Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social最新文献

{"title":"[Association between early stenosis and temporary clipping in treated cerebral aneurysms].","authors":"Conrado Abel Mercado-Guzmán, Hilario Paul Alanis-Resendiz, Laura Patricia Munguía-Hernández, Francisco Godínez-García, Andrea Judith Del Ángel-González","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19076224","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19076224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative vascular stenosis following the use of temporary clips in cerebral aneurysms represents a current challenge due to the limited available evidence. This study evaluated whether temporary clipping causes significant image-detected stenosis and whether associated factors contribute to its occurrence.</p><p><strong>Pathways with downstream effects on circuit architecture and locomotion. objective: </strong>To determine the presence of early postoperative vascular stenosis related to the use of temporary clips in patients undergoing neurosurgical treatment for cerebral aneurysms.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 43 patients surgically treated for cerebral aneurysms. Clinical and surgical variables were recorded, comparing pre- and postoperative vascular calibers using a paired Student's t-test. The frequency of residual aneurysm and associations with clip type, clinical factors, and clipping time were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant reduction in postoperative vascular caliber was identified (mean 5.2%, p = 0.007). No statistically significant associations were found between stenosis and the evaluated factors. The incidence of residual aneurysm was low, and clipping times remained within safe parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Temporary clipping proved to be a safe and effective procedure, with a low rate of significant stenosis and no relationship with clinical or technical variables. Continued imaging follow-up and multicenter studies are recommended to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 4","pages":"e6934"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148451204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Impulse control disorder: patients with pituitary adenomas and dopaminergic agonists].","authors":"Alejandra Barreras-Ruíz, Ma Gabriela Rangel-Sánchez, Felipe Alexis Ávalos-Salgado, María Claudia Espinel-Bermúdez, Sandra Ofelia Hernández-González","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19099395","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19099395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Impulse control disorder suggests a fronto-striatal dysfunction that impairs executive metacognitive abilities, as a result of dopamine receptor activation. Dopaminergic agonists serve as adjuvant therapy in pituitary adenomas.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the frequency of impulse control disorder in patients with pituitary adenomas treated with dopaminergic agonists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional analytical study; ≥ 18 years old, diagnosed with pituitary adenoma, and receiving dopaminergic agonist treatment. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) was used. Proportions were compared using Chi-square; means with the Student's t-test, Pearson´s correlation for the strength of the association between each subscale. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated for risk calculations. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty patients were studied, 50% female, with an average age of 42.32 years. According to the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), 40% showed cognitive impairment, 27.5% showed motor impulsivity, and 7.5% exhibited unplanned impulsivity. In total, 12.5% of the population tested positive. Seventy-five percent had a lower accumulated dose (less than 500 mg), with an average of 248.4 milligrams, and 60% had been on treatment for more than 2 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A 12.5% incidence of impulsivity was observed based on the total BIS-11 score, with a 19-fold higher risk in women, and a tendency toward microprolactinoma presence.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 Suppl 1","pages":"e6668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148166097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Breast MRI: Kaiser score agreement with and without diffusion].","authors":"Jesús María Ignacio López-Méndez, Raúl Delgadillo-Cristerna, Josue Campiram-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19099668","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19099668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in Mexico, frequently diagnosed in young women and at advanced stages. Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive and specific method for its diagnosis, although access to it is limited. This study evaluates the concordance between the Kaiser score (KS) with and without the use of DWI/ADC sequences in patients with suspected breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the concordance between the Kaiser score obtained with DWI/ADC sequences (KS) and without them (KS-).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study with 48 patients conducted between October 2022 and October 2024 at the Hospital de Especialidades of the Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Guadalajara, Mexico. Cohen's Kappa statistic was used to evaluate concordance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 48 breast MRIs from women with an average age of 44.33 years were analyzed. The KS scores were: 1 with score 4, 6 with score 6, 4 with score 7, 9 with score 8, 9 with score 9, 6 with score 10, and 15 with score 11. The KS- scores were: 1 with score 4, 6 with score 6, 3 with score 7, 9 with score 8, 9 with score 9, 6 with score 10, and 16 with score 11. Concordance was almost perfect (Kappa = 0.941, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Kaiser score without DWI/ADC (KS-) has almost perfect concordance with the score obtained with DWI/ADC (KS). Omitting DWI/ADC could reduce acquisition time, increase efficiency, and improve patient tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 Suppl 1","pages":"e6690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148166304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ischemic Priapism: evaluation in a third-level hospital in Mexico].","authors":"Guillermo Sánchez-Villaseñor, Eduardo Estrada-Vázquez, Alejandro Ramirez-Velázquez, Sergio Jiram Vázquez-Sánchez, Alejandro González-Ojeda, José Pablo Gómez-Sierra, Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19099690","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19099690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Priapism is a disorder in which the penis maintains a rigid erection, without prior sexual stimulation, with