Ghana medical journal最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge, sources and use of over-the-counter drugs by teachers in a Nigerian urban community.","authors":"Chinonyerem O Iheanacho, Vincent Y Adam","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.5","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Responsible use of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs requires accurate knowledge of the drugs and when to seek professional help. The study assessed knowledge, sources and use of OTC medicines by secondary school teachers.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a multistage sampling method that involved systematic sampling.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Ten secondary schools in Benin City, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Three hundred secondary school teachers who were either casual or permanent staff and who gave informed consent were included.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>Respondents' knowledge of OTC drugs, their sources of OTC drugs, and the most commonly used OTC drugs, among the respondents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 300 study participants, the majority, 185 (61.7%), practised in public schools and more than a quarter, 82 (27.3%), had good knowledge of OTC drugs. Advertisement was the most frequently reported source of information 57(19.0%). Type of school (P=0.001), educational qualification (P=0.024) and reading of enclosed drug information leaflets (P=0.001) were significantly associated with level of knowledge. The major source of OTC medicines was pharmacies (158, 52.7%), and analgesics were mainly used (216, 72.0%), followed by vitamin supplements (172, 57.0%). Ability to recognise and treat minor ailments 132(44.0%,) was the major reason for OTC drug use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Poor knowledge of OTC medicines was common among the teachers; their major source of knowledge was advertisements, and analgesics were most used.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>None declared.</p>","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 3","pages":"136-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and predictors of intimate partner violence among infertile women in a secondary health facility in South-South Nigeria.","authors":"Ngozi R Maduka, Oseihie I Iribhogbe","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.8","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence of Intimate partner violence (IPV) in a secondary health facility.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Antenatal clinic of a secondary Health facility in Delta state, Nigeria, between July 1st, 2023, and June 30^th, 2024.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>244 women presenting for fertility management within the period of the study.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The proportion of women who suffered IPV due to infertility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of IPV was 44.7%. Factors that were significantly associated with IPV were alcohol intake by the male partner [OR=2.74, 95% CI (1.25 - 6.01)], and male partner smoking habit [OR=5.90, 95% CI (2.50 - 14.00)]. Women in monogamous relationships were less likely to experience IPV [OR=0.12, 95% CI (0.02 - 0.60)]. Additionally, women who had given birth to one or more children with their partner were also less likely to suffer from IPV [OR=0.24, 95% CI (0.10 - 0.54)]. Psychological 40(16.4%), verbal 35(14.3%), and multiple 28 (11.5%) abuses were the most common forms of IPV. The majority of the participants, 110 (45.1%), would keep IPV a secret, while 54(22.1%) and 39(16.0%) would report to the family or resort to prayer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the study underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions addressing male substance abuse and societal attitudes towards infertility, particularly in polygamous households, to mitigate IPV against infertile women. Women should be educated on the importance of speaking up in the event of IPV.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>None declared.</p>","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 3","pages":"159-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement between intraocular pressure measurement using Goldmann applanation tonometry with and without fluorescein in consecutive Ghanaian patients.","authors":"Charles Darko-Takyi, Youfegan B Mathurin, Emmanuel Essien, Sandra Owusu, Osei A Yaw, Kwame O Osei, Selina Holdbrook, Andrew Owusu-Ansah","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.4","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The interchangeability of Goldmann Applanation Tonometry (GAT) with or without fluorescein requires clarification among African populations. The present study aimed to determine the agreement between IOP measurement using GAT with and without fluorescein in consecutive patients in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A prospective cross-sectional clinic-based study design.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study was conducted at the Ophthalmology and Optometry units of the UCC Eye Clinic, Cape Coast, Ghana.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A convenient sample of 104 consecutive patients who visited the clinic. The participants were randomised into two groups, where those in the first had their IOPs first measured without fluorescein and later with fluorescein on GAT; participants in the second group had their IOPs first measured with fluorescein and later without fluorescein after a 10-minute washout period. The central corneal thickness was measured using the Anterior Segment model of Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no agreement between the unadjusted IOP measures with and without fluorescein with GAT using the Bland Altman analysis (p < 0.0001, Lower limit: -0.9433, Upper limit: 6.8914; 95% CI = -1.6097 to -.02769). There were no statistically significant differences in gender between unadjusted IOP measurements with (Mann Whitney U test, p = 0.110) and without (Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.083) fluorescein.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Unadjusted IOP measurement without fluorescein was approximately 3 mmHg significantly lower than with fluorescein. We recommend practitioners maintain the gold standard GAT with fluorescein to guide accurate glaucoma diagnosis and management decision-making.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>Self-funded.