Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia最新文献

{"title":"Associations between high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes: evidence of HPV16 predominance as a monoinfection and its no stronger link with high-grade lesions.","authors":"Julia González Cantó, María Amparo Burgos-Isern, Antonio Burgos-Teruel","doi":"10.37201/req/178.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/178.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) are the main etiological agents of cervical cancer. Although coinfections with multiple HPV types are common, it remains unclear whether certain genotypes tend to associate preferentially or whether these associations occur randomly. In particular, HPV16 is considered the most oncogenic type, but its behavior in the context of mono- versus coinfection is less well defined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed cervical cytology and HPV genotyping results from 1,140 women aged 25-65 years. We calculated absolute and relative frequencies of individual HR-HPV types, examined between associations of two-type coinfections, and compared observed versus expected frequencies to assess whether genotype combinations occurred beyond chance. Special attention was given to HPV16, analyzing cytological outcomes in monoinfections versus coinfections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most HR-HPV coinfections occurred at frequencies consistent with chance, suggesting no preferential interactions between genotypes. HPV16, however, was disproportionately present as a monoinfection. Importantly, no HPV16 monoinfections were significantly more associated with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) than HPV16 coinfections (p=0,365).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HPV16 was the most frequent genotype and was more commonly observed as a monoinfection than several other HR-HPV types. However, HPV16 monoinfections were not significantly associated with a higher frequency of HSIL compared with HPV16 coinfections. The observed genotype distribution patterns should be interpreted cautiously within the epidemiological context of opportunistic prevaccination screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"375-379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148261296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term persistence, effectiveness, safety, and metabolic impact of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide fixed-dose combination in people living with HIV in the BICTARG cohort.","authors":"Diego Cecchini, Martín Brizuela, Gastón Copertari, Brenda Bacelar, Cinthia Lamaizon, Macarena Roel, Edgardo Bottaro, Isabel Cassetti","doi":"10.37201/req/187.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/187.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) is a preferred antiretroviral regimen in international guidelines, but long-term real-world data in Latin American people living with HIV (PLWH) are scarce. This study describes 48-month persistence, virological effectiveness, safety and metabolic changes in the Argentine BICTARG cohort.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted an observational, retrospective, open cohort study including treatment-naïve (TN) and treatment-experienced (TE) adults with HIV who initiated B/F/TAF between October 2019 and December 2022 at a large HIV centre. Persistence on B/F/TAF, virological suppression (VS, <50 copies/mL), B/F/TAF-related adverse events (AEs), and metabolic parameters (fasting glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides) were assessed at 24, 36 and 48 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 3,057 PLWH were included: 425 TN (14%) and 2,632 TE (86%). In TN, persistence at 24, 36 and 48 months was 99%, 97% and 95%, and VS rates were 95%, 93% and 90%, respectively, with no AEs reported. In TE, persistence was 98%, 96%, and 88%, and VS rates were 96%, 98%, and 98%; AE rates were ≤0.4%, with no virological failure. Fasting glucose remained unchanged; TN participants showed increases in total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol, whereas in TE participants, lipid levels were stable and triglycerides decreased over time (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large Argentine cohort, B/F/TAF demonstrated high persistence, sustained VS, low AE rates and an overall favourable metabolic profile over 48 months in both TN and TE PLWH, providing the first long-term real-world evidence from Latin America.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"357-364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148261276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Infectious complications following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy: a case series].","authors":"Vanessa Vento, Luis Cabeza-Osorio, Erika Esperanza Lozano-Rincon","doi":"10.37201/req/155.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/155.2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"380-383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148261287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of PCT, IL-6, and MR-ProADM for early identification of sepsis in the emergency department.","authors":"Sofía Tejada, Antonio Clemente, Antonia Socias, Andrés Giglio, María Aranda, Alberto Del Castillo, Joana Mena, Joana María Ribas, Luisa Martín, Karla Milagritos Llerena, María Magdalena Arellano, Miguel Agudo, Roberto de la Rica, Marcio Borges","doi":"10.37201/req/145.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/145.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the biomarkers procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-ProADM), individually and in combination, for early detection of sepsis and septic shock during emergency department (ED) triage.