[Seroprevalence of infectious agents in blood donors and their components].

Background: The seroprevalence of infectious agents in donors of blood and blood components is a relevant factor related to the biosecurity of blood components, therefore, the adequate choice of laboratory methods for screening, confirmatory and/or supplementary tests with high sensitivity and specificity.

Objective: To estimate the seroprevalence of infectious agents transmitted by blood transfusion in blood donors during the period 2020 to 2023 at the CMN Siglo XXI Blood Bank.

Material and methods: Descriptive, observational, retrospective study in 180,120 eligible blood donors and their components from the CMN Siglo XXI Blood Bank, between 18 and 65 years of age with reactive serology, during the period 2020-2023. The reactive serological markers of donors registered in the TESI-HEXABANK system and confirmatory/supplementary tests were analyzed. For the univariate analysis, Excel and SPSS version 26 were used.

Results: The present study estimated that the seroprevalence of infectious agents transmitted by transfusion from 2020 to 2023 was 1.38% (n = 2489). The most seroprevalent marker was Treponema pallidum at 0.64%, followed by hepatitis C virus at 0.27%, human immunodeficiency virus at 0.19%, Trypanosoma cruzi at 0.15% and hepatitis B virus at 0.09%.

Conclusions: The seroprevalence of transfusion-transmitted infectious agents allows us to visualize the regional epidemiological panorama of blood donors, which will generate new strategies for transfusion safety in recipients.