</p>","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 3","pages":"128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality in Ghana.","authors":"Sylvester Y Lokpo, Daniel Yarboye, Chrisbella T Nkansah, Samuel Ametepe, Francis A Ussher, Michael Appiah, Precious K Kwadzokpui, Esther N Adejumo, Christian Obirikorang, Abigail Ibrahim, James Osei-Yeboah","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.7","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This research utilised a hospital-based cross-sectional study design.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The research was conducted at the Diabetic Clinic of Ho Municipal Hospital.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The study involved 180 type 2 diabetic patients, aged 20 years or older, who had been on anti-diabetic medications for a minimum of three months before the study. Premenopausal women who had not menstruated in the two weeks before recruitment were also included in the study. Participants were excluded if they were receiving haematinics, had undergone a blood transfusion in the preceding month, were undergoing treatment for malaria or helminthiasis, or had any other chronic complications such as renal failure, liver disease, or stroke. Individuals with type 1 diabetes and pregnant women were excluded from the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately a quarter [44 (24.4%)] of the study population had anaemia, with a slight male preponderance [15(25.0%)]. Mild and moderate anaemia were 31 (70.5%) and 13(29.5%), respectively. Microcytic hypochromic anaemia [16 (36.4%)] was the most frequent morphological type of anaemia, followed by normocytic normochromic anaemia [12(27.3%)]. High BMI and low platelet counts were independently associated with reduced odds of developing anaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anaemia is a common finding in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality. Mild anaemia and microcytic hypochromic anaemia were predominant among the anaemic patients. High BMI and low platelet count were significant predictors of reduced probability of anaemia.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>None declared.</p>","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 3","pages":"151-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B vaccine knowledge, uptake and associated factors among healthcare workers in public secondary facilities in Delta Central District, Nigeria.","authors":"Okeroghene K Sajini, Maureen I Ntaji, Nyemike S Awunor, Mamodesan T Okumagba, Oghenetejiri P Sajini","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.6","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study determined the knowledge of Hepatitis B vaccine, vaccination status and associated factors among healthcare workers in public secondary health facilities in the Delta Central Senatorial District, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Settings: </strong>Healthcare workers employed in public secondary health facilities in the Delta Central District.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Four hundred and sixteen participants.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Knowledge of the Hepatitis B vaccine, vaccination status, and predictors of vaccine uptake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Majority of the participants (78.0%) had good knowledge about the Hepatitis B vaccine. One hundred and seventeen participants (42.6%) were fully vaccinated. Age, sex, marital status, education level, cadre, and knowledge of HBV were significantly associated with vaccination status (p < 0.05). Factors associated with low uptake included being female [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.884; 95% CI 1.128-3.147], being a nurse (AOR 0.228; 95% CI: 0.071-0.737) and poor knowledge (AOR: 0.404; 95% CI: 0.184-0.889).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed a high level of knowledge about Hepatitis B vaccine, and a suboptimal vaccination rate among healthcare workers.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>No funding was acquired for the present research.</p>","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 3","pages":"144-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Death registration and certification in Ghana.","authors":"Edwin K Wiredu","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.1","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i3.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 3","pages":"107-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on frequently touched surfaces in selected areas in Accra, Ghana.","authors":"Ivy A Asante, Vanessa Magnusen, Isaac Darban, Michael Oppong-Atuahene, Joseph A Quarcoo, Nana A A Ntim, Isabella Asamoah, Kwamena Wc Sagoe, Joseph O Commey, Mildred A Adusei-Poku","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i2.5","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i2.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material on frequently touched surfaces in Accra and assess its potential infectivity. It evaluated whether detected viruses were viable, providing insights into the possible role of environmental surfaces in COVID-19 transmission.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional study with a convenient sampling approach.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Conducted in clinical (two COVID-19 isolation centres and a testing laboratory) and non-clinical (two schools and two banks) settings in Accra, Ghana, from May to September 2022.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Frequently touched surfaces were sampled at two points: morning (before disinfection) and afternoon (after work). Sterile oropharyngeal swabs moistened in Universal Transport Medium were used to swab surfaces like door handles, tables, handrails, taps, benches, washrooms, classrooms, and banking halls. RT-qPCR was used to detect viral RNA, and Vero E6 cells were used to attempt virus isolation from positive samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected on 6.29% (37/588) of surfaces. Morning samples showed a positive rate of 4.08% (12/294), while afternoon samples showed a rate of 8.50% (25/294). Clinical settings had higher detection rates (7.5%) than non-clinical (3.41%), though not statistically significant (p = 0.060). The testing lab showed a significant difference between morning (2.08%) and afternoon (8.05%) detections. Positive samples were most commonly found on plastics (14/37) and metals (14/37).