physical and psychosocial consequences. It affects men of any age, with peaks in incidence in childhood and young adulthood. Its management varies according to its etiology, to avoid complications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to describe epidemiological, clinical characteristics, management and postsurgical complications in patients with ischemic priapism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>cross-sectional, analytical study in patients with diagnosis of ischemic priapism whose epidemiological data, comorbidities, management and postoperative complications were documented over a period of one month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty patients were included, between 25 and 78 years old, median 32.5 years, evolution time between 10 to 120 hours + 31.8. Regarding the history, 12 (60%) had a smoking habit, 10 (50%) had alcohol consumption, and 3 (15%) had illicit drugs. Comorbidities: 10 (50%) had high blood pressure and 3 (15%) type 2 diabetes mellitus and 1 (50%) dyslipidemia. Regarding initial management, cavernous corpora drainage puncture was the most common in 18 (90%) patients. Erectile dysfunction was the most frequent complication in 7 (38.8%) of the patients in one month.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our population, most cases of priapism had a history of antihypertensive medication use. Only a small percentage presented within the appropriate timeframe, which may explain the elevated erectile dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 Suppl 1","pages":"e6693"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13278377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148166135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Long-term outcomes of maxillectomy for paranasal sinus cancer].","authors":"Abda Ramírez-Echavarría, Daniel Sat-Muñoz, Luz Ma Adriana Balderas-Peña, Pedro Mauricio Nuñez-Aviña, Karina Jannet Flores-Rios","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19099432","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19099432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paranasal sinus cancer comprises a group of neoplasms with low incidence but high aggressiveness, due to their anatomical location in the center of the face and the significant sequelae caused by both the disease and its treatment. Surgery for maxillary sinus neoplasms is considered potentially curative in early stages; however, maxillectomy is a procedure that requires a high level of surgical skill and represents a challenge for oncologic surgeons.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe overall survival and the outcomes of surgical treatment based on maxillectomy, either as a standalone procedure or in combination with radiosensitizing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, in patients treated between 2013 and 2023 at the High Specialty Medical Unit (UMAE), Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective longitudinal study with follow-up of a series of cases. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 29 software. Qualitative variables were reported as proportions and percentages, and quantitative variables as means with standard deviation or medians with interquartile ranges.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 10-year overall survival rate was 55.3% in patients who underwent surgery. Regarding survival specific to the type of surgical procedure performed, segmental resections offered higher survival rates, reaching 61.5% at 10 years and a median survival of 102 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of the surgical management show local recurrence rates and overall survival comparable to those described in the international literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 Suppl 1","pages":"e6676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148166072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Management of pseudoaneurysm associated with endovascular treatments at third level].","authors":"Mónica María Páez-Sánchez, Miguel Ángel Calderón-Llamas, César Nuño-Escobar, Jesús Ángel Guerrero-Jauregui, Hugo Alonso Rodríguez-Ortega, Jakelin Itzel Ramírez-Plascencia, Pedro Hugo Pedro Hugo, Eva María Olivas-Flores","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19099389","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19099389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pseudoaneurysms occur when the wall of a blood vessel is injured and the leaking blood accumulates in the surrounding tissue, with a prevalence of 0.5-2%. Their etiology is mainly associated with arterial puncture, needle and introducer size, use of ultrasound (US), duration or complexity of the procedure, as well as the use of anticoagulation and closure devices. Risk factors include age ≥75 years, female sex, chronic kidney disease, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiac arrhythmia, infected tissues, and multiple puncture attempts.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze management protocols for pseudoaneurysms secondary to endovascular procedures in a tertiary care unit in western Mexico.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Analytical cross-sectional study with a longitudinal component. Electronic medical records and US reports with a diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm in patients undergoing endovascular procedures were reviewed from January 1 to December 31, 2022. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-eight patients were evaluated: Group 1 (conservative treatment, n = 27) and Group 2 (invasive treatment, n = 21). Group 2 vs. Group 1: mean age (62.67 ± 16.93 vs. 66.48 ± 11; p = 0.018). Procedures included cardiac catheterization, peripheral angioplasty, and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Time (days) to referral for evaluation (158 ± 34.4 vs. 6.86 ± 1.32; p = 0.032); femoral access (62% vs. 52%; p = 0.125); sac size ≥3 cm (81% vs. 22%; p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fifty-six percent resolved with conservative management and 44% required invasive treatment. Associated factors were sac diameter ≥3 cm and ≥30 days to request angiologic evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 Suppl 1","pages":"e6665"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148166138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Medical training in research: A challenge].","authors":"Mario Alberto Mireles-Ramírez, J Ahuixotl Gutierrez-Aceves, Betsabé Contreras-Haro, María Claudia Espinel-Bermúdez, Daniel Hernández-Gordillo, Blanca Miriam Torres-Mendoza, Jazmín Marquez-Pedroza, Martha Rocío Hernández-Preciado","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19099379","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19099379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical education has as its fundamental axis the development of