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted in adults presenting to the ED with triage levels 2 and 3 between December 2021 and July 2023. Blood samples were collected at admission, prior to any therapeutic intervention. Plasma concentrations of PCT, IL-6, and MR-ProADM were measured using CMIA or ELISA. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using ROC curves and AUC analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 248 patients were included (214 with sepsis and 34 non-septic controls). Simultaneous elevation of PCT, IL-6, and MR-ProADM was observed in 70% of septic patients compared with 3% of controls. Each biomarker showed high diagnostic accuracy for sepsis (AUROC >0.90). The combined assessment increased specificity and was strongly associated with sepsis and septic shock, with progressively higher odds as the number of elevated biomarkers increased. Higher biomarker burden was also associated with indicators of greater clinical severity, including higher SOFA scores and ICU admission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combined measurement of PCT, IL-6, and MR-ProADM at ED triage, before therapeutic intervention, improves early identification of patients with sepsis and provides relevant information on initial disease severity. This multiplex platform approach may support clinical prioritization and protocol activation in the ED.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"238-252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric septic arthritis caused by <i>Staphylococcus argenteus</i>.","authors":"Geysel Bosch-Gálvez, Montserrat Piñana-Alcalde, José Rafael Bretón-Martínez, Estela Giménez-Quiles, Laura Pino-Almero, Javier Colomina-Rodríguez","doi":"10.37201/req/170.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/170.2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"283-286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in antifungal use characteristics in primary care in Spain, 2019 to 2024: a nationwide study.","authors":"Álvaro Solaz-García, Héctor Sánchez-Herrero, Nerea Valles-Murcia, María José Soriano-Ortega, Alba Ruiz-Gaitán","doi":"10.37201/req/173.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/173.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antifungal resistance is a growing global concern in the context of antimicrobial resistance. Although primary care is the main setting for managing superficial fungal infections, national evidence on antifungal consumption in Spain remains limited. This study analyzes the characteristics of antifungal use in Spanish primary care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted using data from the Primary Care Clinical Database of the Spanish Ministry of Health. The study included individuals assigned to primary care with at least one antifungal dispensation per year between 2019-2024. Consumption was measured as Defined Daily Doses (DDD) per 1,000 inhabitants per day (DHD), following the WHO ATC/DDD methodology. Trends were analyzed by sex, age, municipality size, income level, country of birth, and employment status, using annual percentage change (APC) estimated through joinpoint regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2019 to 2024, antifungal DHD in Spanish primary care increased significantly overall (APC: 8.4% [6.2-10.5]; p<0.001 for both sexes); the number of individuals with ≥1 dispensation declined in 2020 and then stabilized (APC: 5.3% [2.0-8.6]; p=0.004). Use was consistently higher in women, especially among pensioners (with a widening gap after 2020), unemployed individuals, those with very low income, and those born in Spain; D01A led consumption. Significant APC values were observed across all age, country of birth, employment, municipality size, and income strata, with the largest increases in active workers, small and medium municipalities, males <15 years, and foreign-born.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Systematic monitoring of antifungal consumption in primary care is key to anticipating shifts in epidemiology and guiding antifungal stewardship. This study provides the first nationwide assessment of outpatient antifungal use in Spain from 2019 to 2024, offering critical evidence for public health planning and antimicrobial resistance mitigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"253-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Colonisation or early invasion? Disseminated aspergillosis after bronchial isolation of <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> in a heart transplant recipient].","authors":"José Carlos de-Gracia-Díaz, Miriam Hernández-Porto, María Remedios Alemán, Ana Heredia-Frías, María Lecuona-Fernández, Daniel Rodríguez-Díaz","doi":"10.37201/req/161.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/161.2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"280-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASP-COMPLEX: redefining antimicrobial stewardship to improve outcomes in high-risk patients with severe infections.","authors":"Juan Pasquau, Francisco Javier Candel, José Luis Del Pozo, Ángel Estella, Carmen Hidalgo-Tenorio, Jesús Ruiz-Ramos, Juan González-Del-Catillo, Natalia Chueca, Francisco López-Medrano, Esperanza Merino, Francisco Anguita-Santos, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Miguel Salavert-Lletí","doi":"10.37201/req/174.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/174.