysis revealed that the pooled HR for the serum TC concentration (highest versus lowest) was 0.45 (95% CI = 0.35-0.58, I² = 78%). For TGs, the HR was 0.67 (95% CI = 0.46-0.96, I² = 86%), while for HDL-C, the HR was 0.72 (95% CI = 0.58-0.90, I² = 65%). The HR for LDL-C was 0.51 (95% CI = 0.23-1.13, I² = 93%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study indicate that serum TC, TG, and HDL-C levels are negatively associated with liver cancer risk, suggesting that higher concentrations of these lipids are associated with a reduced risk of liver cancer. However, no significant association has been found between LDL-C levels and liver cancer risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"943-953"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial burden among metastatic breast cancer patients: a qualitative inquiry of costs, financial assistance, health insurance, and financial coping behaviors.","authors":"Austin R Waters, Victoria M Petermann, Arrianna Marie Planey, Michelle Manning, Jennifer C Spencer, Lisa P Spees, Donald L Rosenstein, Mindy Gellin, Neda Padilla, Katherine E Reeder-Hayes, Stephanie B Wheeler","doi":"10.1007/s10552-024-01854-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10552-024-01854-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients often face substantial financial burden due to prolonged and expensive therapy. However, in-depth experiences of financial burden among MBC patients are not well understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Qualitative interviews were conducted to describe the experiences of financial burden for MBC patients, focusing on the drivers of financial burden, their experience using their health insurance, accessing financial assistance, and any resulting cost-coping behaviors. Interviews were transcribed and qualitatively analyzed using a descriptive phenomenological approach to thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of n = 11 MBC patients or caregiver representatives participated in the study. MBC patients were on average 50.2 years of age (range: 28-65) and 72.7% non-Hispanic White. MBC patients were diagnosed as metastatic an average of 3.1 years (range: 1-9) before participating in the study. Qualitative analysis resulted in four themes including (1) causes of financial burden, (2) financial assistance mechanisms, (3) health insurance and financial burden, and (4) cost-coping behaviors. Both medical and non-medical costs drove financial burden among participants. All participants reported challenges navigating their health insurance and applying for financial assistance. Regardless of gaining access to assistance, financial burden persisted for nearly all patients and resulted in cost-coping behaviors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that current systems for health insurance and financial assistance are complex and difficult to meet patient needs. Even when MBC patients accessed assistance, excess financial burden persisted necessitating use of financial coping-behaviors such as altering medication use, maintaining employment, and taking on debt.</p>","PeriodicalId":9432,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Causes & Control","volume":" ","pages":"955-961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139930165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}