skills for delivering precision care to patients; however, one of the essential tools for clinical reflection in each case also lies in the development of scientific skills that enable physicians to generate critical thinking and offer new evidence-based alternatives. Nevertheless, significant barriers exist that hinder the research training process from permeating physicians' skill sets. Teaching hospitals must reflect on modifiable barriers to provide physicians in training with an environment that is conducive to and motivating toward science. This article is grounded in a reflection on scientific studies that address the difficulties involved in incorporating research skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 Suppl 1","pages":"e7297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Electrotherapy and sensory re-education as a treatment for chemotherapy-induced neuropathy].","authors":"Darlene Citlalli Pérez-Gómez, María Fernanda Toro-Sashida, Alejandro González-Ojeda, Edith Fabiola Romero-Collazo, Sophia Beatriz Gutiérrez-Casillas, José Pablo Gómez-Sierra, Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19099444","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19099444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) is the main complication in cancer survivors, causing pain and other sensory alterations. Electrotherapy with Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is a non-pharmacological resource for pain management, which consists of superficial application of alternate electrical current with cutaneous electrodes; being a safe, economical and portable alternative.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to evaluate the effect of TENS on neuropathic pain and other sensory symptoms caused by CIPN secondary to platinum in patients with colon or rectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>a quasi-experimental study was conducted involving 10 rehabilitation sessions with TENS and sensory re-education to the patient group. Evaluations of neuropathic pain; superficial, deep and painful sensory alterations and single leg balance with eyes open and closed were performed before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>14 patients were recruited, all treated with platinum-based agents. Improvements were found in neuropathic pain (p < 0.001), sensory alterations (p < 0.001) and single leg balance with eyes open (p < 0.001) and closed (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>rehabilitation with TENS and sensory re-education in patients with CIPN secondary to platinum-based agents significantly reduced neuropathic pain, sensory alterations (superficial, deep and painful) and improved single leg balance time with eyes open and closed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 Suppl 1","pages":"e6386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Female sexual function in breast cancer referred at the tertiary level].","authors":"Cecilia Michelle Romo-Aguirre, María Fernanda Toro-Sashida, Alejandro González-Ojeda, Vianney Teresita Hernández-Ramírez, José Pablo Gómez-Sierra, Alejandro Rubén Villaseñor-Rodríguez, Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19099422","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19099422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little is known about sexual function in patients with a previous breast cancer diagnosis. Treatments for breast cancer can cause structural and functional damage at different levels, affecting quality of life and emotional well-being of patients. This can produce pain, inhibition of sexual desire and difficulties in intimacy as a result of mastectomy, tumoral resection, radiation, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate sexual function in females with breast cancer remission.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with breast cancer remission, attending consultation in the Oncology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation departments during the period from August to October 2024, who underwent the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>129 patients were included. A high rate of sexual dysfunction was found 104 (80.6%) despite having a stable partner or being married. An adequate level of sexual function was observed in 14 (18.6%) of patients treated with radical mastectomy without reconstruction, while the highest scores were found in patients who underwent mastectomy and reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most patients treated with mastectomy without reconstruction presented with sexual dysfunction. Patients treated with mastectomy and reconstruction exhibited adequate sexual function.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 Suppl 1","pages":"e6675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[High diagnostic discrepancy in infectious diseases detected by autopsy].","authors":"Aldo Guadalupe Cisneros-Aréchiga, Maribel Avila-Morán, Gladis Razo-Jimenez, Jazmin Marquez Pedroza, Blanca Miriam Torres-Mendoza","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.19099662","DOIUrl":"10.5281/zenodo.19099662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autopsies are considered the gold standard for determining the cause of death. Infections are among the leading causes of death, and many are only identified through autopsy. Such studies are lacking in Mexico.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the frequency of diagnostic discrepancies, particularly those related to infections identified premortem, in patients from the Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, during the period from 2014 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted. Autopsy reports from 2014 to 2021 were reviewed to identify cases with infectious diagnoses determined postmortem. Premortem diagnoses were obtained from clinical records. Two clinical reviewers classified the diagnostic discrepancies. Inter-rater agreement was assessed using Cohen's Kappa coefficient and comparison were performed using the Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 164 autopsies, 70 cases (43%) revealed at least one infection as either the primary or a contributing cause of death. Diagnostic discrepancies were identified in 52% of patients with infections and in 70% of patients living with HIV. The most frequent infectious disease was pneumonia, while cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Candida were the most commonly underdiagnosed infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diagnostic discrepancies are present in more than half of the patients with infectious diseases. The HIV-positive population has the highest rate of diagnostic discrepancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94200,"journal":{"name":"Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","volume":"64 Suppl 1","pages":"e6686"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}