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At a time of great concern regarding trends in morbidity and mortality from infections, and mindful of the limitations of our current approaches to combating them, this document sets out a structured programme of proposals aimed at improving, in the short and medium term, the survival of the most at-risk patients with severe infections. These are complementary proposals which, on the one hand, reinforce already established initiatives and, on the other, introduce some novel aspects to the approach to this complex problem. They focus on accelerating, standardising, and refining the clinical diagnosis of severe infection and its microbiological diagnosis and, above all, on improving the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment, based on its immediate initiation with the most effective treatment available, and with an improved capacity to integrate innovation into all stages and processes. This programme is designed to be implemented within the framework of the Antimicrobial Stewardship Programmes (ASPs) (hence the name ASP-COMPLEX), and requires appropriate dissemination and surveillance policies, alongside a collaborative environment among the multiple stakeholders involved in delivering innovation (experts, ASP teams, healthcare administration, academia, the pharmaceutical industry, etc.).</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"191-237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148038787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic therapy in febrile neutropenia in haematological patients: current considerations and future challenges.","authors":"Carolina García-Vidal, Antonio Gallardo-Pizarro, Tommaso Francesco Aiello, Mi Kwon, Miguel Salavert, Cristina Pitart, María Suarez-Lledó, Alex Soriano, Josep Mensa","doi":"10.37201/req/165.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/165.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of febrile neutropenia (FN) in oncohematological patients is undergoing a paradigm shift driven by a deeper understanding of patients' pathophysiological heterogeneity, the increasing speed and accuracy of microbiological diagnostics, the emergence of new antibiotics, and the incorporation of predictive artificial intelligence (AI) as a tool to support clinical decision-making. Our objective is to provide an updated and comprehensive overview of the factors influencing antibiotic treatment in FN. We propose that its management should be based on three essential pillars. First, accurate risk stratification for bacterial infection. Second, ensuring that patients receive appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy, tailoring the initial choice according to the results of surveillance cultures from oropharyngeal and/or fecal microbiota. Finally, prioritizing antibiotic choices that preserve intestinal microbiota eubiosis as much as possible. Reducing colonization and overgrowth of facultative aerobic/anaerobic flora (Enterobacteriaceae, non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, and <i>Enterococcus</i> spp.) while preserving strict anaerobic flora decreases the risk of bacterial translocation and complications such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) or loss of CAR-T functionality. This decision model, grounded in objective criteria, aims to balance the need for effective empirical coverage with responsible antibiotic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"387-397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147978029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and opportunities in the management of severe pneumonia. Key concepts from the Seventh Annual Meeting of Spanish Experts 2025.","authors":"Cristobal Rodríguez-Leal, Berta Laguna-Fonseca, Francisco Javier Candel, Montserrat Rodríguez-Aguirregabiria, Juan Manuel García-Lechuz, Fátima Galán-Sánchez, Cruz Soriano-Cuesta, Ángel Estella","doi":"10.37201/req/150.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/150.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pneumonia is the leading cause of death from infection in the developed world. In recent years, researchers and healthcare professionals have worked tirelessly to address this issue. Multiresistance is a significant problem in severe pneumonia, so it is crucial to select the appropriate antibiotic at the correct dose and via the appropriate route of administration to ensure effective concentrations in the lung parenchyma. The diagnosis of pneumonia can also be challenging, so it is vital that imaging techniques, biomarkers, and microbiological methods are employed properly. An appropriate therapeutic approach is vital for managing severe community-acquired pneumonia, as it can be complex and is key to achieving optimal clinical outcomes. Nosocomial pneumonia also requires optimal management to avoid therapeutic failure and to improve outcomes, particularly in post-surgery patients. Not only bacteria, but also viruses and fungi can cause severe pneumonia, and appropriate diagnosis is essential for proper treatment. Finally, the correct use of new antimicrobial molecules can help to improve the clinical outcomes of these patients. To provide an update on these issues, a multidisciplinary team of Spanish experts met at the Seventh Annual Pneumonia Day Meeting, which was sponsored by the <i>Grupo de Estudio de Infección en el Paciente Crítico</i> (GEIPC) of the <i>Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica</i> (SEIMC). This paper summarises the discussions held at the meeting and offers the latest insights on these topics, providing guidance on overcoming the challenges associated with pneumonia management.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"287-346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147966346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}