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SARS-CoV-2 RNA was identified on frequently touched surfaces in selected areas of Accra, Ghana. This highlights the need for thorough hygiene and disinfection practices to prevent the spread of potential viruses.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>Study was funded by the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR) through the NMIMR Office for Research Support Fund (Fund ID EC/P25421/03).</p>","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 2","pages":"76-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of betamethasone dipropionate versus methylprednisolone acetate intra-articular injection in the management of pain in primary osteoarthritis of the knee.","authors":"Emmanuel Andzie-Mensah, Michael Segbefia, Henry Holdbrook-Holdbrook-Smith, Antoinette Bediako Bowan, Jonathan Dakubo, Ambrose Agbor","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i2.6","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative condition often viewed as an inevitable aspect of aging. It leads to the progressive deterioration of articular cartilage, resulting in pain and significant limitations in global movement. Intra-articular steroid injections are effective for pain control and functional improvement. This study focuses on Betamethasone Dipropionate and Methylprednisolone Acetate, both of which have shown promising outcomes, evaluated at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of betamethasone dipropionate and methylprednisolone acetate in managing Kellgren Lawrence (KL) stage 2 to 4 primary knee osteoarthritis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This was a single-blinded comparative study conducted at the Orthopaedic Clinic of a tertiary hospital.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Patients with osteoarthritis in one or both knees, presenting with a pain score of ≥4 on a 0-10 Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), were included.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Effectiveness in controlling pain and improving function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of participants was 60 years. At two weeks, the P-values for VAS and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores between groups A and B were 0.495 and 0.927, respectively. At four weeks, these values were 0.810 and 0.372. However, by twelve weeks, the P-values for VAS and WOMAC scores were 0.026 and 0.0235, indicating significant differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both steroid injections provided symptom relief; however, Betamethasone Dipropionate demonstrated superior long-term effectiveness compared to Methylprednisolone Acetate, offering better sustained pain relief beyond eight weeks.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>None declared.</p>","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 2","pages":"87-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis (IHP) causing headache in a young female.","authors":"Smaran Korada, Viswanathan Pandurangan, Divya J Manickam, Devasena Srinivasan","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i2.8","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i2.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is characterised by thickening of the cranial or spinal dura mater, and it encompasses idiopathic and secondary forms. Later is linked to infections, inflammatory conditions, and autoimmune disorders. This rare condition presents with a myriad of neurological manifestations, including headaches, cranial nerve palsies, and visual disturbances. A South-Asian woman in her mid-thirties presented with a three-month history of left-sided headache, double vision, and facial numbness. Neuroimaging revealed diffuse thickening of the dura mater, suggestive of hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP). Diagnostic workup excluded infectious and autoimmune causes, categorising the condition as idiopathic. Treatment with corticosteroids led to significant improvement in her symptoms. HP is a rare cause of headache in young patients, and diagnosis relies on neuroimaging and CSF analysis, necessitating the exclusion of secondary causes through comprehensive evaluation. Treatment varies based on the underlying aetiology. Corticosteroids remain the first-line drug for idiopathic cases.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>None declared.</p>","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 2","pages":"102-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden and trends of Hepatitis B virus at a government hospital in Ghana.","authors":"John G Deku, Enoch Aninagyei, Godsway E Kpene, Israel Bedzina, Bismark Mensah, Isaac K Agodey, Florence S Edziah, Richard V Duneeh","doi":"10.4314/gmj.v59i2.3","DOIUrl":"10.4314/gmj.v59i2.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study determined the burden and trend of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection in individuals who visited Agona Government Hospital in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>A single-centre study conducted at Agona Government Hospital.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Clients who visited Agona Government Hospital.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted. Data generated between January 2016 and December 2020 were extracted, cleaned, and validated using Microsoft Excel version 2019. Analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2440 records from individuals who were tested for HBV were analysed. The records indicated varying numbers of tests each year, with 28.9% in 2016, 23.1% in 2017, 20.6% in 2018, 13.6% in 2019, and 13.7% in 2020. Most of the clients were aged 25-44 (46.3%). The majority of the clients were married (53.2%) and females (65.3%). The cumulative crude prevalence of HBV infection was 57.44 per 10,000. The prevalence of HBV varied across age categories and genders. A decline in prevalence was observed from 2016 to 2017, with a trough in 2018, followed by a rise through 2019 and peaking in 2020. The crude prevalence exhibited a peak in February and a trough in September, with inconsistent patterns throughout the year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high burden of HBV underscores its significance as a pressing public health issue. There is therefore an urgent need for public health interventions to curb the spread of the infection.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>None declared.</p>","PeriodicalId":94319,"journal":{"name":"Ghana medical journal","volume":"59 2","pages":"60-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}